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341.
The response of the aquatic macroinvertebrate communities to freshwater releases of different magnitude and persistence was investigated in two Mediterranean coastal lagoons (Ca l’Arana and Ricarda). The study was carried out during 14 months (June 2004–July 2005) in which different environmental variables and the macroinvertebrate communities associated with two different habitats, the Phragmites australis belt and the deep area of the lagoons, were sampled monthly. Additionally, potential colonizing sources were identified through the analysis of Chironomidae pupal exuviae. The initial response of the communities to the freshwater releases was similar, being characterized by a peak of opportunistic taxa (mainly Naididae), but the late response was different for each lagoon. In the Ca l’Arana, the magnitude of the freshwater release was higher (salinity dropped below five, which is the limit commonly established for most freshwater species) and its persistence was also higher, allowing the colonization of the lagoon by new insect taxa, which replaced the brackish water species. In the Ricarda, the salinity never dropped beyond five and pre-disturbance conditions were rapidly re-established. This, together with the acclimatizing mechanisms showed by the species Chironomus riparius and Hediste diversicolor, permitted the recovery of the pre-disturbance macroinvertebrate community. 相似文献
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阿拉伯海淡水输运量的季节变化特征研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
本文利用简单海洋模式同化再分析产品等资料,阐述了阿拉伯海与赤道西印度洋,阿拉伯海与阿曼湾之间淡水输运量的季节变化特征,揭示了阿拉伯海淡水输运量的基本平衡和季节变化特征。结果表明,阿拉伯海得到的淡水输运量(包括来自赤道西印度洋、河流)和失去的淡水输运量(包括降水量减蒸发量、向阿曼湾输运)基本相当。阿拉伯海通过海气交换失去的淡水(降水量减蒸发量)主要由来自赤道西印度洋(包括孟加拉湾)的淡水输运来补偿,赤道西印度洋向阿拉伯海的淡水输运对维持阿拉伯海的盐度基本平衡起到至关重要的作用。阿拉伯海的淡水输运量在1?6月和12月为负值,失去淡水;7?11月为正值,9月最大,得到淡水。阿拉伯海的净淡水输运量的季节变化特征表现为单峰现象。阿拉伯海与赤道西印度洋(9°N断面)的淡水输运量主要出现在表层至约200 m层,多年平均约为0.1×106 m3/s,向阿拉伯海输运。从10月至翌年3月,来自孟加拉湾的低盐水向阿拉伯海输运,该输运主要出现在印度半岛西南端近海约60 m层以浅区域。夏季和秋季,出现在索马里半岛东部海域的涡旋(大回旋)引起的输运(涡旋的西部低盐水向北输运,东部高盐水向南输运),不仅输运量是一年当中最大的,而且影响的深度可达约300 m。该输运从6月开始形成,8?9月最强,11月迅速减弱。阿拉伯海与阿曼湾的淡水输运量较小,其垂直分布呈现3层结构,表层至10 m层,高盐水向阿拉伯海输运;15~170 m层,低盐水向阿曼湾输运;175~400 m层,高盐水向阿拉伯海输运。阿曼湾湾口断面多年平均淡水输运量约为0.39×104 m3/s,向阿曼湾输运。 相似文献
344.
Arctic sea ice has significant seasonal variability. Prior to the 2000 s, it retreated about 15% in summer and fully recovered in winter. However, by the year 2007, Arctic sea ice extent experienced a catastrophic decline to about 4.28×10^6 km^2, which was 50% lower than conditions in the 1950 s to the 1970 s(Serreze et al., 2008). That was a record low over the course of the modern satellite record, since 1979(note that the year 2012 became the new record low). This astonishing event drew wide-ranging attention in 2007-2009 during the 4 th International Polar Year. The dramatic decline of sea ice attracts many scientists’ interest and has become the focus of intense research since then. Currently, sea ice retreat is not only appearing around the marginal ice zone, but also in the pack ice inside the central Arctic(Zhao et al., 2018). In fact, premonitory signs had already been seen through other evidence. Before the disintegration of the Soviet Union, US naval submarines had been conducting an extensive survey under the sea ice and taking measurements of sea ice thickness. Their measurements revealed a gradual decrease of ice thickness to 1.8 m during winter by the end of the 20 th century, in contrast to the climatological mean of 3.1 m(Rothrock et al., 1999). However, this alarming result did not draw much attention since the Arctic was still severely cold at that time. 相似文献
345.
Francisca Arratia Pamela Olivares-Ferretti Alba García-Rodríguez Ricard Marcos 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2019,53(3):460-469
Copper-based nanoparticles (NPs) are being widely used in different application fields and their health impacts to aquatic environments represent a current concern. Few studies are available about their comparative toxicity with their bulks and ions under natural exposition in aquatic organisms. Thus, the toxicity of Cu and CuO NPs and their microparticle and ionic forms was assayed in the acute immobilisation test of Daphnia magna by using freshwater media. Electronic microscopy, laser doppler velocimetry, and dynamic laser scattering methodologies were used to NPs characterisation. The results indicated that CuNPs and CuONPs were more toxic than their microparticles. Among NPs, CuNPs showed higher toxicity than CuONPs. Copper-based nanoparticles showed similar hydrodynamic particle size and were agglomerated in culture media, suggesting toxic-ionic release relationship and corroborated by the high toxicity induced by CuSO4. Additionally, water chemistry of natural freshwater used in the experiments also favoured the ion release of these NPs. 相似文献
346.
黄河三角洲淡水底栖动物名录 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
1996年对黄河三角洲9条代表性河流和3座代表性水库进行了2次底栖动物调查,共鉴定出底栖动物69种,隶属于38科62属。 相似文献
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348.
阿拉伯海东南海域盐度收支的季节变化 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用SODA海洋同化产品的月平均资料,本文分析了阿拉伯海东南海域表层盐度的季节变化特征,发现局地海面淡水通量不能解释盐度的变化。两个典型区域的表层海水盐度收支分析表明,海洋的平流输送是造成阿拉伯海东南海域盐度冬季降低、夏季升高的主要原因,而淡水通量仅在夏季印度西侧沿岸区域造成盐度降低。冬季,东北季风环流将孟加拉湾北部的低盐水沿同纬度输送到阿拉伯海,然后向北输送,使表层海水盐度降低;夏季,西南季风环流把阿拉伯海西北部的高盐水向南、向东输送,使阿拉伯海东南海域盐度升高。受地理位置因素的影响,阿拉伯海东南海域表层盐度的变化冬季明显强于夏季。 相似文献
349.
飞云江、鳌江流域的淡水贝类 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
报告了 1984 年在飞云江、鳌江流域淡水贝类的调查结果。标本经鉴定有 49 种(含未定种 5种),其中腹足纲32 种(含未定种2 种),瓣鳃纲17 种(含未定种 3 种)。分析了该流域的常见种和偶见种,广生种和狭生种。探讨了该流域淡水贝类的分布区划和经济意义。 相似文献
350.