含氟废水的粉煤灰处理实验研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

黄继国  张永祥  曹玉清  邓友军 《水文地质工程地质》2001,28(4):43-44,48

进行了影响粉煤灰处理含氟废水的各种条件实验，（pH、水灰比、氟浓度、振荡平衡时间），结果表明最佳处理条件是pH值为2．5、水灰比为小于20、氟浓度小于500mg/l、振荡平衡时间大于2．5h，并研究了粉煤灰处理含氟废水的机理，给出了其吸附等温式。  相似文献   

The characteristics of dissolution of fluoride and aluminum from brick tea     

LIU Xiaojing 《中国地球化学学报》2005,24(4):382-385

Four experiments have been done on the influence of times of infusion, temperature, time and ratio of tea to water on the dissolving characteristics of fluoride and aluminum in brick tea. According to the results, the behaviors of F and Al which found their way into tea liquor were analyzed and the conclusions have been drawn： the dissolution of F and Al is not synchronous and after the elements find their way into tea liquor respectively, they will be reset to form complexes of F and Al.  相似文献   

凹凸棒粘土的除氟作用研究   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7  

孙承辕  季峻峰 《高校地质学报》1997,3(4):400-414

凹凸棒粘土主要由坡缕石组成，后者为发育有一系列孔道的层链状硅酸盐矿物，具有很强的吸附能力，凹凸棒粘土的吸氟作用实验表明，其吸氟量随着溶液中氟离子浓度的提高而增加，在酸性含氟溶液中，凹凸棒粘土对溶液中氟的吸附量及溶液的降氟率都明显增加，而在碱性含氟溶液中，凹凸棒粘土对溶液中氟的吸附能力则大大降低，甚至不吸附。  相似文献   

Mutual effects of fluoride and phosphate on their adsorption and desorption in fluoride-contaminated softs     

Maoxu ZHU Haihua WANG Xin JIANG 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):94-95

Phosphate is one of the important nutrients for plant growth. In acidic and highly weathered soils, phosphate is ready to adsorb on Al and Fe oxides and transform into sparsely soluble Fe-P and Al-P solid phases, greatly reducing phosphate bioavailability. Aluminum and iron oxides in soils are important sinks for both phosphate and fluoride. In acidic soils, fluoride adsorption can dramatically facilitate dissolution of Al- and Fe-containing phases, which may influence the distribution and migration of both pollutants and nutrients including phosphate. To date, little information is available on mutual effects of fluoride and phosphate in fluoride-contaminated acidic soils. The objective of this study is to evaluate mutual effects of fluoride and phosphate on their adsorption/desorption in red soil, collected fi＇om Yingtan, Jiangxi Province, China, using a batch equilibrium method. The following results and conclusions were obtained. In heavily fluoride-contaminated soils, the adsorption of both fluoride and phosphate decreases with an increase in solution pH. Phosphate adsorption decreases progressively with increasing concentration of fluoride, suggesting that fluoride competes with phosphate for adsorption sites.  相似文献   

含氟地下水饮用处理技术   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李莉  王业耀  孟凡生 《地下水》2007,29(5):85-86,142

目前,高氟地下水和地方性氟中毒是世界范围内的一个难题,为解决这一问题,世界各国科研人员进行了大量的试验研究,总结出了不少成功的处理方法.综述前人对含氟地下水的各种处理技术,包括吸附法、沉淀法、电凝聚法、电渗析、Donna渗析等,并对这些技术进行了总结和比较,以指导生产实践.  相似文献   

甘肃民勤绿洲北部荒漠区地下水水化学特征及成因分析     

田辽西  刘德玉 《地质论评》2023,69(5):1834-1844

民勤绿洲北部荒漠区作为国家北方防沙带的重要组成部分以及石羊河下游生态保护治理区,在地下水水化学方面的研究程度很低。在野外调查、勘探及采样测试的基础上,综合运用数理统计、Piper三线图、离子相关性分析、Gibbs图及离子比例系数等方法对民勤绿洲北部荒漠区的地下水水化学特征及成因进行了研究分析。结果表明：研究区地下水溶解性总固体以及硬度值较高,水化学类型主要为Cl^-·SO₄^2--Na⁺型。地下水水质总体能够满足生态屏障区种植旱生、耐盐植被的需要。地下水水化学演化是由蒸发浓缩作用主导、风化溶解和阳离子交换共同作用的结果。地下水中超标的高硝酸盐氮水与牲畜粪便污染有关,高氟水的形成受原生地质环境背景影响。成果不仅进一步提高了区内地下水水化学的研究程度,亦可为民勤绿洲区保护、北方防沙带以及石羊河下游生态保护治理区建设提供科学依据。  相似文献   

连续自动再生化学抑制-离子色谱法测定石膏及其制品中的氟和氯     

钟坚海  郑瑞娟  陈金凤  陈章捷  张艳燕  林亚妹  刘明健 《岩矿测试》2015,34(3):330-334

测定石膏及其制品中的氟化物和氯化物,传统分析方法过程复杂,分析速度慢,准确度及灵敏度低。本文采用超声提取技术提取样品中的氟和氯,以Na2CO3-Na HCO3作为淋洗液,色谱柱分离后通过抑制器降低背景电导,用电导检测器进行检测。通过优化样品前处理和离子色谱分离条件,在测定范围内氟和氯的含量与峰面积呈良好的线性关系(相关系数0.9998),方法检测限为0.15 ng/m L(氟)和0.28 ng/m L(氯),加标回收率为95.0%~99.7%,精密度(RSD)均小于5%(n=8)。本方法采用超声提取技术,无需净化处理即可直接分析,半小时内完成前处理,且避免了目标分析物的损失。与离子选择电极法相比,检测限由μg/m L提升至ng/m L级别。  相似文献   

连云港北部地区高氟地下水分布特征及成因   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

杨磊  龚绪龙  陆徐荣  张岩 《中国地质》2015,(4):1161-1169

为研究连云港北部地区地下水氟水文地球化学特征,采集测试了63件地下水样品,分析了高氟地下水的空间分布特征及其形成的水文地球化学过程。结果表明,地下水中氟的质量浓度呈现出随着地下水流动而逐渐升高的变化规律,高氟地下水分布于海湾低平原及平原洼地。HCO_3~-质量浓度高的弱碱性水化学环境是促进氟富集、并增强其从沉积物向地下水中转化的主要因素。高氟地下水的形成是长期地质作用和地球化学演化的结果,矿物溶解-沉淀作用、蒸发浓缩作用、阳离子交替吸附作用是控制地下水中氟富集的主要水文地球化学过程。  相似文献   

Impact of Ca2+ and Mg2+ on the Removal of F− by Magnesium Potassium Phosphate     

Linyu Deng  Ying Wang  Tinglin Huang 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2019,47(11)

This study investigates the influence of Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ on the removal of F^? by magnesium potassium phosphate (MPP) from water. The kinetic experiments reveal that the F^? concentration decreased from 3.5 to 3.31 mg L^?1 in a single (F^?) system and to 1.45 mg L^?1 in a ternary system (F^?, Ca²⁺, and Mg²⁺) after 1 min, respectively. Thus, the F^? removal efficiencies are found to increase by about 53% with the co‐active effect of Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ in the solution. Moreover, Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ are almost completely removed in the F^?, Ca²⁺, and Mg²⁺ system. According to the pseudo‐first‐order modeling, the rate constants k for F^?, Ca²⁺, and Mg²⁺ are 0.00348, 0.0106, and 0.0159 min^?1 respectively; thus, Mg²⁺ > Ca²⁺ > F^?. In the ternary system, the removal efficiencies are 53.29–66.03% for F^?, 99.99–100% for Ca²⁺, and 87.21–95.19% for Mg²⁺ with initial pH 5–10. The removal efficiencies of F^? increases with increases in initial concentrations of F^?, Ca²⁺, and Mg²⁺. The removal of F^? is governed by two routes: 1) adsorption by electrostatic interactions and outer sphere surface complexation; 2) co‐precipitation with Ca₃(PO₄)₂, CaHPO₄, Mg₃(PO₄)₂, and Mg(OH)₂.  相似文献   

Distribution of fluoride in surface water and a health risk assessment in the upper reaches of the Yongding River     

Wang  Tao  Shao  Zhijiang  Yu  Hui  Bah  Hamidou 《地理学报(英文版)》2020,30(6):908-920

The excessive exposure to high concentrations of fluoride in drinking water can lead to a serious disease called fluorosis. The upstream region of the Yongding River is an ecological protection area for Beijing. Some studies have reported that there is a high concentration of fluoride in the groundwater in this area. However, there are few data on the distribution of fluoride in surface water and health risk assessments in this area. In this study, the fluoride concentrations were determined by using the spectrophotometric method using data from 2013 to 2017 from 9 surface water quality monitoring stations in the upper reaches of the Yongding River. The health risks of fluoride were assessed using the approach developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency(US EPA). The results indicated that the fluoride content in the drinking water ranged from 0.30 to 1.50 mg L~(-1), with an average of 0.86 mg L~(-1). In total, 22.7% of the analyzed samples exceeded the Chinese limit of 1.0 mg L~(-1) for fluoride, and 5.5% of samples had less than the permissible limit of 0.5 mg L~(-1). Higher fluoride concentrations and fluorosis hotspots were found to be predominately located downstream of the Yanghe River close to the Guanting Reservoir, where 71.4% of samples exceeded the limit of 1.0 mg/L~(-1). The spatial distribution of high fluoride concentrations was found to be primarily determined by industry. The hazard quotient(HQ) index for children, teenagers and adults indicated that 19.6%, 15.6%, and 5.1% of the samples in the upper reaches of the Yongding River, respectively, posed health hazards to the associated groups. Furthermore, the HQ index more than 1 for children, teenagers and adults had values of 64.3%, 56.1%, and 19.4%, respectively, in samples from the downstream region of the Yanghe River. Therefore, there are potential risks of dental and skeletal fluorosis in the upper river reaches of the Yongding River. It is imperative to take measures to reduce the fluoride pollution in surface water and control fluorosis. Action should be taken to improve the disposal of industrial waste.  相似文献