基于土体中结构面的岩土工程问题探讨   总被引：10，自引：2，他引：10  

蒋建平  章杨松  罗国煜 《工程地质学报》2002,10(2):160-165

土体中也存在结构面，并且结构面的存在与很多的岩土问题有关。为使土体中的结构面受到足够的重视，本文就其中的几个主要岩土工程问题进行了探讨，它们是：结构面对土体力学性质的影响、土体结构面对土体破坏的控制作用、有时可尝试用离散元等模型分析土体变形、土体中结构面上水的渗流和污染物的运移、结构面上土体力学参数问题、土坡稳定性问题、土与结构物的相互作用问题、土体中结构面与环境岩土工程问题等。  相似文献   

闽江福州河段环境工程地质问题的评价研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

姚环  陈文庆 《工程地质学报》2002,10(2):166-171

江河环境工程地质问题是环境工程地质学研究的重要课题。江河沿岸环境地质条件是影响和决定沿江城市环境质量的重要背景 ;是控制和影响沿江河岸城市的环境容量和质量的重要因素。本文以闽江下游福州河段为例 ,概要评述了闽江福州河段的水动力条件和流水地质作用类型、强度等状况 ;分析研究了该河段的流水地质作用和地貌环境变化动态及其与沿江河岸人类各种工程建设活动的互相作用的特征和规律。对促进和提高沿江河岸人地系统和谐协调平衡发展水平 ,正确规划、预测和评价沿江河岸各类工程建设发展的经济和社会效益及其前景 ,都具有重要意义.  相似文献   

工程场地的特征与工程地质分区   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

方鸿琪  杨闽中 《工程地质学报》2002,10(3):244-247

工程场地与城市在空间尺度上相去甚远 ,但工程场地所具备的与环境行为相近的共性 ,使其属性分析可以推广应用到城市建设所面对的整个工程地质环境。从这一意义上说 ,工程场地是整个城市宏观工程地质环境的微观单元 ,众多微观单元的组合构成了环境的宏观总体。为此 ,工程场地的三大属性特性、适宜性、稳定性 ,可以作为城市工程地质环境分析中分析方法的基础。从工程场地分析推广到城市工程地质环境分析 ,还将有助于保证城市工程地质环境分析的定量化水平。  相似文献   

论滑坡分类   总被引：27，自引：5，他引：27  

刘广润  晏鄂川  练操 《工程地质学报》2002,10(4):339-342

在广泛查阅和总结国内外滑坡分类基础上 ,以滑坡监测预报与防治为目的 ,遵从滑坡活动各要素的地位与作用 ,根据分类体系的完备性需要 ,理清了已有各种滑坡分类的性质及其彼此间的关系 ,并对之进行了科学归纳、取舍和补充 ,建立了具有层次系统性的综合性滑坡分类体系。为建立滑坡监测预报地质模型体系奠定了基础 ,并有助于对滑坡活动的全面研究。  相似文献   

三峡工程库区巴东县赵树岭滑坡稳定性与防治对策研究   总被引：16，自引：2，他引：16  

唐辉明  马淑芝等 《地球科学》2002,27(5):621-625

赵树岭滑坡是三峡工程库区的重要滑坡，其稳定性直接关系到巴东新县城沿江大道的安全，并对新县城土地利用意义重大。在阐述赵树岭滑坡基本特征的基础上，运用水岩耦合三维有限元数值方法模拟了滑坡稳定性，预测了三峡水库蓄水后滑坡稳定性发展趋势和渗流特征。研究表明，水库蓄水及水位波动是影响滑坡稳定性的主要因素，三峡水库蓄水后，滑坡将发生局部失稳，必须加以治理，提出了滑坡防治的原则与对策。  相似文献   

高速公路桥梁灌注桩工程成本价值分析     

张辉  秦玉斌 《安徽地质》2002,12(4):293-297

本文以桥目标成本管理等现代化管理方法,系统地指出了降低灌注桩工程成本的途径.对于桥梁灌注桩以外的企业的经营活动同样具有重要的指导意义.  相似文献   

Analysis of Post-Failure Slope Movements within the Framework of Hazard and Risk Analysis     

Vaunat  Jean  Leroueil  Serge 《Natural Hazards》2002,26(1):81-107

The paper first recalls briefly a methodological framework to assess landslide hazard and risk analysis in terms of predisposition, triggering andrevealing factors. This framework, that reflects the mechanisms involved in the landslide, is based on the Geotechnical Characterisation of slope movements proposed by Vaunat et al. (1994) and Leroueil et al. (1996). The Geotechnical Characterisation can be schematized by a 3-D matrix having the following axes: types of movement; types ofmaterial; and the four stages of movement: pre-failure, failure, post-failure andreactivation. For each relevant element of this 3-D matrix, there is a characterisationsheet including: the controlling laws and parameters, the predisposition factors, thetriggering or aggravating factors, the revealing factors and the consequences of the movement. The paper focuses afterwards on the post-failure stage, which generallyis the most destructive, and on the mobility index. It is shown that this laterindex can be described as the product of sub-indices associated with failure, brittlenessof the material, ability of the soil to develop pore pressures, geometry of the moving soil mass and characteristics of the terrain. It is also shown how these aspectscan be incorporated into the Geotechnical characterisation of slope movements. This seems to provide a rational basis for examining slope movements at the post-failure stage and assessing associated risks.  相似文献   

Large-scale mass wasting in ancient volcanic materials     

Vicki Moon  Christine J Simpson 《Engineering Geology》2002,64(1):41-64

Giant landslides are significant hazards associated with many active volcanic edifices. We describe a similar feature on ancient (>4 Ma) volcanic deposits subject to active tectonism. The landslide is approximately 3 km long by 1 km wide, with an estimated depth of 400 m. Side margins are straight and parallel, mimicking regional structure; narrow valleys incised down these margins provide low-strength side-release surfaces. Between these is a giant slump consisting of at least four, largely intact, discrete blocks that have moved down-dip a distance of >500 m. A series of flows with areal extents ranging from 0.01 to 0.5 km² extends from the front of the failure. The materials represent an eroded sequence of andesite flows on the flanks of a stratovolcano. These have undergone two phases of hydrothermal alteration, and are deeply weathered to low-density (1040±80 kg m⁻³) silt (59%) and clay (35%) materials with strength properties typical of weathered silts (c=26±3 kN m⁻²; φ=42±8°). The size and location of this landslide preclude detailed geotechnical investigation of the failure. The worth of numerical stability analysis as an alternative technique in assessing the nature of the failure and hence the risk it poses to nearby communities is investigated. Sensitivity analysis identified likely conditions under which initial failure may have occurred: analyses for sensitivity to strength and earthquake acceleration needed conversion to critical combinations (F=1.0) of water table and strength/acceleration to remove the overriding influence of water table fluctuations. Failure was likely initiated either by a high water table level (83-84%), or some combination of intensity VII-IX earthquake waves together with water table heights of 40-80%. A general hazard assessment indicates that the risk associated with creep and catastrophic failure of the main mass is small, whereas the risk from flow failures near the toe of the landslide may be high. Important parameters (hydrological regime, flow failure morphology, age of initiation, and rates of movement) requiring closer investigation are identified. Development of a model is crucial to assessing the hazard associated with a feature such as that described here. With limited resources, a detailed stability analysis is a powerful tool as an initial stage in hazard analysis.  相似文献   

Evaluating Earthquake-Triggered Landslide Hazard at the Basin Scale Through Gis in the Upper Sele River Valley   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Domenico Capolongo  Alberto Refice  Joseph Mankelow 《Surveys in Geophysics》2002,23(6):595-625

To evaluate techniques for assessing earthquake-triggeredlandslide hazard in the Southern Apennines (Italy), a GIS-based analysis was used to modelseismically induced slope deformations. Geological, geotechnical, geomorphological and seismologicaldata were integrated into a standard earthquake slope stability model. The model assessed thelandslide potential that existed during the 1980 Irpinian earthquake in the Upper Sele river Valley.The standard Newmark displacement analysis, widely used for predicting the location of shallowunstable slopes, does not take into account errors and/or uncertainties in the input parameters.Therefore, a probabilistic Newmark displacement analysis technique has been used. Probabilistictechniques allow, e.g., an estimation of the probability that a slope will exceed a certain criticalvalue of Newmark displacement. In our probabilistic method, a Monte-Carlo based simulation modelis used in conjunction with a GIS. The random variability of geotechnical data is modelled by probabilitydensity functions (pdfs), while for the seismic input three different regression laws wereconsidered. Input probability distributions are sampled and the resulting values input into empiricalrelations for estimating Newmark displacement. The outcome is a map in which to each siteis related a spatial probability distribution for the expected displacement in response to seismic loading.Results of the experiments show a high grade of uncertainty in the application of the Newmarkanalysis both for the deterministic and probabilistic approach in a complex geological setting suchas the high Sele valley, quite common in the Southern Apennines. They show a strong dependence onthe reliability of the spatial data used in input, so that, when the model is used at basin scale,results are strongly influenced by local environmental condition (e.g., topography, lithology, groundwatercondition) and decrease the model performance.  相似文献   

导管架式海洋平台结构阻尼隔振体系及其减振效果分析   总被引：10，自引：2，他引：10  

欧进萍  龙旭  肖仪清  吴斌 《地震工程与工程振动》2002,22(3):115-122

导管架式海洋平台结构是当前应用最广的一种平台结构形式。本文研究导管架式海洋平台结构阻尼隔振体系及其减振效果。针对导管架式海洋平台结构的型式与特点，为了充分发挥阻尼器的耗能减振作用，提出了在平台结构导管架端帽和甲板之间设置柔性阻尼层的新型阻尼隔振方案。针对渤海JZ20－2MUQ平台结构，建立了海洋平台结构阻尼隔振体系简化计算模型，研究了隔振层参数与结构阻尼比的关系以及它们对结构整体和隔振层层间相对位移的控制效果；进行了多种冰荷载工况和地震工况的数值模拟。结果表明，阻尼隔振方案是导管架式海洋平台结构的一种有效的减振措施。  相似文献