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11.
Kue-Young Kim Hyeonjeong Seong Taehee Kim Ki-Hwa Park Nam-Chil Woo Yoon-Suk Park Gi-Won Koh Won-Bae Park 《Journal of Hydrology》2006,330(3-4):525-542
We conducted various field studies at the seawater intrusion monitoring wells located in the eastern part of Jeju Island, Korea, to observe the tidal effect on groundwater–seawater flow in the coastal aquifer. Studies included monitoring the fluctuations of groundwater and tide levels, electrical and temperature logging, and 2-D heat-pulse flowmeter tests. According to time-series analysis, tidal effects on groundwater level reached up to 3 km inland from the coastline. Water-level variation was more sensitive to tidal fluctuations near the coast, and more related to rainfall toward inland areas. Temporal and spatial variations in the shape and location of the freshwater–saltwater interface were analyzed using data from nine monitoring wells. The results indicated that the interface toe is located at a distance of 6–8 km from the coastline and its location was related to geological layers present. Long-term seasonal variations revealed no major changes in the interface; minor variations were due to moving boundary conditions induced by tidal fluctuations. Using the two-dimensional heat-pulse flowmeter, groundwater flow directions and velocities at four tidal stages were measured on three monitoring wells drilled into the multilayered aquifers. This direct measurement enabled us to relate the differences of flow velocities and directions with geology and tidal fluctuations. Combining the results of EC logging and flowmeter tests, we found a zone where freshwater and saltwater moved alternately in opposite directions, as influenced by the tidal fluctuations. Integrating various physical logging and flowmeter data with water-level fluctuations improved our understanding of the behavior of fresh and seawater flow in the coastal aquifers. 相似文献
12.
SL3型雨量传感器示值误差测量不确定度评定方法 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
基于雨量传感器的检定方法,介绍了SL3型雨量传感器示值误差测量不确定度的评定方法。组建了测量模型,由测量不确定度传播定理,分析了雨量传感器示值误差测量不确定度的来源,根据不同的评定方法,对测量不确定度分量进行合理评定;结合实际工作,展示了SL3型雨量传感器示值误差测量不确定度的评定实例;分析了影响雨量传感器测量不确定度的主要因素。结果表明：雨量传感器示值误差的扩展不确定度U=01 mm（k=2）。其中,示值重复性引入的标准不确定度是影响测量不确定度的主要因素,其次是雨量传感器的分辨力和计数装置分辨力引入的标准不确定度,全自动雨量校准仪模拟雨强精度偏差引入的标准不确定度影响最小。 相似文献
13.
Michael N. Fienen Peter K. Kitanidis David Watson Philip Jardine 《Mathematical Geology》2004,36(1):101-126
A Bayesian inverse method is applied to two electromagnetic flowmeter tests conducted in fractured weathered shale at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Traditional deconvolution of flowmeter tests is also performed using a deterministic first-difference approach; furthermore, ordinary kriging was applied on the first-difference results to provide an additional method yielding the best estimate and confidence intervals. Depth-averaged bulk hydraulic conductivity information was available from previous testing. The three methods deconvolute the vertical profile of lateral hydraulic conductivity. A linear generalized covariance function combined with a zoning approach was used to describe structure. Nonnegativity was enforced by using a power transformation. Data screening prior to calculations was critical to obtaining reasonable results, and the quantified uncertainty estimates obtained by the inverse method led to the discovery of questionable data at the end of the process. The best estimates obtained using the inverse method and kriging compared favorably with first-difference confirmatory calculations, and all three methods were consistent with the geology at the site. 相似文献
14.
科氏力质量流量计进入工业测量领域以来,应用越来越广泛。近几年检定实践表明,测量介质的物理参量的变化对其测量精度是有影响的。本文主要讨论被测介质压力的变化对流量计测量准确度的影响。 相似文献