基于移动智能终端的消防辅助决策指挥系统设计与实现     

刘子立 《测绘与空间地理信息》2016,(10)

为应对各类火灾和其他灾害事件,并作为固定指挥中心功能的延伸,本文借助3G/4G移动通信技术、智能终端技术和移动互联网技术,与消防移动指挥业务相结合,建设集移动通信指挥监控和消防水源采集为一体的移动智能终端系统。相关人员可通过移动智能终端实时获取灾害情况并与指挥中心进行信息交互。  相似文献   

Determination of Platinum‐Group Elements in Geological Samples by Isotope Dilution‐Inductively Coupled Plasma‐Mass Spectrometry Combined with Sulfide Fire Assay Preconcentration          下载免费PDF全文

Minghao Ren  Yali Sun  Christina Yan Wang  Shengling Sun 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2016,40(1):67-83

A method was developed for the determination of platinum‐group elements (PGE) in geological samples by isotope dilution‐inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry combined with sulfide fire assay preconcentration. Samples were fused and PGE analytes were concentrated in sulfide buttons. The buttons were dissolved using HCl leaving PGE analytes in insoluble residues, which were digested in HNO₃ and simultaneously processed for the distillation of Os. The remaining solutions were further prepared for the purification of Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir and Pt using a tandem assembly of cation and Ln resin columns. The eluents were directly analysed by membrane desolvation‐ICP‐MS. Ruthenium, Pd, Os, Ir and Pt were determined by isotope dilution, whereas Rh was determined by conventional reference material calibration combined with ¹⁹³Ir as the internal standard element. The method was validated using a series of PGE reference materials, and the measurement data were consistent with the recommended and the literature values. The measurement precision was better than 10% RSD. The procedural blanks were 0.121 ng for Ru, 0.204 for Rh, 0.960 ng for Pd, 0.111 ng for Os, 0.045 ng for Ir and 0.661 ng for Pt, and the limits of detection (3s) were 0.011 ng g^?1 for Ru, 0.008 ng g^?1 for Rh, 0.045 ng g^?1 for Pd, 0.009 ng g^?1 for Os, 0.006 ng g^?1 for Ir and 0.016 ng g^?1 for Pt when a test portion mass of 10 g was used. This indicates that the proposed method can be used for the determination of trace amounts of PGE in geological samples.  相似文献   

沉积盆地热体制研究的基本原理和进展   总被引：70，自引：2，他引：70  

胡圣标 《地学前缘》1995,2(4):171-180

沉积盆地动态热体制研究可以分别在盆地和岩石圈两种尺度上进行，其目的是盆地热历史的重建或恢复。在盆地尺度下，热历史是通过地层中古温标（直接或间接的）反演而获得的；在岩石圈尺度下，则是通过盆地构造热演化模拟正演而获得的。古温标的动力学模型和盆地数学模型是正、反演过程的基础。本文综述了镜质体反射率、磷灰石裂变径迹和蒙脱石－伊利石转化三种主要古地温计的动力学模型和不同类型盆地成因模型的发展概况，勾画了盆地热历史重建正、反演方法程序的基本框架，并就几个相关问题提出了意见。最后介绍了新近开发出的油气盆地热历史及构造热演化模拟系统。  相似文献   

利用动态监测数据分析兰州市傍河水源地河水与地下水的补给关系     

张恒堂 《甘肃地质》1995,4(1):73-76

根据地下水与河水动态监测数据，利用相关系数方法，推算出黄河水对地下水补给的滞后时间、补给速度以及黄河水位与地下水位之间的最大相关系数，从而得出河水位对地下水位的影响随距离的增大而减小的结论。  相似文献   

Natural reforestation of abandoned farmland: the role of soils     

Zeng Liangzhong  Robert J. Whelan 《The Australian geographer》1993,24(2):14-25

Natural regeneration of abandoned farmland in several areas within the catchments of the Sydney Water Board has been very slow. Several hypotheses have been put forward to explain the fact that natural reforestation has not occurred, even after up to 50 years of abandonment. This study examines regeneration in relation to substrate, soil types and soil chemistry. The abandoned farmlands occur on four main soil types: (i) eutrophic krasnozem, now occupied mainly by bracken fern (Pteridium esculentum) associated with young seedlings of Eucalyptus and Acacia; (ii) mesotro‐phic yellow earth, now occupied by blady grass (Imperata cylindrica), with few tree seedlings and scattered, dead Acacia trees; and (iii) mesotrophic alluvial soil, and (iv) oligotrophic lithosol, which both support stands of Acacia. The soil properties of the krasnozem and the yellow earth appear to be suitable for tree establishment and growth, and do not differ from similar soils in nearby areas currently under cultivation or supporting undisturbed forest. Poor forest establishment in these soils might be the result of frequent fires and biotic factors such as competition from the bracken and blady grass sward. The lack of eucalypt reforestation of the poorer soils might be explained by their poorer fertility, perhaps tolerated better by the Acacia species.  相似文献   

地下水动态的灰色预测     

靳孟贵 《地球科学》1991,16(1):91-94,78

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冲积床面阻力关系分析比较          下载免费PDF全文

王士强 《水科学进展》1993,4(2):113-119

进一步验证和分析了作者早先提出的动床阻力关系,总结并提出了新的沙垄高度变化规律图,分析了它们与沙波阻力变化的关系,比较系统地揭示了不同水深、粒径条件下过渡区阻力变化规律.文中比较了作者及国内外其它五个重要的动床阻力关系,明确了这些公式的适用范围及限制条件.Einstein和钱宁的二个阻力关系只能用于过渡区,且后者只适用于粉细沙河床.李昌华的阻力关系可用于过渡区及低能态区.Engelund的阻力关系可用于一般沙质河床的低能态和高能态条件,但缺乏过渡区规律,对粉沙河床预报将系统偏小而对沙卵石河床则反之.Hayashi的阻力关系不适用于比降平缓的平原沙质河流.经验证和比较,作者的阻力公式适用于三个能态区各种水流强度及不同水深、粒径的情况,适用范围广泛,预报精度较高.  相似文献   

加拿大北极西部近海岸多年冻土热状况的数学模拟     

王保来 《冰川冻土》1992,14(3):202-209

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A high resolution Holocene pollen record from Lago do Pires,SE Brazil: vegetation,climate and fire history     

Hermann Behling 《Journal of Paleolimnology》1995,14(3):253-268

Lago do Pires (17° 57 S, 42° 13 W) is situated at 390 m a.s.l. in the foothills of the Serra do Espinhaço, 250 km from the Brazilian Atlantic coast. The original vegetation of the study area has been almost destroyed by pastoral activity. Relicts of a dense 20–30 m tall tropical semidciduous forest are present only on a few hill tops. The dry season of the Lago do Pires region lasts for 4 months and the annual precipitation is 1250 mm. A high resolution pollen record from a 16 m long sediment core, composed of 77 samples, subdivided in 7 zones and 4 subzones, allows a reconstruction of Holocene paleoenvironments. For the early Holocene (9720-8810 B.P.), the results indicate that the region surrounding the lake was dominated by a herb savanna (campo cerrado) withCuratella americana (cerrado tree) and high fire frequency. Species ofCecropia, Urticales and a few others, form small gallery forests along the water courses. This vegetation pattern is consistent with a long dry season (perhaps 6 months) and a low annual precipitation. Between 8810 and 7500 years B.P. gallery forests expanded in the valleys and suggest a period of higher rainfall with shortened dry season (perhaps 5 months). Fire was less frequent. Reduction of gallery forests followed (7500-5530 B.P.), probably related to a return of drier climatic conditions (5–6 months dry season, lower precipitation). Fires were more frequent. Between 5530 and 2780 years B.P. in the vallyes were forests and on the hills still an open cerrado. The dry season probably was about 5 months and the rainfall was higher than in the previous period. Later (2780-970 B.P.) the more open cerrado on the hills changed to more closed cerrado. A dense and closed semideciduous forest existed in the region only in the latest Holocene period (since 970 B.P.) under the current climatic conditions. The vegetation was no longer influenced by fire. A very strong human impact by deforestation and use of fire occurred in the last decades. Today cerrado vegetation is generally restricted to central Brazil and exists in several small isolated Islands (Hueck, 1956) in the area of semideciduous forest in SE Brazil which were more widespread during the drier periods of the Holocene. The wettest period of Holocene occurs in the present millenium.This is the 4th in a series of papers published in this special AMQUA issue. These papers were presented at the 1994 meeting of the American Quaternary Association held 19–22 June, 1994, at the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. Dr Linda C. K. Shane served as guest editor for these papers.  相似文献   

African Fire Cultures,Cattle Ranching,and Colonial Landscape Transformations in the Neotropics          下载免费PDF全文

Andrew Sluyter  Chris Duvall 《Geographical review》2016,106(2):294-311

Fire regimes emerge partly from human activities that reflect cultural‐ecological knowledge of the relationships among fire, vegetation, grazing, climate, and other variables, as well as social relations. More knowledge of such “fire cultures,” past and present, therefore remains necessary to better understand the causes and persistent consequences of landscape burning. In the neotropics, people have used fire for centuries to manage livestock pastures. Conventional wisdom has long posited that such practices derived solely from antecedent European and indigenous, Native American fire cultures. Analysis of accounts of rangeland burning from throughout the neotropics during colonial times, however, demonstrates that ranchers incorporated African fire cultures and that the timing of burning shifted from early during the dry season in the sixteenth century to late during the dry season by the nineteenth century.  相似文献