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王伟  杨少敏  谭凯  赵斌  黄勇  张彩红  王迪晋 《大地测量与地球动力学》2014,34(3):75-80

?????й??????????????1999~2013????й?????????????????2009~2013???GPS????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????1????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????й????????????????????????????????????????????????Σ?77°E?????????45×10^-9/a???????????Σ?86°E?????????10×10^-9/a;2)???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????50~60??×10^-9/a??????????????40~50??×10^-9/a????????GPS?????????????10~15??mm/a??????????????????;3)?????????????????????????????????38°N?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????к?????????????????????????????????????????????Σ??????????????10~20??×10^-9/a???????????????;4)??????????????????????????????????б??Σ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????40×10^-9/a??5)????????????????λ???????????78°E??????????????30×10^-9/a??  相似文献   

Displacement trends of slow-moving landslides: Classification and forecasting   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

Leonardo Cascini  Michele Calvello  Giuseppe Maria Grimaldi 《山地科学学报》2014,11(3):592-606

A framework is proposed to characterize and forecast the displacement trends of slow-moving landslides, defined as the reactivation stage of phenomena in rocks or fine-grained soils, with movements localized along one or several existing shear surfaces. The framework is developed based on a thorough analysis of the scientific literature and with reference to significant reported case studies for which a consistent dataset of continuous displacement measurements is available. Three distinct trends of movement are defined to characterize the kinematic behavior of the active stages of slow-moving landslides in a velocity-time plot： a linear trend-type I, which is appropriate for stationary phenomena; a convex shaped trend-type II, which is associated with rapid increases in pore water pressure due to rainfall, followed by a slow decrease in the groundwater level with time; and a concave shaped trend-type III, which denotes a non-stationary process related to the presence of new boundary conditions such as those associated with the development of a newly formed local slip surface that connects with the main existing slip surface. Within the proposed framework, a model is developed to forecast future displacements for active stages of trend-type II based on displacement measurements at the beginning of the stage. The proposed model is validated by application to two case studies.  相似文献   

煤矿开采覆岩移动规律的相似模拟研究     

马荣振  徐良骥  高双 《东北测绘》2014,(2):214-216

以淮南某煤矿1811（1）工作面为研究对象,利用相似材料模拟试验,分析受采动影响的上覆岩层的移动变形规律。结果表明,受采动影响的上覆岩层依次发育成冒落带、裂隙带、弯曲带。通过对下沉、倾斜、曲率、水平移动、水平变形五个参数的动态曲线分析,总结上覆岩层的力学状态。  相似文献   

A General Framework for Using Aggregation in Visual Exploration of Movement Data     

《The Cartographic journal》2013,50(1):22-40

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开采沉陷对建筑物影响的分析     

冯宝红 《测绘科学》2013,38(4):170-171,174

本文利用顾桥煤矿1111(3)综采面地表移动观测站数据处理成果和外业数码相片,分析了建构筑物破坏现象产生的机理及其影响规律。得出相关结论:建筑物产生破坏和变形主要原因是曲率和水平变形的影响,在其作用下,采动区地面建筑物砖墙上出现裂缝。通过分析采动区上方建筑物砖墙上裂缝的分布规律,为合理加固和维修措施提供了依据,从而可以在建筑物受采动影响以前,根据地表变形预计的结果,对建筑物采取适当的措施,来减小地表变形对其影响。  相似文献   

Study of the attentive behavior of novice and expert map users using eye tracking   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

K. Ooms  P. De Maeyer  V. Fack 《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(1):37-54

The aim of this paper is to gain better understanding of the way map users read and interpret the visual stimuli presented to them and how this can be influenced. In particular, the difference between expert and novice map users is considered. In a user study, the participants studied four screen maps which had been manipulated to introduce deviations. The eye movements of 24 expert and novice participants were tracked, recorded, and analyzed (both visually and statistically) based on a grid of Areas of Interest. These visual analyses are essential for studying the spatial dimension of maps to identify problems in design. In this research, we used visualization of eye movement metrics (fixation count and duration) in a 2D and 3D grid and a statistical comparison of the grid cells. The results show that the users’ eye movements clearly reflect the main elements on the map. The users’ attentive behavior is influenced by deviating colors, as their attention is drawn to it. This could also influence the users’ interpretation process. Both user groups encountered difficulties when trying to interpret and store map objects that were mirrored. Insights into how different types of map users read and interpret map content are essential in this fast-evolving era of digital cartographic products.  相似文献   

Interpreting the Civil Rights Movement: Place,Memory, and Conflict     

《The Professional geographer》2013,65(4):660-671

Produced over the past decade, monuments and museums dedicated to the Civil Rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s have desegregated America's memorial landscape. Tracing a broad arc across the US South, the material elements of this landscape — historic markers, monuments, parks, registered buildings, and museums — present a distinct challenge to representations of an elite, white American past. This challenge, however, is offered in a distinctly gendered manner, inasmuch as the role of women in organizing and leading the movement is obscured. Further, the historical narratives concretized at these sites are mediated by conventions associated with civil rights historiography and the tourism development industry. The result is a complex, sometimes ironic landscape. Via the narratives they embed and the crowds they attract, these landscapes are co-constitutive with contemporary politics of representing the past in the United States. This paper offers an overview of current memorial practices and representations of the Civil Rights movement found at the country's major memorial landscapes.  相似文献   

Movement similarity assessment using symbolic representation of trajectories     

Somayeh Dodge  Patrick Laube  Robert Weibel 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(9):1563-1588

This article describes a novel approach for finding similar trajectories, using trajectory segmentation based on movement parameters (MPs) such as speed, acceleration, or direction. First, a segmentation technique is applied to decompose trajectories into a set of segments with homogeneous characteristics with respect to a particular MP. Each segment is assigned to a movement parameter class (MPC), representing the behavior of the MP. Accordingly, the segmentation procedure transforms a trajectory to a sequence of class labels, that is, a symbolic representation. A modified version of edit distance called normalized weighted edit distance (NWED) is introduced as a similarity measure between different sequences. As an application, we demonstrate how the method can be employed to cluster trajectories. The performance of the approach is assessed in two case studies using real movement datasets from two different application domains, namely, North Atlantic Hurricane trajectories and GPS tracks of couriers in London. Three different experiments have been conducted that respond to different facets of the proposed techniques and that compare our NWED measure to a related method.  相似文献   

Slope-failure Analysis and Classification: Review of a Century of Effort     

《自然地理学》2013,34(3):216-247

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黑山煤田构造控煤作用与赋煤规律     

袁伟  宋崇宇  李宏  李朋辉 《西部资源》2013,(1):72-75

在分析黑山煤田区域构造背景和勘查资料的基础上,论述了构造运动对煤层赋存的控制作用,并以三种控煤构造组合形式揭示了本区的基本赋煤规律。聚煤期同沉积构造控制着含煤性在空间上的变化;印支期NWW向褶皱对煤层的赋存起着关键的控制作用;喜山晚期张性和走滑断层,破坏了煤层的连续性,并控制了煤田东、西部残留煤系的埋藏深度。逆冲——褶皱和断裂——单斜式控煤构造组合中,逆断层上盘煤层抬升而利于勘查开采,但规模有限;褶皱——断裂式控煤构造组合中,复式向斜之次级背斜区,煤系上覆地层受剥蚀,煤层埋藏较浅,为主要的有利勘查区。  相似文献