探地雷达在城市管线测量中的应用研究     

王鹏  范亚男  赵言 《测绘信息与工程》2013,(6):30-32

探地雷达作为一种新的城市管线探测方法,在城市测量应用中逐步得到推广,通过使用LD9000型探地雷达对天津市部分区域进行综合管线探测和分析,阐述了探地雷达在城市管线测量中的应用原理和测量过程,得出有益建议。  相似文献   

Enigmatic clastic pipe swarms and implications for fluidization dynamics in aeolian deposits     

Marjorie A. Chan  Stephen T. Hasiotis  Judith T. Parrish 《Sedimentology》2019,66(2):513-535

Soft‐sediment deformation of contorted and massive sandstone is common throughout much of the siliciclastic record, but clastic pipes represent a distinctive class of pressurized synsedimentary features. Remarkable centimetre to metre‐scale clastic pipe exposures in the Jurassic Navajo Sandstone of Utah (USA) establish a range of pipe sizes, expressions and relationships to the host rock in an erg margin setting, traditionally thought to be just a dry desert system. In particular, the field and laboratory characterizations of cylindrical pipes show internal concentric, annular rings that imply water fluidization, with alignment of long grain axes due to shear flow along pipe margins. Central interior parts of decimetre‐scale pipes appear massive in plan view, but display weakly developed pseudobedding from post‐pressure release, gravitational settling in the cross‐sectional view. Deformation features of conjugate fractures, ring faults, hypotrochoid patterns (geometric arcs and circles) and breccia in the host material reflect both brittle and ductile behaviour in response to the fluidization and injection of the clastic pipes. The stratigraphic context of individual pipes and the stratabound intervals of pipe features imply dynamic deformation nearly coincident with deposition in this Early Jurassic aeolian system related to multiple factors of groundwater expulsion, timing and local host sediment properties that influenced pipe development. Although the pipe features might be easily overlooked as a smaller scale feature of soft‐sediment deformation in dune deposits, these are valuable environmental indications of disrupted fluid pathways within porous, reservoir quality sands, associated with possible combinations of periodic springs, high water‐table conditions and strong ground‐motion events. These pipe examples may be important analogues where exposures are not so clear, with applications to diverse modern and ancient clastic settings internationally on Earth as well as in planetary explorations such as on Mars.  相似文献   

豫西杜关锰银矿田火山隐爆角砾岩特征及其形成机制     

魏俊浩  袁艳宾  刘晓峰 《地质论评》1999,45(7):631-635

豫西杜关锰银矿田火山隐爆角砾岩的形成主要与气液挥发分和超浅成的燕山期闪长岩及闪长玢岩有关,并受该地区近东西向深断裂的控制,而火山隐爆角砾筒又控制着杜关地区锰银矿床（点）的分布,豫西杜关锰银矿田由若干个矿床（点）构成,矿田内已发现多处隐爆角砾岩筒,这些火山机构均与成矿有密切的关系。本文介绍了两个主要火山隐爆角砾岩筒的地质特征,并论述了两类隐爆角砾岩的形成机制。原地棱角状火山角砾岩是由火山爆发震碎作用造成的,异地溶蚀状角砾岩是由流化作用造成的。  相似文献   

Some Unresolved Issues in Ocean Pipes Aspirating Fluid     

钱勤  王琳  倪樵  黄玉盈 《中国海洋工程》2008,22(1):171-180

This paper reviews the dynamics of ocean pipes aspirating fluid and presents a selective review of the research undertaken on it. It focuses on the equations of motion, fluid-solid interaction at the inlet of the free end of the pipe, the stability mechanism of pipes aspirating steady fluid, etc. In particular, some unresolved or partly resolved issues on these important aspects are discussed. Finally, the promising future development in this area is discussed.  相似文献   

海底载流管道轴对称波频散特性分析     

刘敬喜  李天匀  朱翔  金全洲 《海洋工程》2007,25(2):98-103

海底载流管道是典型的土-固-液三相耦合问题.利用Flügge壳体运动方程,结合弹性动力学方程,建立海底载流管道轴对称运动时的频散方程,分析自由振动波的性质及其随频率变化的规律.结果表明管道周围的土壤介质对其自由振动波的传播特性影响显著,而土壤介质刚度的增大使得自由振动波的截止频率随之增加.  相似文献   

Transformations of runoff chemistry in the Arctic tundra,Northwest Territories,Canada     

W. L. Quinton  J. W. Pomeroy 《水文研究》2006,20(14):2901-2919

The transformation of snowmelt water chemical composition during melt, elution and runoff in an Arctic tundra basin is investigated. The chemistry of the water flowing along pathways from the surface of melting snow to the 95·5 ha basin outlet is related to relevant hydrological processes. In so doing, this paper offers physically based explanations for the transformation of major ion concentrations and loads of runoff water associated with snowmelt and rainfall along hydrological pathways to the stream outlet. Late‐lying snowdrifts were found to influence the ion chemistry in adjacent reaches of the stream channel greatly. As the initial pulse of ion‐rich melt water drained from the snowdrift and was conveyed through hillslope flowpaths, the concentrations of most ions increased, and the duration of the peak ionic pulse lengthened. Over the first 3 m of overland flow, the concentrations of all ions except for NO increased by one to two orders of magnitude, with the largest increase for K⁺, Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺. This was roughly equivalent to the concentration increase that resulted from percolation of relatively dilute water through 0·25 m of unsaturated soil. The Na⁺ and Cl^? were the dominant ions in snowmelt water, whereas Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ dominated the hillslope runoff. On slopes below a large melting snowdrift, ion concentrations of melt water flowing in the saturated layer of the soil were very similar to the relatively dilute concentrations found in surface runoff. However, once the snowdrift ablated, ion concentrations of subsurface flow increased above parent melt‐water concentrations. Three seasonally characteristic hydrochemical regimes were identified in a stream reach adjacent to late‐lying snowdrifts. In the first two stages, the water chemistry in the stream channel strongly resembled the hillslope drainage water. In the third stage, in‐stream geochemical processes, including the weathering/ion exchange of Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺, were the main control of streamwater chemistry. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

多圈管冻结温度场特征分析及工程应用   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

陈军浩  李栋伟 《冰川冻土》2016,38(6):1568-1574

多圈管冻结工法已在深厚地层井筒掘砌中广泛应用,但对多圈管冻结温度场需进一步深入研究。以某冻结井筒为原型,对关键层位开展冻结管无偏斜条件下的冻结温度场模型试验、进行冻结管偏斜条件下的温度场数值计算,同时利用温度场信息可视化软件对现场实测结果进行分析。将三种测试手段获得的结果进行比较,得出冻结管偏斜对冻结壁有效厚度影响较小,但对冻结壁平均温度、冻结壁交圈时间影响都很大,且容易在冻结壁内部产生密闭未冻承压水仓,造成冻胀力聚集,对冻结壁整体稳定性及井筒开挖不利。其结果可为多圈管冻结法凿井设计与施工提供参考。  相似文献   

基于GF2号与Landsat8数据融合的遥感图像地质解译——以1:5万瓦房店市幅为例     

王烜  王海鹏  王然  吴子杰  高福亮  康宁  万方来  王艺龙  杨欢  刘杰 《地质论评》2019,65(4):918-928

随着遥感卫星的分辨率越来越高,遥感技术在地质填图工作中的应用也愈发广泛,尽管遥感技术在地质学的应用仍有很多不足,但仅仅对于地质填图工作来说,已经可以节约部分野外工作量,通过遥感地质解译可区分岩性差异较大的地质体,并绘制其界线,减少不必要的野外调查,将地质工作者的精力放在更复杂的地学问题上。高分2号卫星属于中高分变率卫星,全色波段08 m,其数据质量高、数据获取方便、重访周期短等优点逐渐吸引地质工作者的注意。目前,使用高分2号卫星进行遥感地质解译的文献相对较少,本文具有一定的示范作用。本次以1∶5万标准图幅瓦房店市幅为例,使用GF2号数据与Landsat8数据融合和主成分分析后做假彩色合成影像,解译出地质单元21个,线性断裂构造61条,使用真彩色合成与DEM叠加建立地表三维模型来确定断裂期次与交切关系,最终将遥感地质解译结果与野外实地调查工作成果相对比,以分析地质解译精度,经测算两者平均吻合率达80%,达到1∶5万区域地质调需要,为瓦房店市幅1∶5万区域地质调查工作提供参考依据,填补瓦房店地区地质单元遥感影像特征的空白。  相似文献   

Geophysical Surveys over Karst Recharge Features,Illinois,USA     

Philip J.CARPENTER  Shawkat AHMED 《《地质学报》英文版》2001,75(3):249-253

Karst aquifers supply a significant fraction of the world's drinking water. These types of aquifers are alsohighly susceptible to pollution from the surface with recharge usually occurring through fractures and solution openings at the bedrock surface. Thickness of the protective soil cover, macropores and openings within the soil cover, and the nature of the weathered bedrock surface all influence infiltration. Recharge openings at the bedrock surface, however, are often covered by unconsolidated sediments, resulting in the inadvertent placement of landfills, unregulated dump sites, tailing piles, waste lagoons and septic systems over recharge zones. In these settings surface geophysical surveys, calibrated by a few soil cores, could be employed to identify these recharge openings, and qualitatively assess the protection afforded by the soil cover. In a test of this hypothesis, geophysical measurements accurately predicted the thickness of unconsolidated deposits overlying karstic dolomite at a site ab  相似文献   

苏州市供水管网信息系统的开发及其关键技术     

吴信才  邢廷炎 《测绘学院学报》2002,19(2):137-139,146

从开发的角度阐述了苏州市供水管网信息系统的设计原则，设计特点和开发手段，并着重介绍了系统的组织结构，功能及其关键技术。  相似文献