藏北地区三种时序NDVI重建方法与应用分析   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

宋春桥  游松财  柯灵红  刘高焕 《地球信息科学学报》2011,13(1):133-143

遥感植被指数时间序列数据集,已广泛应用于陆地生态环境变化监测与模拟、植被覆盖动态变化分析、植被物候特征识别与信息提取等多方面的研究.但其因受遥感器采集与传输过程、大气条件、地面状况等诸多因素的影响,时序NDVI数据包含各种噪声,因此研究者们发展了一系列时间序列曲线重建方法.本文对近年来提出或改进的重建算法原理、优缺点进...  相似文献   

Carbon input, production and turnover in the interstices of a Lake Tegel bank filtration site, Berlin, Germany     

Anja Hoffmann  Günter Gunkel 《Limnologica》2011,41(3):151-159

The sandy littoral zone of Lake Tegel (Berlin, Germany) was investigated during 2004–2006 down to sediment depths ≥26 cm to derive a scheme of seasonal carbon turnover under induced bank filtration conditions. Carbon turnover processes were quantified regarding external and internal sources of dissolved and particulate organic matter (DOM and POM), primary production, community respiration, redox potential as well as specific loads of soluble chemical compounds such as nitrogen, iron, manganese and DOC.Over the course of the year, infiltrating DOC decreased by about 13–20% within the upper 26 cm sediment of the infiltration stretch. Gradients of all observed soluble compounds that are highly cross-linked to biological activities were highest in the topmost centimetre. In this depth mass balances (output–input) were negative concerning NO₃-N (−1 mg dm⁻² d⁻¹, summer mean) and DOC (−2 mg dm⁻² d⁻¹, winter mean), respectively, while specific loads of cations such as manganese reached up to 0.2 mg dm⁻² d⁻¹ during summer. Carbon mineralization ranged between 3 and 7 mg C dm⁻² d⁻¹ and was nearly twice as high in summer as in winter. The turnover of the infiltrating DOC contributed maximally 25% in summer to 50% in winter to the entire organic carbon mineralization. Gross and net primary production differed up to a factor of >10, indicating very fast turnover reactions and the predominance of community respiration and mineralization, respectively. The POC in the upper sediment layer (10 cm) temporally varied around 1% sediment d.w.; benthic algae, organic seston input and autumnal leaf fall contributed similar percentages to the POC pool.  相似文献   

A New Polyelectrolyte Dosing Method: Injection into Deep Bed Filter Media     

Ebubekir Yuksel  Murat Eyvaz  Tugrul S. Aktas  Ahmet M. Saatci 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2011,39(8):750-758

The aim of this paper was to investigate a novel method of polyelectrolyte injection into deep bed filter media. The raw water and the filter media used in the pilot filters were obtained from the Omerli Reservoir that supplies one million m³/day of water to the greater city of Istanbul. A cationic polyelectrolyte was injected at the entrance of the filter and at different depths of the sand bed. The effect of polyelectrolyte injection location and method was evaluated by measuring the effluent turbidity, effluent particle count, and the head losses at different locations of the sand media. It was observed that the simultaneous injection of the polyelectrolyte on top of the filter bed and at the center can lengthen the filter run time while achieving an effluent turbidity as low as 0.06 NTU (nephelometric turbidity unit) and 4 log (99.99%) particle removal.  相似文献   

非牛顿多方渗流方程的全局和爆破解     

赵伟伟  王建 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2011,(Z1):439-442

本文主要研究一个具非局部源和加权非局部边界条件的非牛顿多方渗流方程的正解的全局存在和爆破。首先证明本文的主要工具-弱比较原理,然后通过构造各种上下解来讨论解的行为,并得到了方程解的全局存在和爆破的充分条件。  相似文献   

Algorithm of the problem of simulating the total wave field of the geomagnetic pulsation signal within the ionospheric transition layer     

Karel Prikner  Vladimír Vagner 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1995,39(2):208-212

Summary This supplement to paper by Prikner and Vagner (1991) describes the optimum algorithm for the automated computer program of numerical simulation of the total wave field anywhere within the ionospheric filter. The matrix method of thin layers in an inhomogeneous, anisotropic and dissipative ionosphere has been applied. The application of this method enables in situ measurements of geomagnetic pulsations in the ionosphere to be compared with the results of the numerical simulation.  相似文献   

地热前兆预报地震的新方法研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

胡敦宽  曾小苹 《地震》1995,(3):234-239

利用最大熵谱和带通滤波方法分析处理了北京白家疃井约6年的地热观测资料。结果表明,在频率域上有丰富的地热地震前兆信息;井—含水层系统的固有频率特性与地震活动存在一定关系。某些周期的振幅异常与200km范围内M_L≥4.0地震有较好的对应关系,特别是1989年10月18日大同M_s6.1地震前,用本方法处理地热观测资料,发现有明显的中期、短期和临震异常。 文中讨论了井—含水层系统产生响应频率特性的物质条件。  相似文献   

基于3维激光扫描技术的滑坡体地形图制作研究     

焦学军 《测绘与空间地理信息》2013,(10):198-201,204

采用3维激光扫描技术快速采集滑坡体地形点云信息,并提取滑坡体微地貌信息,为滑坡监测提供基础技术支持。3维激光扫描技术的数据处理主要包括外业数据采集、点云数据配准、地貌数据获取与非地貌点云数据过滤、地形图生成等过程,并着重介绍其工作原理与处理方法。采用3维激光扫描技术能够高效准确实时的监测地质灾害,对预防灾害的发生提供了决策作用。  相似文献   

Modelling of cement suspension flow in granular porous media     

Z. Saada  J. Canou  L. Dormieux  J. C. Dupla  S. Maghous 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2005,29(7):691-711

A theoretical model of cement suspensions flow in granular porous media considering particle filtration is presented in this paper. Two phenomenological laws have been retained for the filtration rate and the intrinsic permeability evolution. A linear evolution with respect to the volume fraction of cement in the grout has been retained for the filtration rate. The intrinsic permeability of the porous medium is looked for in the form of a hyperbolic function of the porosity change. The model depends on two phenomenological parameters only. The equations of this model are solved analytically in the one‐dimensional case. Besides, a numerical resolution based on the finite element method is also presented. It could be implemented easily in situations where no analytical solution is available. Finally, the predictions of the model are compared to the results of a grout injection test on a long column of sand. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Influence of macroinvertebrates on physico‐chemical and microbial processes in hyporheic sediments     

Florian Mermillod‐Blondin  Jean‐Paul Gaudet  Magali Grino  Gaston Desrosiers  Michel Creuz des Chtelliers 《水文研究》2003,17(4):779-794

The objective of this study was to measure the effects of invertebrates on the physical characteristics and microbial processes in hyporheic sediments. We investigated the impacts of an assemblage of three taxa (asellids, chironomid larvae, and tubificid worms) on sediment distribution, water fluxes, sediment organic carbon, biofilm (attached bacteria) characteristics, and O₂, dissolved organic carbon NO₃^?, NO₂^?, and NH₄⁺ concentrations in slow filtration sand–gravel columns. The results showed that invertebrates clearly modified the distribution of particles in the sediment column, probably because of the structures (tubes, macropores, and faecal pellets) produced by the three taxa in the sediment. Our assessment of water fluxes indicated that invertebrate activities led to an increase in the porosity of the sediment columns. In addition, aerobic (O₂ consumption) and anaerobic (denitrification and fermentative decomposition of organic matter) microbial processes occurring in the sediment were stimulated in the presence of invertebrates. Finally, the present study demonstrates that invertebrates can act as ecosystem engineers in heterogeneous sediments that are under the influence of an advective flux of water. The solute residence time increased in columns containing the faunal assemblage. Micro‐organisms used more dissolved organic matter and nutrients in the presence of invertebrates because invertebrate activities increased the contact between the biofilm and water. We conclude that engineering by invertebrates in natural conditions modifies characteristics of the hyporheic zone and thereby enhances both the porosity of the sediment and the solute transport across the benthic interface. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

A coupled transport and reaction model for long column experiments simulating bank filtration     

Christoph Horner  Ekkehard Holzbecher  Gunnar Nützmann 《水文研究》2007,21(8):1015-1025

Within the scope of the interdisciplinary Natural and Artificial Systems for Recharge and Infiltration research project dealing with riverbank filtration processes at the Berlin water works, a semi‐technical column experiment has been ongoing since January 2003. Here, a 30 m long soil column is infiltrated with surface water sampled from Lake Tegel (Berlin, Germany) under saturated flow conditions. Changes in pore water hydrochemistry sampled on 21 non‐equidistant distributed points are verified by coupled transport and reaction modelling. The objective of reactive transport modelling was to identify the main biogeochemical processes within the soil column during the flushing experiment as a conceptual model for riverbank filtration. Modelling was done with a combination of MATLAB and PHREEQC. The main processes identified are: (1) biogeochemical degradation due to interaction of natural surface water with the soil matrix; (2) continuous dissolution of refractory air bubbles from the soil column matrix. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献