一次局地大暴雨三维风场的双多普勒雷达探测研究   总被引：14，自引：3，他引：11  

周海光  张沛源 《大气科学》2005,29(3):372-386

使用地基双多普勒天气雷达综合和连续调整技术 (MUSCAT), 对2001年7月13日安徽省合肥、马鞍山双多普勒雷达同步探测到的暴雨系统进行三维风场反演.其暴雨系统的流场特点是在低层存在切变线和辐合线, 高层气流辐散, 有明显的垂直环流; 低层的水平辐合区与高层的水平速度的辐散区相匹配, 对应着上升运动; 下沉气流在近地面层形成的向外流出的辐散气流促使暴雨系统前方低层暖湿空气上升; 南北强回波单体在全椒附近合并, 单体合并首先从低层开始, 然后扩展到中高层, 造成全椒地区的局地强降水; 中低层的切变线和辐合线是强回波单体合并的动力因素; 流场特征是在其上空形成中尺度涡旋.最后, 给出了这次暴雨的概念流场模型.  相似文献   

对金矿成矿作用的重新认识   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

邵军  惠德峰  孔祥民  周乃武 《地质与资源》2004,13(4):246-250

含金建造是富含C、S、Fe的沉积岩系或火山沉积岩系,根据形成环境和演化特点,将含金建造划分5种类型.认为金元素地球化学二重性决定其成矿作用具有二重性,含金建造是各种类型内生金矿床成矿物质的直接来源,成矿热液来源于建造水.对独立金矿床进行了类型划分,强调含金建造的存在是金矿成矿的基本条件,运用液态矿源说和二次迁移论探讨了成矿作用机制,并建立了金矿成矿模式.  相似文献   

Optimisation of Lithium Chromatography for Isotopic Analysis in Geological Reference Materials by MC‐ICP‐MS     

Wenshuai Li  Xiao‐Ming Liu  Linda V. Godfrey 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2019,43(2):261-276

The lithium isotope system can be an important tracer for various geological processes, especially tracing continental weathering. The key to this application is the accurate and precise determination of lithium isotopic composition. However, some of the previously established column separation methods are not well behaved when applied to chemically diverse materials, due to the significant variations in matrix/lithium ratios in some materials. Here, we report a new dual‐column system for lithium purification to achieve accurate and precise analysis of lithium isotopic compositions using a multi‐collector inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometer (MC‐ICP‐MS). Compared with single‐column systems, our dual‐column system yielded a consistent elution range of the lithium‐bearing fraction (7–16 ml) for samples with a large range of lithium loads and matrix compositions, so that column re‐calibration is not required. In addition, this method achieved complete lithium recovery and low matrix interference (e.g., Na/Li ≤ 1) with a short elution time (~ 6 h, excluding evaporation), with the entire procedure completed in 1.5 days. We report high precision Li isotopic compositions in twelve chemically diverse materials including seawater, silicates, carbonates, manganese nodules and clays. New recommended Li isotopic values and associated uncertainties are presented as reference values for quality control and inter‐laboratory calibration for future research and were consistent with previously published data. However, significant lithium isotopic variances (~ 1‰) in BHVO‐2 from different batches suggest Li isotopic heterogeneity in this reference material and that Li isotopic studies using this reference material should be treated with caution.  相似文献   

Incipient charnockites from southern India:The role of brines     

Jacques L.R.Touret  Robert C.Newton  Michel Cuney 《地学前缘(英文版)》2019,10(5):1789-1801

Southern India and Sri-Lanka are the places where "incipient charnockites",i.e.the local transformation of amphibolite-facies gneisses into orthopyroxene-bearing,igneous looking charnockites,have been discovered in the early sixties.The fact that some incipient charnockites occur along a network of brittle fractures,together with CO_2 remnants preserved in mineral inclusions,had called for the role of fluids during charnockite alteration.The present work presents new observations on fluid inclusions and microtextures of incipient charnockites from type localities in southern India.In addition to CO_2-rich fluid inclusions in quartz and feldspar,all of the occurrences have disrupted remnants of concentrated aqueous alkali chloride solutions.CO_2 inclusions are more abundant in paragneiss(Kerala)than in orthogneiss(Karnataka/Tamil Nadu).The finding of disrupted brine inclusions in the Kabbal charnockite is a key link between closely associated massive charnockites and Closepet Granite,both of which also share the brine remnants.All of the occurrences studied here have feldspar or feldspar-quartz microvein networks along grain boundaries of recrystallized quartz,feldspar and orthopyroxene.These metasomatic veins again indicate the action of alkali-exchanging fluids(i.e.,saline solutions).Feldspar microveins,which have been found in most "massive" charnockites,along with the CO_2-rich fluid inclusions,suggest a commonality of incipient charnockite and massive charnockite,both types differing in intensity of interaction with metasomatizing pore fluids.  相似文献   

Phlogopite in mantle xenoliths and kimberlite from the Grib pipe,Arkhangelsk province,Russia:Evidence for multi-stage mantle metasomatism and origin of phlogopite in kimberlite     

A.V.Kargin  L.V.Sazonova  A.A.Nosova  N.M.Lebedeva  Yu.A.Kostitsyn  E.V.Kovalchuk  V.V.Tretyachenko  Ya.S.Tikhomirova 《地学前缘(英文版)》2019,10(5):1941-1959

We present petrography and mineral chemistry for both phlogopite,from mantle-derived xenoliths(garnet peridotite,eclogite and clinopyroxene-phlogopite rocks)and for megacryst,macrocryst and groundmass flakes from the Grib kimberlite in the Arkhangelsk diamond province of Russia to provide new insights into multi-stage metasomatism in the subcratonic lithospheric mantle(SCLM)and the origin of phlogopite in kimberlite.Based on the analysed xenoliths,phlogopite is characterized by several generations.The first generation(Phil)occurs as coarse,discrete grains within garnet peridotite and eclogite xenoliths and as a rock-forming mineral within clinopyroxene-phlogopite xenoliths.The second phlogopite generation(Phl2)occurs as rims and outer zones that surround the Phil grains and as fine flakes within kimberlite-related veinlets filled with carbonate,serpentine,chlorite and spinel.In garnet peridotite xenoliths,phlogopite occurs as overgrowths surrounding garnet porphyroblasts,within which phlogopite is associated with Cr-spinel and minor carbonate.In eclogite xenoliths,phlogopite occasionally associates with carbonate bearing veinlet networks.Phlogopite,from the kimberlite,occurs as megacrysts,macrocrysts,microcrysts and fine flakes in the groundmass and matrix of kimberlitic pyroclasts.Most phlogopite grains within the kimberlite are characterised by signs of deformation and form partly fragmented grains,which indicates that they are the disintegrated fragments of previously larger grains.Phil,within the garnet peridotite and clinopyroxene-phlogopite xenoliths,is characterised by low Ti and Cr contents(TiO_21 wt.%,Cr_2 O_31 wt.% and Mg# = 100 × Mg/(Mg+ Fe)92)typical of primary peridotite phlogopite in mantle peridotite xenoliths from global kimberlite occurrences.They formed during SCLM metasomatism that led to a transformation from garnet peridotite to clinopyroxene-phlogopite rocks and the crystallisation of phlogopite and high-Cr clinopyroxene megacrysts before the generation of host-kimberlite magmas.One of the possible processes to generate low-Ti-Cr phlogopite is via the replacement of garnet during its interaction with a metasomatic agent enriched in K and H_2O.Rb-Sr isotopic data indicates that the metasomatic agent had a contribution of more radiogenic source than the host-kimberlite magma.Compared with peridotite xenoliths,eclogite xenoliths feature low-Ti phlogopites that are depleted in Cr_2O_3 despite a wider range of TiO_2 concentrations.The presence of phlogopite in eclogite xenoliths indicates that metasomatic processes affected peridotite as well as eclogite within the SCLM beneath the Grib kimberlite.Phl2 has high Ti and Cr concentrations(TiO_22 wt.%,Cr_2O_31 wt.% and Mg# = 100× Mg/(Mg + Fe)92)and compositionally overlaps with phlogopite from polymict brecc:ia xenoliths that occur in global kimberlite formations.These phlogopites are the product of kimberlitic magma and mantle rock interaction at mantle depths where Phl2 overgrew Phil grains or crystallized directly from stalled batches of kimberlitic magmas.Megacrysts,most macrocrysts and microcrysts are disintegrated phlogopite fragments from metasomatised peridotite and eclogite xenoliths.Fine phlogopite flakes within kimberlite groundmass represent mixing of high-Ti-Cr phlogopite antecrysts and high-Ti and low-Cr kimberlitic phlogopite with high Al and Ba contents that may have formed individual grains or overgrown antecrysts.Based on the results of this study,we propose a schematic model of SCLM metasomatism involving phlogopite crystallization,megacryst formation,and genesis of kimberlite magmas as recorded by the Grib pipe.  相似文献   

中国主要产业轴线的空间定位与发展态势--兼论点--轴系统理论与双核结构模式的空间耦合   总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21  

陆玉麒  董平 《地理研究》2004,23(4):521-529

本文通过双核结构模式与点～轴系统理论的有机融合 ,有效地解决了我国主要产业轴线的空间定位问题 ,据此测算并较为深入地分析了 1990 - 2 0 0 0年主要产业轴线的发展状况。并在从理论层面上廓清了双核结构模式与点 -轴系统理论的内在逻辑联系的基础上 ,对我国主要产业轴线的未来演化作了进一步的分析。研究表明 ,双核结构模式可以深化现有的T型开发模式 ,是我国沿海和沿江开发走向深化、空间范围拓展的有效的理论工具。从未来演化趋势看 ,沿海和沿江将一直是我国未来较长时期内的一级轴线 ;在长江三角洲、珠江三角洲、环渤海地区 3个沿海区域增长极继续得到快速发展的同时 ,以武汉为核心的汉三角区域增长极将从我国中部崛起 ,成为我国第 4个区域增长极。  相似文献   

半无限横观各向同性介质中多裂纹相互作用分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王炳军  肖洪天  岳中琦 《岩土力学》2012,33(8):2527-2535

为评估含矩形裂纹的半无限横观各向同性介质的局部强度和稳定性,采用基于双横观各向同性材料基本解的对偶边界元数值方法,分析了在沿裂纹面法向和切向均布力分别作用下矩形裂纹的应力强度因子及两个共面或平行的矩形裂纹的相互作用问题。通过数值计算考察了自由面对应力强度因子值的影响,以及裂纹间距、边长比及自由面对共面或平行双裂纹相互作用效应的影响。结果表明,自由面的存在引起该类裂纹应力强度因子值大于无限域情况;裂纹形状和裂纹间距对共面或平行双裂纹相互作用效应均有较明显的影响,但自由面对共面或平行双裂纹的相互作用效应均影响较小。  相似文献   

虚反射界面对地震激发效果的影响及其应用          下载免费PDF全文

王永卓  杜桂锋  傅朝奎  周志才  于春玲 《地球物理学进展》2009,24(4):1454-1460

在地震资料采集过程中,表层虚反射界面对地震波的激发效果影响较大,但也是确定炸药震源激发深度的重要因素之一.本文讨论了确定炸药震源距虚反射界面距离的有效方法,分析了复杂地表条件下虚反射界面对地震激发的影响,阐述了如何用之选择最佳激发井深,尽可能地减小由震源产生的各类次生干扰,获得频率响应较好的地震激发子波,以便采集到理想的地震资料.  相似文献   

双频激电法在探测煤矿采空区的尝试   总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

余传涛  刘鸿福  高建平 《地球物理学进展》2008,23(5):1603-1609

利用双频激电法在山西沁源嘉元煤业有限公司已知采空区进行实地探测试验,通过对探测数据的整理与分析得知:在未充水的采空区探测得到较高的视电阻率和较低的视幅频率,能够精确的反映地下采空区的位置.结果证明了利用双频激电法探测煤矿地下采空区是可行的.  相似文献   

A land surface soil moisture data assimilation framework in consideration of the model subgrid-scale heterogeneity and soil water thawing and freezing   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

XiangJun Tian  ZhengHui Xie 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2008,51(7):992-1000

The Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) is well known and widely used in land data assimilation for its high precision and simple operation. The land surface models used as the forecast operator in a land data assimilation system are usually designed to consider the model subgrid-heterogeneity and soil water thawing and freezing. To neglect their effects could lead to some errors in soil moisture assimilation. The dual EnKF method is employed in soil moisture data assimilation to build a soil moisture data as- similation framework based on the NCAR Community Land Model version 2.0 (CLM 2.0) in considera- tion of the effects of the model subgrid-heterogeneity and soil water thawing and freezing: Liquid volumetric soil moisture content in a given fraction is assimilated through the state filter process, while solid volumetric soil moisture content in the same fraction and solid/liquid volumetric soil moisture in the other fractions are optimized by the parameter filter. Preliminary experiments show that this dual EnKF-based assimilation framework can assimilate soil moisture more effectively and precisely than the usual EnKF-based assimilation framework without considering the model subgrid-scale heteroge- neity and soil water thawing and freezing. With the improvement of soil moisture simulation, the soil temperature-simulated precision can be also improved to some extent.  相似文献