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本文针对吉林省的地质灾害类型及各类地质灾害的成因,分布及其危害进行了论述。对其防治对策进行了探讨,提出了切合本省实际的五项防治措施。 相似文献
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本文在等离子体准线性理论下研究了地球同步轨道附近哨声湍流对亚暴“种子电子”的波-电子共振相互作用. 当发生这种共振时,“种子电子”的动量分布函数经动量扩散而随时间演化,部分低能电子数减少了,而高能尾部分的相对论电子(能量大于1MeV)数增加了,说明“种子电子”得到了哨声湍流的有效加速,且哨声湍流的能量越高,其加速效率越高. 另外,哨声湍流的频率越低(或波数越小),共振电子的能量越高(或单位质量的动量越大);频率范围越宽,共振电子的能量范围越宽,被加速的电子数也越多. 磁层哨声湍流加速“种子电子” 大约在30h内就可以造成相对论电子数显著增加,这正好和大多数磁暴期间观测到的相对论电子通量的增长时间相当. 相似文献
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LIU Xiangwen YANG Guangming ZOU Huamin QU Jing & ZHAO Wenxia . Graduate School China University of Geosciences Wuhan China . Test Center China University of Geosciences Wuhan China . Physics Technology College Wuhan University Wuhan China . Test Center Zhongshan University Guangzhou China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2004,47(3)
Sakhaite was first discovered by Ostrovskaya, Pertsev and Nikitina at Siberia in the former Soviet Union. By using the X-ray diffraction technique, they proved that the crystal system of sakhaite was cubic (a = 1.464 nm), its possible space groups were Fm3m, F432, F43m, Fm3, F23, and its crystal chemical for-mula was Ca48Mg16(CO3)16(BO3)28Cl4(OH)8 4H2O[1]. Chichagov, Simonov and Belov studied the crystal structure of synthetic sakhaite and determined that its space group was F4132, … 相似文献
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北京市春夏季大气气溶胶的单颗粒分析表征 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
采集了北京市2000年春夏季大气气溶胶样品5个,采用扫描电镜X射线能谱技术分析大气气溶胶单颗粒约2500个。研究结果表明,沙尘期间,矿物尘是最主要的颗粒物种类,非沙尘期间,北京市大气气溶胶中主要检出矿物尘和含硫颗粒物。夏季随着颗粒物污染的加重,含硫颗粒物的数目百分数增加。是北京市大气颗粒物污染的重要特征。重点讨论了Ca-S颗粒、K-S颗粒和Ca-K-S颗粒三类典型含硫颗粒物的化学组成和粒径分布特征。数目可观的Ca-K-S颗粒以及其他硫酸盐颗粒的生成与相对湿度和云量等气象条件相关,这些颗粒物可能是云中过程的产物。减少SO2排放,减少含硫颗粒物,对于控制北京市的大气颗粒物浓度水平具有重要意义。 相似文献
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Total electron content (TEC) and foF2 ionosonde data obtained at Tucumán (26.9°S; 65.4°W) from April 1982 to March 1983 (high solar activity period) are analyzed to show the seasonal variation of TEC, NmF2 (proportional to square of foF2) and the equivalent slab thickness EST. Bimonthly averages of the monthly median for January–February, April–May, July–August and October–November have been considered to represent summer, autumn, winter and spring seasons, respectively. The results show that the higher values of TEC and maximum electron density of F2-layer NmF2 are observed during the equinoxes (semiannual anomaly). During daytime, both in TEC and in NmF2 the seasonal or winter anomaly can be seen. At nighttime, this effect is not observed. Also, the observed NmF2 values are used to check the validity of International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) to predict the seasonal variability of this parameter. In general, it is found that averaged monthly medians (obtained with the IRI model) overestimate averaged monthly median data for some hours of the day and underestimate for the other hours. 相似文献
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The polar cusps of the magnetosphere are key regions for the transfer of mass, momentum, and energy from the solar wind into the magnetosphere. Understaning these key regions and the dynamical interactions that occur there are fundamentally important to determining the physical nature of the magnetosphere. In this paper we try to summarize many of the conclusions reached in the papers of this special issue emphasizing the present concepts and definition of the cusp, what variations could be temporal structures and what could be spatial structures. We address the need for further measurements and the role of present and planned projects to address these needs. 相似文献
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Marcel Guillong Kathrin Hametner Eric Reusser Stephen A. Wilson Detlef Günther 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2005,29(3):315-331
New glass reference materials GSA-1G, GSC-1G, GSD-1G and GSE-1G have been characterised using a prototype solid state laser ablation system capable of producing wavelengths of 193 nm, 213 nm and 266 nm. This system allowed comparison of the effects of different laser wavelengths under nearly identical ablation and ICP operating conditions. The wavelengths 213 nm and 266 nm were also used at higher energy densities to evaluate the influence of energy density on quantitative analysis. In addition, the glass reference materials were analysed using commercially available 266 nm Nd:YAG and 193 nm ArF excimer lasers. Laser ablation analysis was carried out using both single spot and scanning mode ablation. Using laser ablation ICP-MS, concentrations of fifty-eight elements were determined with external calibration to the NIST SRM 610 glass reference material. Instead of applying the more common internal standardisation procedure, the total concentration of all element oxide concentrations was normalised to 100%. Major element concentrations were compared with those determined by electron microprobe. In addition to NIST SRM 610 for external calibration, USGS BCR-2G was used as a more closely matrix-matched reference material in order to compare the effect of matrix-matched and non matrix-matched calibration on quantitative analysis. The results show that the various laser wavelengths and energy densities applied produced similar results, with the exception of scanning mode ablation at 266 nm without matrix-matched calibration where deviations up to 60% from the average were found. However, results acquired using a scanning mode with a matrix-matched calibration agreed with results obtained by spot analysis. The increased abundance of large particles produced when using a scanning ablation mode with NIST SRM 610, is responsible for elemental fractionation effects caused by incomplete vaporisation of large particles in the ICP. 相似文献