平朔露天矿区生态环境空间信息系统的设计   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

毕如田  白中科  师华定 《地理信息世界》2005,3(5):31-36

平朔露天矿区生态环境空间信息系统（ESISP）是以MapGIS为平台,以露天矿区在土地复垦与生态重建中的资源与环境问题为研究对象,通过Visual C＋＋开发各类资源与生态环境专题应用模型.该系统可为矿区环境管理部门及从事生态环境的研究人员提供该矿区的环境背景信息及土地复垦、土地利用、环境质量、环境规划等专题分析,为解决平朔露天矿区的环境问题提供技术支持.本文介绍了ESISP系统的基本功能、空间数据库的建立及专题应用模型的设计方法.  相似文献   

地理空间信息服务体系探索与实践   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

崔铁军 《地理信息世界》2007,5(6):30-35

从地理信息的需求和地理信息服务的现状出发,探讨了网络环境下地理信息服务体系结构框架,详细介绍了网络化基础地理空间数据分布式生产与管理、地理空间数据网络分发与服务和基于位置的地理信息网络化服务的组成、结构和功能。初步建立了数字化、网络化和一体化的地理空间信息收集、处理、存储、管理、分发和应用的体系。  相似文献   

Impact of Land-use Patterns on Distributed Groundwater Recharge and Discharge——A Case Study of Westem Jilin, China     

Moiwo Juana Paul 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2006,16(3):229-235

The impact of land-use on distributed groundwater recharge and discharge in the western Jilin (WJ) was analyzed in this study. WJ is a transitional, semi-arid zone with a fragile, hydrological closed ecosystem in the Songhua River Basin (SRB). The research tool includes a seamlessly linked MODFLOW, WetSpass, the Seepage packages, and ArcGIS. The model calibration showed good agreement between simulated water table elevation and measured water table depths, while predicted groundwater discharge zones showed strong correlations with field occurrences of drainage systems and wetlands. Simulated averages for distributed recharge, water table elevation and groundwater drawdown were 377.42mm/yr, 194.43m, and 0.18m respectively. Forest vegetation showed the highest recharge, followed by agricultural farmlands, while open-water and other drainage systems constituted groundwater exit zones. When present land-use conditions were compared with the hypothetical natural pre-development scenario, an overall loss of groundwater recharge (24.09mm/yr) was observed, which for the project area is 18.05 × 10⁸m³. Groundwater abstraction seemed to be the cause of water table drawdown, especially in the immediate vicinities of the supply wells. An important issue of the findings was the ability of the hypothetical forest vegetation to protect, and hence sustain aquifer reserves and dependent ecosystems. The profound data capture capability of ArcGIS makes it particularly useful in spatio-temporal hydroecological modeling. Biography: Moiwo Juana PAUL (1967–), male, a native of Sierra Leone of West Africa, Ph.D. candidate, specialized in wetland ecology.  相似文献   

基于OpenLayers的在线地图服务融合系统研究     

曹雷 《测绘与空间地理信息》2021,44(1):116-118,121

当前网络中存在多种在线地图服务,既有面向大众日常使用的各大互联网公司发布的在线地图服务,如百度地图、腾讯地图等,也有偏向于专业开发人员使用的ESRI和超图公司的在线地图服务,同时还存在目前各企事业单位使用较多的天地图等服务。这些广泛使用的地图服务各有特点,适用于不同客户的具体使用场景和需求。在使用这些服务时,通常需要利用特定的API进行服务调用。若将这些不同来源的服务尽量整合成以统一的方式进行调用的方式,将大大减少不同场景下调用地图服务的开发成本,同时,也能丰富同一使用场景下可选的地图服务来源。  相似文献   

Constraining and enabling factors to using long-term climate information in decision-making     

Lindsey Jones  Clara Champalle  Sabrina Chesterman  Laura Cramer  Todd A. Crane 《Climate Policy》2013,13(5):551-572

We carry out a structured review of the peer-reviewed literature to assess the factors that constrain and enable the uptake of long-term climate information in a wide range of sectoral investment and planning decisions. Common applications of long-term climate information are shown to relate to urban planning and infrastructure, as well as flood and coastal management. Analysis of the identified literature highlights five categories of constraints: disconnection between users and producers of climate information, limitations of climate information, financial and technical constraints, political economy and institutional constraints and finally psycho-social constraints. Five categories of enablers to the uptake of long-term climate information in decision-making are also identified: collaboration and bridge work, increased accessibility of climate information, improvement in the underlying science, institutional reform and windows of opportunity for building trust.

Policy relevance

Our review suggests that stand-alone interventions aimed at promoting the uptake of climate information into decision-making are unlikely to succeed without genuine and sustained relationships between producers and users. We also highlight that not every decision requires consideration of long-term climate information for successful outcomes to be achieved. This is particularly the case in the context of developing countries, where the immediacy of development challenges means that decision makers often prioritize short-term interventions. Care should therefore be taken to ensure that information is targeted towards investments and planning decisions that are relevant to longer-term timescales.  相似文献   

太子河本溪城区段河流水生态系统健康评价     

于英潭  王首鹏  刘琳  邢芳芳  张朝星  钟达  赵文博  王俭 《气象与环境学报》2020,36(1):89-95

太子河作为本溪的主要河流,是本溪工业、农业、生活的主要水源,为了更好的了解太子河本溪城区段的水体情况,以太子河本溪城区段流域为研究对象,基于2017年的平水期（4月）、丰水期（8月）、枯水期（11月）18个监测断面的监测数据,结合太子河本溪城区段的实际情况和特点,利用层次分析法的评价指标体系,对太子河本溪城区段进行水生态系统健康评价。通过比较分析,最终以平水期的评价结果为主,丰水期和枯水期的评价结果为辅。结果表明：仅有22%的监测断面处于健康状态、56%的监测断面处于亚健康状态、22%的监测断面处于一般状态,说明太子河本溪城区段大部分流域处于亚健康状态,水生态系统退化,需要加强管理和治理保护。  相似文献   

水的生态服务功能研究进展及关键支撑技术   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

张诚  严登华  郝彩莲  秦天玲  王凌河 《水科学进展》2011,22(1):126-134

作为协调经济发展与生态保护的关键支撑技术,生态服务功能评价研究得到了相关研究者的广泛关注;由于水生态系统日益恶化,与水相关的生态服务功能研究成为生态系统服务功能研究中的热点.从水的生态服务功能内涵出发,对水的生态服务功能研究中的识别、评价方法及驱动机制等热点问题进行了阐述,并提出了水的广义与狭义的生态服务功能内涵和双层...  相似文献   

内陆河流域森林生态系统生态水文过程研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

程国栋  赵传燕  王瑶 《地球科学进展》2011,26(11):1125-1130

面对国家重大需求及生态水文学发展方向,指出内陆河流域森林生态系统生态水文过程研究的重要性。综述干旱区森林生态系统生态水文过程研究进展,同时总结该领域研究的不足,特别提出要加强森林生态系统融雪径流、壤中流和蒸散发的研究,旨在理解干旱区内陆河上游森林植被水源涵养功能,回答林业生态重大科学问题,同时以期推动内陆河流域森林生态...  相似文献   

青藏高原不同类型草地生态系统下土壤可培养细菌数量及多样性分布特征研究   总被引：8，自引：8，他引：0  

陈伟  张威  李师翁  王鹭  贠汉柏  伍修锟  胡平  杨轩  冯虎元  刘光琇 《冰川冻土》2011,33(6):1419-1426

以青藏高原北麓河不同类型草地生态系统下土壤为研究对象,研究了可培养细菌数量和多样性的季节性变化.结果显示研究区域可培养细菌数量为0.4×107～4.6×107 CFU.g-1,不同类型草地生态系统下可培养细菌具有明显的季节差异：高寒沼泽草甸和高寒沙化草原生态系统下土壤细菌在5月生物量最高,而高寒草甸生态系统下在7月有最...  相似文献   

Numerical study on spatially varying control parameters of a marine ecosystem dynamical model with adjoint method     

QI Ping  WANG Chunhui  LI Xiaoyan  LV Xianqing 《海洋学报(英文版)》2011,30(1):7-14

Based on the simulation of a marine ecosystem dynamical model in the Bohai Sea,the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea,chlorophyll data are assimilated to study the spatially varying control parameters (CPs) by using the adjoint method.In this study,the CPs at some grid points are selected as the independent CPs,while the CPs at other grid points can be obtained through linear interpolation with the independent CPs.The independent CPs are uniformly selected from each 30 × 30 area,and we confirm that the optimal influence radius is 1.2° by a twin experiment.In the following experiments,when only the maximum growth rate of phytoplankton (V m) is estimated by two given types of spatially varying CPs,the mean relative errors of V m are 1.22% and 0.94% while the decrease rates of the mean error of chlorophyll in the surface are 94.6% and 95.8%,respectively.When the other four CPs are estimated respectively,the results are also satisfactory,which indicates that the adjoint method has a strong ability of optimizing the prescribed CP with spatial variations.However,when all these five most important CPs are estimated simultaneously,the collocation of the changing trend of each parameter influences the estimation results remarkably.Only when the collocation of the changing trend of each parameter is consistent with the ecological mechanisms which influence the growth of the phytoplankton in marine ecosystem,could the five most important CPs be estimated more accurately.  相似文献