成因机理控制下的低电阻率油层发育特征及地质目标优选   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

杨春梅  张吉昌 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2009,39(2):328

通过建立低阻油层各种岩石物理成因与地质成因之间的关系,结合沉积环境、成岩作用、构造特征和成藏动力因素等综合分析低阻油层的发育特征,提出了5种具有典型意义的低阻油层有利勘探目标区带：（1）小规模、低幅度构造发育区,（2）天然水淹等构造运动活跃、流体非均质严重的区带,（3）岩性细、粘土矿物组合中蒙脱石含量高的区带,（4）弱水动力环境下砂泥岩薄互层发育区,（5）与火山碎屑沉积演化有关的黄铁矿等导电性矿物富集区。以上区带都是低阻油层的勘探目标优选区。由于钻井泥浆与地层水性质不同等侵入原因而造成的油、水层电性标准模糊则属于工程原因所导致的低阻。  相似文献   

隧道含水构造直流电阻率法超前探测研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

刘斌  李术才  李树忱  钟世航 《岩土力学》2009,30(10):3093-3101

含导水构造和岩溶裂隙水的探查是亟需研究和解决的关键问题。直流电阻率法以其对低阻体反映敏感、分辨率高等优点被引入到隧道掌子面前方含水构造的预报工作中。首先,推导出了无限全空间中球体含水构造直流电法超前探测的解析解公式,并在利用有限元数值方法进行正演分析的基础上,借助“比较法”将含隧道腔体的三维空间中超前探测视电阻率数据转换为无限全空间中的数据,并探讨了由MN电极附近电阻率不均匀所造成的干扰以及识别和去除这种干扰的方法。然后,设计了基于全空间球体含水构造超前探测解析公式的阻尼最小二乘反演方法,对隧道中多组球体含水构造模型进行了较为成功的反演。另外,探讨了其他形状的有限体积的含水构造超前探测异常规律,提出了“等效球体”的概念,亦在全空间球体含水构造超前探测解析公式的基础上设计了快速反演方法。最后,利用物理模型试验验证了有限元数值正演方法和阻尼最小二乘反演技术的可行性和有效性,为实际工程中含水构造的直流电法超前预报奠定了基础。  相似文献   

钉形水泥土双向搅拌桩加固软土地基的效果分析   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

朱志铎  刘松玉  席培胜  周礼红 《岩土力学》2009,30(7):2063-2068

针对水泥土搅拌桩应用中存在的问题,介绍了最新研制的钉形水泥土双向搅拌桩及其施工工艺。施工质量检验表明,钉形水泥土双向搅拌桩桩体质量好于常规水泥土搅拌桩,钉形水泥土双向搅拌桩单桩及复合地基承载力分别较常规水泥土搅拌桩的单桩及复合地基承载力有较大提高。通过对试验段的观测成果分析,论证了钉形水泥土双向搅拌桩加固软土地基优越的工程特性。  相似文献   

小波方法在地电场干扰处理中的分析研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

邱颖  席继楼 《地震》2009,29(2):57-63

该文在对地电场信号及地电阻率人工供电干扰信号的时频特征进行分析的基础上, 提出了小波域阈值滤波方法, 对地电场秒采样信号中叠加地电阻率人工供电干扰信号进行了分析和处理, 处理产生的误差在地电场观测的允许误差范围之内。  相似文献   

Determination of the 3D structure of an earthflow by geophysical methods: The case of Super Sauze, in the French southern Alps   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Myriam Schmutz  Roger Gurin  Pierre Andrieux  Olivier Maquaire 《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2009,68(4):500-507

In order to evaluate the risk associated by an earthflow to abruptly evolve into a torrential flow, the knowledge of its internal structure is necessary. Geotechnical methods are important to reach this goal. However, because of the rough topography associated with earthflows, their surface heterogeneities, and the spatial variations of the thickness of the potentially moving mass, non-intrusive geophysical methods offer a very useful tool that complements traditional geotechnical methods. We report the results of a comprehensive study covering a 150 m by 200 m area of the Super Sauze earthflow. This earthflow developed in black marls in the southern French Alps. Shallow electrical conductivity investigations, derived using low frequency domain electromagnetics, maps hidden gullies and crests and lateral variations of the clay and the water content within the first 5 m below the ground surface. Electrical resistivity tomography allows to extrapolate this information down to 10 m below the ground surface along selected transects. The vertical structure of the earthflow, down to the substratum, is defined precisely thanks to joint inversion of DC and TDEM vertical soundings along one profile: the flowing upper layer and the position of the substratum are clearly evidenced. Combining this geophysical datasets with geotechnical tests and drill holes, we provide an estimate of both the location and the volume of the potentially most dangerous areas of the earthflow.  相似文献   

Structural controls on the 1998 volcanic unrest at Iwate volcano: Relationship between a shallow, electrically resistive body and the possible ascent route of magmatic fluid     

Koki Aizawa  Yasuo Ogawa  Masaaki Mishina  Kosuke Takahashi  Shintaro Nagaoka  Nobumasa Takagi  Shin'ya Sakanaka  Takuya Miura   《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》2009,187(1-2):131-139

Magnetotelluric (MT) measurements were conducted at Iwate volcano, across the entirety of the mountain, in 1997, 1999, 2003, 2006, and 2007. The survey line was 18 km in length and oriented E–W, comprising 38 measurements sites. Following 2D inversion, we obtained the resistivity structure to a depth of 4 km. The surface resistive layer (~ several hundreds of meters thick) is underlain by extensive highly conductive zones. Based on drilling data, the bottom of the highly conductive zone is interpreted to represent the 200 °C isotherm, below which (i.e., at higher temperatures) conductive clay minerals (smectite) are rare. The high conductivity is therefore mainly attributed to the presence of hydrothermally altered clay. The focus of this study is a resistive body beneath the Onigajo (West-Iwate) caldera at depths of 0.5–3 km. This body appears to have impeded magmatic fluid ascent during the 1998 volcanic unrest, as inferred from geodetic data. Both tectonic and low-frequency earthquakes are sparsely distributed throughout this resistive body. We interpret this resistive body as a zone of old, solidified intrusive magma with temperatures in excess of 200 °C. Given that a similar relationship between a resistive body and subsurface volcanic activity has been suggested for Asama volcano, structural controls on subsurface magmatic fluid movement may be a common phenomenon at shallow levels beneath volcanoes.  相似文献   

Delineation of Shallow Subsurface Structure by Azimuthal Resistivity Sounding and Joint Inversion of VES-TEM Data: Case Study near Lake Qaroun, El Fayoum, Egypt     

Usama Massoud  Gad El Qady  Mohamed Metwaly  Fernando Santos 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2009,166(4):701-719

An azimuthal resistivity survey was conducted at the transition zone between the desert area and the cultivated land near Lake Qaroun, Egypt. This area has been affected by an east-west trending fault system as indicated from the surface geology. Apparent resistivity values were plotted along azimuth on a polar diagram. Resistivity anomalies, for most of the AB/2 values with long axes strike in a direction parallel to the contact between the desert and cultivated lands, indicate the presence of electrical macro-anisotropy, mainly due to the faulting effect, at this area. Vertical electrical soundings (VES) and transient electromagnetic (TEM) measurements were conducted at eight stations along a line that crosses the boundary between the desert and cultivated land. Joint inversion of VES-TEM data was successfully used for identification of the subsurface lithostratigraphic succession and demonstrated the effect of the fault zone on the investigated subsurface medium. Apparent anisotropy coefficients at all current electrode spacings were calculated, plotted against AB/2 values and compared with the geoelectrical cross section. The effect of the fault zone was detected at AB/2 spacings equal to 100 m and extended downward and is largely related to the depth of the fault, as indicated in the constructed cross section.  相似文献   

三维直流电场积分方程中奇异性的近似处理   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张金会  孙建国 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2009,39(5):923-928

直流电场积分方程的核函数是磁并矢格林函数,其数学表达式与电并矢格林函数的数学表达式完全不同。因此,在处理直流电场积分方程的奇异性时不能直接利用文献中针对电并矢格林函数所提出的奇异性消除公式。为了寻求处理磁并矢格林函数奇异性的有效途径,参考文献中针对电并矢格林函数的奇异性消除方法,提出了针对磁并矢格林函数的拟源并矢概念,并求出了当包围奇异点的小邻域为球体、立方体等不同形状时的拟源并矢。如果将这些拟源并矢代入到电场的积分方程中,可以得到只含有正常非奇异积分的数值计算方案。将这个计算方案用于实现关于直流电场的拟解析近似理论,则可以使三维直流电场的快速数值模拟成为可能。  相似文献   

多层介质点电流源磁场响应计算   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘云鹤  陈玉玲  翁爱华 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2009,39(5):918-922

介绍了点电流源层状介质模型磁电阻率法响应的模拟方法。由电流磁场的旋度公式出发,推导了多层介质中点电流源磁场的表达式,其为一个关于空间径向坐标和贝塞尔函数空间波数的二重积分。利用贝塞尔函数的性质可将该二重积分化为标准的贝塞尔积分,然后采用直接数值积分的方法计算该积分。在此过程中通过连分式展开加快积分求和的收敛速度。利用上述方法对海底天然气水合物模型点电流源产生的磁场进行了计算。模型计算结果表明,海底天然气水合物的存在能引起磁场较为明显的相对变化。  相似文献   

电阻率各向异性及在地震研究中的应用   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

朱涛  周建国  郝锦绮 《地球物理学进展》2009,24(3):871-878

地电阻率各向异性广泛存在地壳中,尤其是浅部.因地震、矿山开采、火山喷发以及大型地质构造运动会明显改变地应力场,从而导致裂隙优势排列及裂隙中充填的流体重新分布,最终导致明显的电阻率各向异性.通过监测其变化,不仅可研究和了解地应力场的动态演化过程,还可以作为预测地震,矿震、火山活动和灾害性地质构造运动的依据,并研究它们形成的物理过程和物理机制.本文从室内、野外实验和数值模拟方面对电阻率各向异性的研究进行了概述,阐述了其在地震监测预报研究中的应用.探讨了室内电阻率各向异性岩石实验研究的发展特点,提出了新手段--电成像技术实验研究岩石电阻率各向异性的思路,期望建立研究电阻率各向异性的阵列式观测系统.  相似文献