星子牛屎墩韧性剪切带的特征及其意义          下载免费PDF全文

杨帆  宋传中  任升莲  李加好  韩建军  刘国厅 《地质科学》2016,(3):732-747

出露于鄱阳湖小岛的星子牛屎墩剪切带是一条小型的、北北东向延伸的走滑韧性剪切带,野外和显微镜下的观察和分析表明其为左行剪切。镜下石英和长石的显微构造特征及二长石温度计计算获得剪切带的变形温度为504℃～530℃。锆石U-Pb年龄测试得到剪切带的走滑活动时代为中侏罗世,属于太平洋构造域,推测与郯庐断裂带为同期的构造产物, 是郯庐断裂系的一部分,代表中生代深部基底的走滑活动特征,而该基底韧性剪切带出露地表是受庐山变质核杂岩隆升作用的结果。  相似文献   

Titanium‐in‐biotite thermometry in porphyry copper systems: Challenges to application of the thermometer     

Mohsen Rezaei  Alireza Zarasvandi 《Resource Geology》2020,70(2):157-168

Empirical geothermometer dealing with Ti solubility in the Fe‐Mg biotites was originally proposed for biotites in graphitic, peraluminous metapelites containing ilmenite or rutile that equilibrated roughly at 4–6 kbar. Given that biotites are abundant in the porphyry copper systems, this geothermometer has frequently been used for the determination of magmatic–hydrothermal temperatures in the porphyry copper systems. Common associations of porphyry copper deposits (PCDs), that is, low Al content of biotite, biotite chloritization (causes the biotite to become more magnesian and to lose Ti), and biotite formation by amphibole replacement, as well as disequilibrium, local equilibrium, or re‐equilibration of biotites, especially through potassic alteration, may provide significant uncertainty in the temperatures estimated a by Ti‐in‐biotite geothermometer. In addition, besides the calibration range of thermometer for pressure (400–600 MPa), the temperatures of major sulfide precipitation in PCDs (>~400°C) does not fit with the temperature range of thermometer calibration (480–800°C). Worth noting, as confirmed by fluid inclusion data in the Sarkuh PCD, regardless of presence of mineralogical requirements, obtained temperatures of sulfide mineralization using Ti in biotite thermometer could be overestimated. This may be due to the difference between general conditions of sulfide mineralization and calibration range of Ti in the biotite thermometer for pressure and temperature, as well as the metaluminous nature of biotites in PCDs.  相似文献   

阿尔泰造山带内韧性剪切带的显微、超显微构造和变形机制     

张进江  曲国胜 《现代地质》1993,7(3):293-302

阿尔泰造山带的剪切带中发育大量S-C糜棱岩,其内云母产生云母鱼和扭折构造并发生边界重结晶。长石发生不同性质的系列变形,并以出熔成核为主的动态重结晶为主要变形机制,同时伴有强烈的扩散作用,属Naborrow-Herring蠕变。石英的变形呈条带状并发生完全的旋转和边界迁移动态重结晶。石英晶内变形以位错运动和动态恢复为主,形成亚颗粒构造及动态重结晶,以致产生应变弱化和超塑性变形,定量分析确定的石英变形机制主要为低温幂指数蠕变。  相似文献   

华北克拉通兴城早白垩世玄武玢岩锆石、金红石地球化学特征及其地质意义     

何登洋  邱昆峰  张莲  于皓丞  杨泽宇 《岩石矿物学杂志》2020,39(6):735-750

华北克拉通在中生代时期发生大规模的岩石圈减薄,伴生的早白垩世火山岩为研究克拉通破坏提供了窗口,但其中镁铁质火山岩成因和岩浆源区性质的争议,制约了对克拉通破坏机制和中生代岩石圈减薄结束时间的认识。本文用激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子质谱（LA-ICP-MS）方法对兴城玄武玢岩中的锆石、金红石进行了系统的微量元素分析,以揭示岩浆源区性质及其演化,并进一步探讨了华北克拉通中生代岩石圈减薄的机制和结束时间。锆石t_Ti温度计计算结果表明,兴城玄武玢岩锆石结晶温度为695~779℃,平均温度为730℃,说明玄武玢岩可能起源于俯冲带地幔楔交代橄榄岩。微量元素分析结果显示,锆石富集HREE,LREE与HREE分异明显,Nb、Ti亏损,Th、U和Hf相对富集,Ce、Eu呈不同程度的正、负异常;金红石Nb、Ti、Hf等高场强元素呈不同程度富集,Sr明显亏损,无明显的Ce、Eu异常。微量元素特征也显示玄武玢岩岩浆起源于岩石圈地幔交代橄榄岩,后期经历了氧化作用和分离结晶作用。结合区域内相关地质资料,认为兴城玄武玢岩岩浆为古老岛弧型岩浆。华北克拉通中生代岩石圈减薄的结束时间可约束到早白垩世晚期（约105 Ma）,高角度俯冲的古太平洋板块回撤为华北克拉通岩石圈减薄的一级动力学机制,热化学侵蚀或拆沉为二级机制。  相似文献   

四川甲基卡两类锂辉石矿体共存机制及其找矿意义   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

杨岳清  王登红  刘善宝  刘丽君  王成辉  郭唯明 《地质学报》2020,94(1):287-302

甲基卡已成为我国最大的硬岩型锂资源基地,目前已查明数个超大型锂辉石矿床,其矿床工业类型主要为花岗伟晶岩型,但在近几年对深部锂矿产的勘查中,除了继续发现有花岗伟晶岩型矿体外,还发现一种粒度明显偏细的锂矿石,野外称之为细晶岩,但经室内认真观察表明,它们具有非常典型的花岗结构,锂辉石在其中以自形—半自形晶较均匀分布,含量在5%～22%,长石包括微斜长石和钠长石,结合其他工作确定,这应是在我国首次发现的富锂辉石碱长花岗岩。在含矿脉体中,它和富锂辉石的花岗伟晶岩密切伴生,但形成时间较晚。在一些矿床（段）中,碱长花岗岩型矿石中的锂储量还明显高过花岗伟晶岩型。花岗伟晶岩型和花岗岩型锂辉石矿共伴生,这在国内也是首例,其特殊的成岩成矿作用与三叠纪末松潘 甘孜造山带中构造 岩浆 穹窿体的形成有密切的成因联系,它使含矿花岗伟晶岩和花岗岩仅集中发育于一定的接触变质带中,并相伴生产出。这一发现,不仅丰富了甲基卡地区锂矿石类型,也为花岗伟晶岩和花岗岩成岩成矿作用理论的深入探讨提供了非常好的实验基地。  相似文献   

大别山同剥露刘家洼杂岩体角闪石、长石的矿物化学   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

艾晓玲  马昌前 《矿物学报》2000,20(3):213-219

刘家洼岩体是一个碰撞后的侵入杂岩体.它是在大别造山带中生代的高压-超高压变质岩剥露过程中侵位的.本文通过对刘家洼杂岩体角闪石、长石矿物化学的研究,揭示岩体形成时的温度为730～810℃,而结晶压力变化于6.6×108～2.2×108Pa之间,表明在该岩体形成过程中,经历了明显的剥露作用.这些认识对揭示超高压榴辉岩快速折返及剥露过程提供了有意义的信息.  相似文献   

Bioturbation and erosion rates along the soil-hillslope conveyor belt,part 2: Quantification using an analytical solution of the diffusion–advection equation     

Andrea Román-Sánchez  Ana Laguna  Tony Reimann  Juan Vicente Giráldez  Adolfo Peña  Tom Vanwalleghem 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2019,44(10):2066-2080

Particles on soil-mantled hillslopes are subject to downslope transport by erosion processes and vertical mixing by bioturbation. Both are key processes for understanding landscape evolution and soil formation, and affect the functioning of the critical zone. We show here how the depth–age information, derived from feldspar-based single grain post-infrared infrared stimulated luminescence (pIRIR), can be used to simultaneously quantify erosion and bioturbation processes along a hillslope. In this study, we propose, for the first time, an analytical solution for the diffusion–advection equation to calculate the diffusivity constant and erosion–deposition rates. We have fitted this model to age–depth data derived from 15 soil samples from four soil profiles along a catena located under natural grassland in the Santa Clotilde Critical Zone Observatory, in the south of Spain. A global sensitivity analysis was used to assess the relative importance of each model parameter in the output. Finally, the posterior probability density functions were calculated to evaluate the uncertainty in the model parameter estimates. The results show that the diffusivity constant at the surface varies from 11.4 to 81.9 mm² a^-1 for the hilltop and hill-base profile, respectively, and between 7.4 and 64.8 mm² a^-1 at 50 cm depth. The uncertainty in the estimation of the erosion–deposition rates was found to be too high to make a reliable estimate, probably because erosion–deposition processes are much slower than bioturbation processes in this environment. This is confirmed by a global sensitivity analysis that shows how the most important parameters controlling the age–depth structure in this environment are the diffusivity constant and regolith depth. Finally, we have found a good agreement between the soil reworking rates proposed by earlier studies, considering only particle age and depth, and the estimated diffusivity constants. The soil reworking rates are effective rates, corrected for the proportion of particles actually participating in the process. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

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何案华  赵刚  薛娜  王军  郭藐西  郭柏林  付子忠 《大地测量与地球动力学》2009,29(4):51-54

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翡翠的矿物组成对其质量的影响     

朱薇珊  黄作良  寇大明 《国土资源》2000,(2)

翡翠的质量主要取决于它的颜色和结构,就颜色而言,主要取决于其中的矿物组成和化学成分。翡翠主要由辉石族矿物、闪石族矿物、长石族矿物等组成。其中辉石族的矿物如硬玉、霓石、钠铬辉石、钙铁辉石,它们的存在和数量的多少及化学成分的变化对翡翠的质量影响很大。另外,闪石族矿物使翡翠的颜色偏暗,部分飘蓝花,直接影响翡翠的质量。  相似文献   

陕南光石沟伟晶岩型铀矿床中长石矿物化学初步研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

冯张生 《化工矿产地质》2012,34(2):71-76

以光石沟伟晶岩型铀矿床中相关伟晶岩中的长石为研究对象,开展系统的矿物化学电子探针研究,结果显示其中的斜长石都属于更长石、钠长石,碱性长石均为透长石,运用二长石温度计计算出了四种类型伟晶岩的结晶温度。通过研究,认为4种类型伟晶岩具有岩浆演化关系,从不含矿黑云母伟晶岩-含矿黑云母伟晶岩-二云母伟晶岩-白云母伟晶岩,随着伟晶岩岩浆演化程度的增高,成岩结晶温度不断降低,岩浆逐渐向酸性演化,同时由于黑云母等富氟矿物的产出,导致晶质铀矿的沉淀而富集成矿。  相似文献