Statistics on the sizes and internal structures of rainshowers     

R. R. Rogers  K. J. Keen  A. P. Schwartz 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1983,121(1):133-166

A large sample of radar reflectivity data from essentially a full summer of operation was analyzed to determine the horizontal extents and internal structure of rain areas observed at altitude levels from 2 to 10 km. Results are given on the size distributions of individual cells or patches defined by reflectivity thresholds approximately 4 dBz apart, on the dependence of mean size on altitude and reflectivity threshold, and on the interior structure of the patches as characterized by the number and sizes of higher-threshold patches contained in each echo. In a more detailed analysis of internal structure, the data were restricted to convective echoes in which certain prescribed reflectivities, ranging from about 30 to 50 dBz, were exceeded. It was found that the dependence of mean quantities, such as patch area, on reflectivity and altitude could be approximately described by simple functions, but that the scatter of observations about the mean was usually large.  相似文献   

论中国含油气区的构造环境性质、分区及其成油气专属性   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

陶明信 《地球科学进展》2001,16(6):746-754

在前中生代,形成了华北、扬子和塔里木等较大的海相及海陆交互相含油气区（盆地）,构造格架呈南北分异。经海西-印支运动,形成统一的中国大陆板块,且整体构造格架演变为东西分异。根据盆地结构、构造变形样式、岩浆活动、地温场、壳幔结构及壳幔连通程度等方面的特征,论述了中、新生代中国含油气区的大地构造环境性质与含油气特征。据此划分出 4个具有不同构造环境性质的含油气区：①东部裂谷伸展区,其西带为华夏裂谷系,以产下第三系和白垩系原油为主,东带为大陆架裂谷系,以产下第三系煤型气为主;②中部克拉通构造稳定区,以产古生界天然气为主;③西北构造反转区,含油气层系较多,油气成因类型也多样;④特提斯碰撞-走滑区,构造变形复杂,部分地区具有较好的油气资源前景。进一步讨论了油气形成的"构造环境专属性"问题。  相似文献   

不同地球化学景观区的化探方法及实例   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

禹斌  李惠  张国义  张连发 《地质找矿论丛》2005,20(Z1):182-186

总结了最近20多年来化探在找矿过程中起到的重要作用,重点介绍了不同地球化学景观条件下最佳化探找矿方法及实例,为以后的找矿工作提供切实可行的方法,从而达到快速、经济、效果显著的目的.  相似文献   

猪野泽记录的季风边缘区全新世中期 气候环境演化历史^*   总被引：4，自引：16，他引：4  

隆浩  王乃昂  李育  马海州  赵强  程弘毅  黄银洲 《第四纪研究》2007,27(3):371-381

通过季风边缘区石羊河古终端湖猪野泽QTL剖面年代学及沉积物粒度、碳酸盐、有机碳、碳氮比和有机质稳定同位素等多项气候代用指标的综合分析,建立了季风边缘区9~3cal.kaB.P. 的古气候演化序列。结果表明,9cal.kaB.P. 到7.8cal.kaB.P. 期间,流域的水分条件和温度逐渐上升,植被状况好转,此时气候逐渐转暖湿;而在7.8~7.5cal.kaB.P. 出现了显著的百年尺度的干旱事件,沉积物主要以砂质沉积为主,此时湖泊生产力显著下降;全新世期间最为暖湿的气候适宜期出现在7.5~5.0cal.kaB.P.;约5.0cal.kaB.P. 以来,该区域出现了较为明显的干旱化趋势。另外,对猪野泽地区的白碱湖的湖泊地貌学和年代学研究表明该区域在7.5~5.0cal.kaB.P. 出现了3次高湖面,并且湖岸堤时序变化指示了全新世后半期湖泊逐渐退缩的过程进而指示该区域出现了显著的干旱化趋势。  相似文献   

森林沼泽景观区区域化探新、旧方法技术应用效果对比     

王会锋  彭立华  王晓云  安兴  陈恩科 《陕西地质》2007,25(2):44-53

自森林沼泽景观区1∶20万区域化探工作开展以来,各个单位、不同阶段工作方法技术各有不同,工作效果不明显。中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所近年来通过研究制定了新的工作方法技术,通过应用取得了较好的效果,为此本文仅以内蒙古一二五公里幅1∶20万区域化探新、旧方法技术的应用效果对比进行初步探讨。  相似文献   

桂西岩溶堆积型铝土矿地质异常分析及基于GIS的找矿有利地段圈定     

何海洲  张起钻 《矿产与地质》2007,21(4):436-439

桂西岩溶堆积型铝土矿床受地层岩性、构造、岩溶地貌、气候与水文等因素控制。通过对岩溶堆积型铝土矿床地质异常的分析和识别,利用G IS技术圈定铝土矿找矿的有利地段,并预测其资源潜力。  相似文献   

高原湿地纳帕海自然保护区功能区分区初探     

徐守国  郭辉军  田昆 《湿地科学与管理》2007,3(1):27-29

高原湿地保护区具有自己独特的生态结构特征,其功能区分区不应照搬传统的3级规划模式。本文通过对纳帕海湿地保护区功能区分区的特点、现状以及存在问题的分析,提出了适合纳帕海保护区湿地特征的分区模式。  相似文献   

典型岩溶流域不同地貌类型景观结构分析——以云南小江流域为例     

杨平恒  高彦芳  吴月霞 《云南地理环境研究》2007,19(4):103-109

利用2003年小江流域的TM影像，结合实地调查，再根据流域地质分布和地貌发育情况，将流域地貌类型划分为岩溶地貌和非岩溶地貌两个一级类型景观，在此基础上，根据地貌发育程度结合高程情况，将岩溶区又划分为6个岩溶景观，非岩溶地貌分为两个二级类型景观。应用景观生态学原理，并通过Fragstats 3．3软件在流域尺度上计算了一些相关指标。结果表明：岩溶区的景观生态特征总体上体现了其生态环境的特殊性和脆弱性，地表水资源溃乏，土层薄、土壤资源零星分布且易流失，造成未利用地面积大，石漠化现象严重，土地利用程度低的特点。非岩溶区景观生态由于耕地和林地占绝对优势，石漠化面积少，香农多样性指数和均匀度低，景观的异质性较低，结构较为简单。  相似文献   

Approximation of interfacial properties in multiphase porous medium systems     

J.E. McClure  D. Adalsteinsson  C. Pan  W.G. Gray  C.T. Miller 《Advances in water resources》2007

We investigate the estimation of interfacial areas, curvatures, and common curve lengths in multiphase porous medium systems. Algorithms are developed to obtain estimates of these quantities based upon a variety of potential data sources and estimation approaches. The accuracy of the derived approximations are evaluated as a function of the data type and resolution of the data. The methods advanced improve upon standard approaches now in use and show excellent accuracy at resolutions on the order of five lattice points per minimum radius of curvature of the object being resolved. Finally, we suggest a promising class of extensions that could lead to further improvements in the accuracy of such methods.  相似文献   

Peak runoff contributing area as hydrological signature of the probability distribution of floods     

Mauro Fiorentino  Salvatore Manfreda  Vito Iacobellis 《Advances in water resources》2007

For the analysis of hydrological extremes and particularly in flood prediction, deeper investigation is needed on the relative effects of different hydrological processes acting at the basin scale in different hydroclimatic areas of the world. In this framework, the theoretical derivation of flood distribution shows a great potential for development and knowledge advancement. In addition, another promising path of investigation is represented by the use of distributed hydrological models via simulation modelling (including Monte Carlo, discrete event and continuous simulation). In this paper results of a theoretically derived flood frequency distribution are analyzed and compared with the results of a simulation scheme that uses a distributed hydrological model (DREAM) in cascade with a rainfall generator (IRP). The numerical simulation allows the reproduction of a large number of extreme events and provides insight into the main control for flood generation mechanisms with particular emphasis to the peak runoff contributing areas, highlighting the relevance of soil texture and morphology in different climatic environments. The proposed methodology is applied here to the Agri and the Bradano basin, in Southern Italy.  相似文献