含铀物质对泥岩有机质热模拟生烃产物的影响     

卢红选  孟自芳  李斌  李相博  郑民 《沉积学报》2008,26(2):324-329

有机—无机相互作用是沉积盆地中普遍存在且不可改变的事实。采用加水热模拟实验方法,考察了含铀物质对泥岩样品热解生烃产物的影响。结果发现,含铀物质的加入,极大的提高了泥岩热解产物中气体产物的生成量。对气体组分的分析表明,产物中二氧化碳的含量增加,而甲烷的含量较少,一氧化碳的含量则呈现先增加后减少的趋势,对液态抽提物的分析发现,含铀物质促进了热解过程中产生的高碳数正构烷烃的降解,使得抽提物中饱和烃族组分的轻重比值有所增加,同时,含铀物质对泥岩热解产生的甾、萜烷类生物标志化合物也产生了一定的影响。  相似文献   

西南极利文斯顿岛含砾泥岩层的发现及其地质意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

邓希光  郑祥身  刘小汉 《极地研究》1999,11(3):169-178

西南极南设得兰群岛利文斯顿岛赫德半岛中分布的一套主要由复理石相岩石组成的低级变质沉积岩（迈尔斯陡崖组）被认为是中－ 新生代火山岩的基底（晚古生代－ 早中生代？）。以前含砾泥岩在迈尔斯陡崖组局部地点曾有零星报道,但详细的地质填图确认此地有四层含砾泥岩分布。研究表明,这些含砾泥岩可能是水下碎屑流沉积,其生成环境可能是海底扇中扇的水道。对比在南极半岛所发现有大量的含砾泥岩,则进一步表明利文斯顿岛早期地质特征可与南极半岛相比,两者在中－ 新生代岩浆弧形成之前处于相同的构造环境。  相似文献   

Numerical simulation of the propagation of P waves in fractured media   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Sylvie Kelner  Michel Bouchon  & Olivier Coutant 《Geophysical Journal International》1999,137(1):197-206

We study the propagation of P waves through media containing open fractures by performing numerical simulations. The important parameter in such problems is the ratio between crack length and incident wavelength. When the wavelength of the incident wavefield is close to or shorter than the crack length, the scattered waves are efficiently excited and the attenuation of the primary waves can be observed on synthetic seismograms. On the other hand, when the incident wavelength is greater than the crack length, we can simulate the anisotropic behaviour of fractured media resulting from the scattering of seismic waves by the cracks through the time delay of the arrival of the transmitted wave. The method of calculation used is a boundary element method in which the Green's functions are computed by the discrete wavenumber method. For simplicity, the 2-D elastodynamic diffraction problem is considered. The rock matrix is supposed to be elastic, isotropic and homogeneous, while the cracks are all empty and have the same length and strike direction. An iterative method of calculation of the diffracted wavefield is developed in the case where a large number of cracks are present in order to reduce the computation time. The attenuation factor Q ⁻¹ of the direct waves passing through a fractured zone is measured in several frequency bands. We observe that the attenuation factor Q ⁻¹ of the direct P wave peaks around kd = 2, where k is the incident wavenumber and d the crack length, and decreases proportionally to ( kd ) ⁻¹ in the high-wavenumber range. In the long-wavelength domain, the velocity of the direct P wave measured for two different crack realizations is very close to the value predicted by Hudson's theory on the overall elastic properties of fractured materials.  相似文献   

熊耳山地区内生金矿床成矿系列     

葛良胜 《地质与资源》1994,3(2):114-122

按容矿空间和控矿因素,可将熊耳山地区内生金矿床划分为角砾岩型、构造破碎带蚀变岩型、石英脉型及由不同控矿因素复合控制的复合类型等。空间上不同类型之间具有密切的共生过渡关系。太华群原岩中的金在变质热液作用下被活化迁移至有利的构造部位,发生局部富集,形成"矿胚"或"矿胚"的发展,并为后期岩浆热液再次搬运,参与成矿。燕山中晚期钙碱性岩浆岩具较大的成矿能力,是本区金矿床的主要矿源。不同类型矿床稳定同位素及包裹体特征具相似的变化特点,分析表明,成矿流体主要源自岩浆,在成矿早期和晚期,不同地区可能有不同程度的变质水或大气水加入。作者认为,区内不同类型的金矿床是在统一的大地构造环境和成矿背景中形成的,有统一的矿质和介质来源,具相同或相似的成因,以发育角砾岩型金矿床为特点,以构造破碎带蚀变岩和角砾岩型为主要矿床类型,形成一个特定的矿床组合,即熊耳山地区内生金矿床系列。  相似文献   

裂隙岩体非稳态渗流场与损伤场耦合分析模型   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15  

朱珍德  孙钧 《水文地质工程地质》1999,26(2):35-41

本文从流体扩散能量迭加原理,建立了裂隙岩体介质的渗流张量解析表达式,综合应用断裂力学与损伤理论,探讨了复杂应力状态下裂隙岩体的本构关系以及压裂裂纹的起裂准则,建立了裂隙岩体在压剪,拉剪应力状态下损伤演化方程,提出了渗透张量随裂隙损伤发展的关系以及裂隙岩体非稳态渗流场与与损伤场耦合模型。  相似文献   

新疆哈密玉西银矿床特征及成因   总被引：12，自引：3，他引：9  

周济元  崔炳芳  陆彦 《矿床地质》1999,18(3):209-218

玉西银矿床产在中元古界长城系星星峡群黑云斜长片麻岩和藓县系卡瓦布拉克群大理岩间的韧性剪切带、韧脆性破碎带中;矿体呈脉状、透镜状和似层状;矿石由辉银矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿、黄铜矿、石英和黄铁矿等４０余种矿物组成;围岩蚀变有硅化、内铁矿化和碳酸盐化;经历热液成矿期、叠加成矿期和表生成矿期。矿质源自地壳浅部和深部岩石,介质来自地壳封存水、变质水和雨水的混合水,热源主要来自地壳圈层剪切热。在同构造、中低温、中  相似文献   

泥岩地基桥梁钻孔灌注桩承载力试验研究     

钱让清 《煤田地质与勘探》2005,33(3):42-44

根据安徽省安庆市某高速公路桥梁工程3根钻孔灌注桩的单桩竖向抗压静载试验,以及桩身轴力传递和桩侧阻力性状的测试,分析了其静载试验Q~s曲线的特性、桩身轴力传递机理、桩侧阻力和桩端阻力发挥性状,探讨了钻孔方法、泥浆循环等施工因素对钻孔灌注桩的工程性状的影响,揭示了泥岩地基中桥梁钻孔灌注桩的承载力特性和破坏机理模式。   相似文献   

改进的AVAZ方法在裂缝型储层预测中的应用研究          下载免费PDF全文

舒梦珵 《CT理论与应用研究》2017,26(1):45-52

对于裂缝型油气藏,基于叠前方位角地震数据体,利用AVAZ方法进行裂缝属性预测是目前较为有效的裂缝描述手段,然而,由于地震数据通常为窄方位采集,使得不同方位角数据覆盖次数差异较大,导致各方位振幅能量分布不均,最终造成裂缝属性预测中产生趋势性误差。振幅归一化处理技术应用到现有的AVAZ方法中,该方法能够有效地降低因数据采集所造成的趋势性误差,预测结果会更为真实、可靠。在实际油田的应用中,振幅归一化技术显著改善了AVAZ方法对裂缝属性预测的准确性,取得了较好的效果。   相似文献   

Lagoon–tidal flat sedimentation in an epeiric sea: Proterozoic Bhander Group,Son Valley,India     

Chandan Chakraborty 《Geological Journal》2001,36(2):125-141

The Bhander Group, the uppermost stratigraphic unit of the Proterozoic Vindhyan Supergroup in Son Valley, exhibits in its upper part a 550 m thick, muddy siliciclastic succession characterized by features indicative of deposition in a wave‐affected coastal, lagoon–tidal flat environment suffering repeated submergence and emergence. The basic architecture of the deposit is alternation of centimetre‐ to decimetre‐thick sheet‐like interbeds of coarser clastics (mainly sandstone) and decimetre‐thick mudstones. The coarser interlayers are dominated by a variety of ripple‐formed laminations. The preserved ripple forms on bed‐top surfaces and their internal lamination style suggest both oscillatory and combined flows for their formation. Interference, superimposed, ladder‐back and flat‐topped ripples are also common. Synsedimentary cracks, wrinkle marks, features resembling rain prints and adhesion structures occur in profusion on bed‐top surfaces. Salt pseudomorphs are also present at the bases of beds. The mudstone intervals represent suspension settlement and show partings with interfaces characterized by synsedimentary cracks. It is inferred that the sediments were deposited on a coastal plain characterized by a peritidal (supratidal–intertidal) flat and evaporative lagoon suffering repeated submergence and emergence due to storm‐induced coastal setup and setdown in addition to tidal fluctuations. The 550 m thick coastal flat succession is surprisingly devoid of any barrier bar deposits and also lacks shoreface and shelfal strata. The large areal extent of the coastal flat succession (c. 100,000 km²) and its great thickness indicate an extremely low‐gradient epeiric basin characterized by an extensive coastal flat sheltered from the deeper marine domain. It is inferred that the Bhander coastal flat was protected from the open sea by the Bundelkhand basement arch to the north of the Vindhyan basin, instead of barrier bars. Such a setting favoured accumulation of a high proportion of terrigenous mud in the coastal plain, in contrast to many described examples from the Proterozoic. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

裂隙岩体宏观力学参数的二维数值模拟   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

谢云跃 《地质与勘探》2015,51(2):376-382

岩体通常含许多不同尺度的裂隙,因而力学性质非常复杂。由于现场测试及常规实验室试验常受各种条件的限制,因而其不能准确反映岩体的宏观物理力学性质。本文基于有限元分析软件对二维情况下的完整岩体和含不同倾角的软弱夹层的岩体在单轴和双轴压缩下进行了数值模拟,得到岩体变形的应力-应变曲线。该类曲线能反映裂隙对岩体力学参数的影响,对于指导工程实践有一定的意义,并且为获取岩体力学参数提供了新的途径。  相似文献