Dissolved organic nitrogen dynamics in the North Sea: A time series analysis (1995–2005)     

T. Van Engeland  K. Soetaert  A. Knuijt  R.W.P.M. Laane  J.J. Middelburg 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2010

Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) dynamics in the North Sea was explored by means of long-term time series of nitrogen parameters from the Dutch national monitoring program. Generally, the data quality was good with little missing data points. Different imputation methods were used to verify the robustness of the patterns against these missing data. No long-term trends in DON concentrations were found over the sampling period (1995–2005). Inter-annual variability in the different time series showed both common and station-specific behavior. The stations could be divided into two regions, based on absolute concentrations and the dominant times scales of variability. Average DON concentrations were 11 μmol l⁻¹ in the coastal region and 5 μmol l⁻¹ in the open sea. Organic fractions of total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) averaged 38 and 71% in the coastal zone and open sea, respectively, but increased over time due to decreasing dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) concentrations. In both regions intra-annual variability dominated over inter-annual variability, but DON variation in the open sea was markedly shifted towards shorter time scales relative to coastal stations. In the coastal zone a consistent seasonal DON cycle existed with high values in spring–summer and low values in autumn–winter. In the open sea seasonality was weak. A marked shift in the seasonality was found at the Dogger Bank, with DON accumulation towards summer and low values in winter prior to 1999, and accumulation in spring and decline throughout summer after 1999. This study clearly shows that DON is a dynamic actor in the North Sea and should be monitored systematically to enable us to understand fully the functioning of this ecosystem.  相似文献   

The form of the asymptotic depth-limited wind-wave spectrum: Part III — Directional spreading     

I.R. Young 《Coastal Engineering》2010

The directional spreading of both the wavenumber and frequency spectra of finite-depth wind generated waves at the asymptotic depth limit are examined. The analysis uses the Wavelet Directional Method, removing the need to assume a form for the dispersion relationship. The paper shows that both the wavenumber and frequency forms are narrowest at the spectral peak and broaden at wavenumbers (frequencies) both above and below the peak. The directional spreading of the wavenumber spectrum is bi-modal above the spectral peak. In contrast, the frequency spectrum is uni-modal. This difference is shown to be the result of energy in the wind direction being displaced from the linear dispersion shell. A full parametric relationship for the directional spreading of the wavenumber spectrum is developed. The analysis clearly shows that typical dispersion relationships are questionable at high frequencies and that such effects can be significant. This result supports greater attention being focussed on the routine recording of wavenumber spectra, rather than frequency spectra.  相似文献   

60年距离测量的演变   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘基余 《海洋测绘》2010,30(2):74-78

新中国成立60年来,距离测量方法所发生的巨大变化是,20世纪50年代末期,光速测距仪和微波测距仪的推广应用,开创了"量距不用尺"的新时代;20世纪60年代中期,测地型激光测距仪的快速发展,将光波测距推向了高精度远测程的新境界;几乎与此同时,卫星激光测距和甚长基线射电干涉测量技术的测地实用化,使得测地工作者能够测量远达数千千米的站间距离;20世纪80年代初期,GPS卫星测量技术的问世,使得测地工作者步入了快速高效"量距不见站"的新天地。距离测量的这种演变,也是测绘科学技术进步的一大缩影。  相似文献   

福建省数字化钻孔体应变观测资料质量初步分析     

刘水莲  李祖宁  杨颍  沈健健  黄跃进  许书元 《华南地震》2007,27(4):79-87

对整个福建省的钻孔体应变仪器运行状况进行了综合评价,并对4个台站的观测资料质量进行了分析,用M2波潮汐因子及其相对中误差等来衡量其总体精度和稳定性,还分析了钻孔应变观测的干扰机理和特征,希望能够正确地认识以及排除观测资料中的非异常信息,提高观测精度,为地震分析预报提供可靠的前兆资料。  相似文献   

台风“利奇马”对钻孔体应变的扰动分析——以浙江地区为例     

尹晶飞  汪贞杰  江聪杰 《地震地磁观测与研究》2022,43(4):95-105

利用台风“利奇马”过境浙江期间,岱山地震台、东阳地震台钻孔体应变数据,采用数据滤波和线性回归等方法,分析了这2个台站钻孔体应变对台风的响应特征。结果表明,东阳地震台受台风引起的低气压的影响,钻孔体应变与气压同步变化;而岱山地震台受低气压和降水的共同影响,钻孔体应变与气压在变化的相关性和同步性上均有差异。气压和降水导致钻孔体应变的变化量可以通过负载力学模型进行估算求解。  相似文献   

Long waves due to a symmetrical wind stress on the surface of a rotating ocean     

C. R. Mondal 《地球物理与天体物理流体动力学》2013,107(4):295-313

Abstract

The problem of unsteady long waves generated by any horizontal and symmetrically distributed, time-periodic surface wind on a rotating ocean is analysed for large times and distances. Uniform asymptotic estimates of the surface displacement in the unsteady state are obtained. The steady-state wave and velocity fields at any distance are also determined. Some characteristics of the unsteady and steady motions are described. Also noted are the features that distinguish the motion from its one-dimensional analogue for which a non-uniform analysis in the unsteady state along with a large-distance form of the surface elevation are already known.  相似文献   

Statistical estimation of a shock center: Slate Islands astrobleme     

P. E. Jupp  B. D. Spurr 《Mathematical Geology》1989,21(2):191-198

Statistical models are proposed for the distribution of directions in three dimensions that are thought to point toward a single source. These models are based on the Fisher distribution. The method of maximum likelihood is used to obtain an estimate of position of the source and to provide corre-sponding confidence regions. When applied to shatter cone data from the Slate Islands, northern Lake Superior, the method yields estimates comparable with those obtained by Stesky and Halls (1982), as well as statistically valid confidence regions.  相似文献   

Observations of geomagnetic pulsations and variations with a new borehole magnetometer down to depths of 3000 m   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

K. Spitzer 《Geophysical Journal International》1993,115(3):839-848

b
A triaxial magnetometer has been developed for investigating the in situ skin effect of horizontal geomagnetic pulsations and variations in deep boreholes. The observations were carried out in the pilot borehole of the Continental Deep Drilling Program of Germany (KTB) down to depths of 3000 m and up to temperature of 90 C. A weak skin effect, due to the known very low conductivity of the penetrated crystalline rocks, of 90 to 95 per cent in amplitude and -5 to -10 rotation in phase has been observed at periods of 10 s and magnetometer depth of 2400 m.
An essential prerequisite for all calculations is the accurate determination of the orientation of the downhole magnetometer. It is demonstrated how oriented record samples of temporal variations at depth correlate precisely with those from the surface.
Results from surface magnetotelluric (MT) investigations show strong local distortions of the telluric field. The distortion of the MT tensor response has been determined by means of newly introduced skin-effect transfer functions, which are assumed to be undistorted.  相似文献   

钻孔伽玛场理论及形态系数计算的进一步研究     

段波 《铀矿地质》1991,7(1):49-58

  相似文献   

苏北平原井下摆观测效果的讨论     

徐元耀 《地震地磁观测与研究》1994,15(6):31-35

文章以江苏省大丰台、盐城台、淮阴台、海安台，射阳台井下摆观测为例。比较它们的观测结果，分析认为井下摆的观测效果不仅与地面复盖层的厚度有关，而且与井下摆周围的环境干扰，观测用井的质量有关。为了提高井下摆观测效果，应尽量减少环境干扰，并注意井的垂直度和固井，文章还指出，沿海地区井下摆受海浪干扰相当显著的。  相似文献