基于模糊综合评价法的东极大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)养殖区海水水质评价     

宋科  赵晟  张力  朱爱意  吴常文 《海洋与湖沼》2013,44(2):383-388

采用模糊综合评价法,根据2009年5个月份和2010年6个月份的东极大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)养殖区海水水样监测数据,对该养殖区海水水质状况进行了综合评价。结果表明,在年均值的评价中,2009年和2010年养殖区海水水质均为一类水,对一类水的隶属度分别为0.53和0.80,说明2010年的水质状况好于2009年。2010年6个监测月份的评价结果显示,各监测月份水质状况均为一类水质,但各月水质状况对一类水的隶属度值差别较大。4月份和5月份的水质状况对一类水的隶属度在0.5以上,6月份的水质状况对一类水的隶属度最低,仅为0.33,其余监测月份海水水质对一类水的隶属度均小于4、5月份。评价结果与东极大黄鱼养殖区水质的实际状况相符,说明模糊综合评价法适用于养殖区海水水质的评价。  相似文献   

Discordant patterns of genetic connectivity between two sympatric species,Mullus barbatus (Linnaeus, 1758) and Mullus surmuletus (Linnaeus, 1758), in south-western Mediterranean Sea     

《Marine environmental research》2013

Population connectivity scales are important tools to achieve a mechanistic understanding of the factors regulating the abundance and distribution of marine populations and therefore support conservation actions to manage fisheries and stocks. We used 10 microsatellites markers on mullets' samples across the Spanish coast to determine the spatial scale of gene flow as well as the origin of post-larvae caught inside two MPAs. Population structure varied from complete homogeneity for Mullus barbatus, to high spatial variability in Mullus surmuletus samples. Differential habitat utilization by species, geomorphological features and oceanographic patterns are discussed as potential causes of patterns observed. Although we were unable to verify the origin of most post-larvae caught inside MPAs we suggest that they may act as genetic reservoirs due to high heterozigosity levels found in adult specimens inside (M. surmuletus) and nearby (both) them. Our results indicate that early life history traits (i.e. larvae) may not be the only determinant on species dispersal capability, suggesting that other mechanisms such as fine scale adult or juvenile movement may have been underestimated as promoting population connectivity.  相似文献   

Sedimentation and morphological changes at Yuantuojiao Point,estuary of the North Branch,Changjiang River   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

XIE Li  ZHANG Zhenke  ZHANG Yunfeng  WANG Yaping  HUANG Xianjin 《海洋学报(英文版)》2013,32(2):24-34

The North Branch, separated by the Chongming Island, was once the main channel in the estuary of the Changjiang River. Reclamation and a decrease in runoff to the North Branch had led to the narrowing and shallowing of the channel. The Yuantuojiao Point is located at the intersecting point connecting the North Branch of the Changjiang River and the Jiangsu coastline. Erosion cliffs are developed between the typical silty-muddy tidal flat and the salt marsh occupied by Spartina alterniflorea, and this has changed rapidly over the past few years. The sediment grain size analysis results of the surficial and two core samples indicate that the Yuantuojiao Point tidal flat experienced continuous accretional processes. Based upon 137 Cs analysis results of the YT and YY Cores sampled from the tidal flat at the Yuantuojiao Point, the average sedimentation rate of the YT Core was 2.30 cm/a from 1963 to 2007, and 2.38 cm/a from 1954 to 2007 for the YY Core. The sedimentation rates of both core locations have declined since the 1960s corresponding to the seaward reclamation at the Yuantuojiao Point. The average sedimentation rates at the Yuantuojiao Point were similar to that of the silty-muddy tidal flat at the northern Jiangsu coast, but lower than that of the south of the Changjiang River Estuary. According to field morphological investigations from 2006 to 2008 on the salt marsh at the Yuantuojiao Point, cliffs retreated markedly by storm surges and disappeared gradually because of the rapid sedimentation on the silty-muddy tidal flat. The maximum annual retreat reached 10 m. The recent sedimentation and morphological changes of the Yuantuojiao Point tidal flat not only displayed the retreat of the salt marsh and the disappearance of cliffs, but also was accompanied by rapid sedimentation of the silty-muddy tidal flat and the salt marsh, indicating the responses to the tidal currents, storm surges, Spartina alterniflorea trapping sediments and large-scale reclamation. The sediment grain size and their trends, southward coastal flow, and sandspits of the longshore bars suggest that the main sediment source at the Yuantuoijao Point, estuary of the North Branch was possibly from the Changjiang River before 1958, since then, it has been from the south of the submarine radial sand ridges of the southern Huanghai Sea (Yellow Sea).  相似文献   

粤东典型海湾表层沉积物Cd的分布及其潜在生态危害评价*          下载免费PDF全文

张小华  钟立峰  苗莉  黄蔚霞  颜文 《热带海洋学报》2013,(2)

对粤东海域5个典型海湾64个表层沉积物样进行了重金属Cd含量的测定,分析探讨了其空间分布特征及其主要影响因素,并以南海陆架区Cd含量为背景值计算了粤东5个海湾表层沉积物Cd的潜在生态危害系数。结果显示,柘林湾、汕头湾、汕尾湾、大亚湾和大鹏湾表层沉积物Cd的含量范围分别为0.04—0.58、0.06—6.63、0.06—0.11、0.04—0.20、0.08—0.15 mg·kg?1,其分布表现为：柘林湾养殖区和三百门附近海域以及汕头湾拦沙堤末端海域和好望角附近海域Cd含量高于其他海区,汕尾湾的Cd含量由近岸向外海、西部到东部增加,而大亚湾和大鹏湾外湾含量高。重金属输入和水动力条件是控制 Cd 分布的决定性因素。生态危害评价表明,养殖区、三百门附近海域、拦沙堤末端海域和好望角附近海域Cd污染达到了中等甚至很强的生态危害水平,污染比较严重。来自入海河流携带工业污染物注入、沿岸排污、水产养殖沉降、产业转移人为排放和金属矿床开采释放的 Cd 已造成了近海环境的污染,应当引起相关部门的重视。  相似文献   

Diversity and coverage of seagrass ecosystems in south-west Madagascar     

《African Journal of Marine Science》2013,35(2):291-297

Seagrass meadows provide important nursery and feeding grounds for many commercially valuable fish species. Here, we address the paucity of published information on the status of seagrasses in Madagascar by documenting the results from ecological surveys of 11 seagrass beds in Velondriake, a locally managed marine area (LMMA) in south-west Madagascar. The diversity and coverage of meadows was highest in the north of the LMMA with up to 51% coverage, and lowest in the south (26%). Overall, eight seagrass species were recorded: Cymodocea rotundata, C. serrulata, Halodule uninervis, Halophila ovalis, H. stipulacea, Syringodium isoetifolium, Thalassia hemprichii and Thalassodendron ciliatum. We discuss the natural and anthropogenic factors that may account for the observed low diversity of seagrasses in southern Velondriake, including overfishing, beach-seining, cyclones, siltation and mangrove deforestation. Based on these baseline surveys, as well as discussions with local communities, it is recommended that measures should be taken to reinforce efforts to ban beach-seines and that the role of seagrasses as carbon sinks and potential sustainable financing options through blue carbon initiatives should be investigated through further, more detailed surveys.  相似文献   

Effects of soil surface components on soil hydrological behaviour in a dry Mediterranean environment (Southern Spain)   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Jose Damian Ruiz Sinoga  Juan Francisco Martinez Murillo 《Geomorphology》2009,108(3-4):234-245

Various researchers have studied the spatial pattern of soil surface components such as vegetation, rock fragments, bare soil, litter and surface crusts, as a key factor of hydrological behaviour in Mediterranean settings with heterogeneous patches of vegetation cover and strong human impact. The studies indicate that there is a mosaic of patches that generate run-off or infiltrate overland flow, distributed in various ways along hillslopes. Few of these studies, however, have looked at areas underlain by metamorphic rocks such as phyllites or schists. This study analysed the temporal and spatial variability of the effects of soil surface components on hydrological processes in a small dry Mediterranean catchment underlain by metamorphic rocks. A systematic sampling of multiple sites throughout a hydrological year was carried out.We related the hydrological behaviour of soil surface components to 1) their position along the hillslope, 2) the distance of existing vegetation tussocks from the line of run-off, 3) rainfall intensity and 4) the main physical/chemical soil properties affecting infiltration processes. Statistical analysis was used to check the validity of the relationships. The results show that soil surface components have highly variable effects, in both space and time, on soil hydrological behaviour. These effects particularly depend on the location along the line of maximum slope and the intensity of preceding rainfall, whose interaction defines soil hydrological status. These results are similar to those for other Mediterranean settings with different lithology, in that the succession of contributing patches are hydrologically interconnected along a hillslope. The variables used and the grouping of explanatory variables through principal component analyses were found to be suitable for discussing the spatial distribution of soil surface components in the hydrologically dynamic environment of the study area.  相似文献   

基于TM图像的潮滩表层沉积物含水量推算模型研究——以江苏辐射沙洲区为例     

沈永明  杨劲松  张忍顺  刘咏梅 《地理科学》2009,29(3)

潮滩表层沉积物含水量是反映潮滩与潮水周期性作用并指示潮滩高程的重要指标,了解潮滩表层沉积物含水量是开发利用潮滩资源的重要工作之一。以江苏辐射沙洲为例,在对应于2000年4月的TM遥感图像成像时潮位特征的潮汐周期时,测量了两条断面的表层沉积物含水量,然后通过对辐射沙洲TM遥感图像的多种处理及其比较,找出了TM图像与潮滩表层沉积物含水量的相关系数绝对值最高的数字图像处理方法,然后再进行傅立叶变换等处理,并推算出可决系数较高的表层沉积物含水量推算模型。  相似文献   

辽宁沿海地区循环经济发展综合评价   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

韩增林  王泽宇 《地理科学》2009,29(2)

科学构建循环经济评价指标体系,评价和监测循环经济发展的状态和程度,是循环经济研究的重要内容,是地区实现可持续发展的依据.基于国家规定循环经济评价指标体系,应用层次分析法对辽宁沿海地区循环经济发展进行评价,结果表明:大连是循环经济发展态势较好地区;葫芦岛、丹东是循环经济发展有待加强地区;营口、锦州、盘锦是急需加快循环经济发展的重点地区.并提出今后循环经济发展的重点和方向及加快辽宁沿海地区循环经济发展的对策、建议.  相似文献   

地震导致山体变形破裂机制地质力学模拟试验研究          下载免费PDF全文

许向宁  王兰生 《地学前缘》2009,16(3):333-340

地震导致山体变形破裂是一个复杂的演化过程,文中通过一些典型实例的地质分析,总结归纳了高地震烈度区山体变形破裂失稳有一定代表性的倾外层状体斜坡滑坡型、高陡块(层)状体斜坡崩塌型、软弱基座体斜坡滑坡型等3种典型性地质力学模式。自主创新研制、设计、探索了一套振动条件下地质力学模拟试验的设备模型和方法,并对3种典型性地质力学模型进行机制模拟试验。通过变形破裂演化过程模拟再现试验,从中揭示出一些振动条件下变形破裂的典型迹象和重要证据,充分再现了典型地震失稳机制的形成条件、相关性因素以及演化规律,为进一步研究分析提供科学可靠的试验数据和证据。  相似文献   

江西省及邻区地震动参数衰减关系          下载免费PDF全文

吕坚  俞言祥  汤兰荣  高建华  卢福水 《地震地质》2009,31(1):122-132

在利用江西省及邻区的地震烈度等震线资料建立该区地震烈度衰减关系的基础上,以美国西部为参考地区,转换得到了相应的水平向基岩峰值加速度与反应谱衰减关系,并与中国东部地区的地震动参数衰减关系进行了对比,其结果更加符合该区历史和近代地震震害分布的地域性特点,可进一步应用于地震安全性评价、震害预测、损失快速评估等研究  相似文献