A numerical study on the density driven circulation in the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass     

Zhou  Chunyan  Dong  Ping  Li  Guangxue 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2015,14(3):457-463

The circulation of Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass(YSCWM) in the Southern Yellow Sea is investigated using a diagnostic 2D MITgcm model. The resolution of the computational grid is 900 m in the horizontal and 2 m in the vertical where an initial temperature distribution corresponding to a typical measured Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass was applied. The existence of YSCWM that causes fluid density difference, is shown to produce counter-rotating cyclonic horizontal eddies in the surface layer: the inner one is anti-cyclonic(clockwise) and relatively weaker(8–10 cm s-1) while the outer one is cyclonic(anti-clockwise) and much stronger(15–20 cm s-1). This result is consistent with the surface pattern observed by Pang et al.(2004), who has shown that a mesoscale anti-cyclonic eddy(clockwise) exists in the upper layer of central southern Yellow Sea, and a basin-scale cyclonic(anticlockwise) gyre lies outside of the anti-cyclonic eddy, based on the trajectories and drifting velocities of 23 drifters. Below the thermocline, there is an anti-cyclonic(clockwise) circulation. This complex current eddy system is considered to be capable of trapping suspended sediments and depositing them near the front between YSCWM and the coastal waters off the Subei coast, providing an explanation on the sediment depth and size distribution of mud patches in the Southern Yellow Sea. Moreover, sensitive test scenarios indicate that variations of bottom friction do not substantially change the main features of the circulation structure, but will reduce the bottom current velocity, increase the surface current velocity and weaken the upwelling around the frontal area.  相似文献   

面向多粒度时空对象数据模型的网络电子地图生成方法     

郭玮  谷宇航  江南 《地球信息科学学报》2022,24(7):1264-1274

传统网络电子地图生成是以要素进行组织的,在表达地理实体动态变化、关联关系以及多粒度特征时存在一定的局限性。而多粒度时空对象数据模型旨在解决现实世界到对象所组成的事物空间之间的映射这一科学问题,为时空实体的可视化提供了新的思路,为展示地图要素间复杂关联、多维动态等特征提供了模型基础和数据保证。本文将多粒度时空对象数据模型引入网络电子地图生成当中,渐进得改变了以往网络电子地图依靠图层数据生成的模式,基于多粒度时空对象的概念、模型框架以及数据存储与管理方式,提出了2种网络电子地图生成方法。一种是利用多粒度时空对象数据重建图层,为现有网络制图工具提供“中间件”,使其能够调度和使用多粒度时空对象数据;另一种是将多粒度时空对象数据和地图符号进行绑定,使网络电子地图不再依赖于图层而能根据多粒度时空对象动态更新,同时便于将对象之间的关系、组成结构等非结构化属性特征进行可视化。同时,本文通过实验验证了2种方法的可行性,为多粒度时空对象在网络电子制图领域的应用进行了有效实践。  相似文献   

青藏高原感热气泵影响亚洲夏季风的机制   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

吴国雄  刘屹岷  何编  包庆  王子谦 《大气科学》2018,42(3):488-504

本文回顾了二十年来关于青藏高原感热驱动气泵(TP-SHAP)及其影响亚洲夏季风的研究进展,并从能量(θ)、位涡—加热(PV–Q)、和角动量守恒(AMC)的不同角度阐述其影响机制。指出高原斜坡上的表面感热加热改变了移向高原的大气质块的能量从而出现垂直抽吸的重要性。强调了高原加热产生的位涡强迫在近地层制造了强度大范围广的、环绕高原的气旋式环流,把丰沛的水汽从海洋输运到大陆,为季风对流降水提供充足的水汽条件。证明高原加热还通过改变其上空的温、压场的结构从而制造出高原上空近对流层顶的绝对涡度和位涡的最小值,在角动量平衡约束下,在亚洲季风区激发出与Hadley环流反向的季风经圈环流,从而为季风发生发展提供了大范围上升运动的背景。文中还对近年来有关青藏高原影响亚洲夏季风机制的讨论进行概述,并展望了未来的研究方向。  相似文献   

Average sand particle trajectory examined by the Raindrop Detachment and Wind‐driven Transport (RD‐WDT) process     

G. Erpul  D. Gabriels  W. M. Cornelis  H. Samray  T. Guzelordu 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2009,34(9):1270-1278

Recent studies of soil loss by the integrated action of raindrop impact and wind transport have demonstrated the significance of this mechanism. This paper presents data obtained during wind‐tunnel experiments examining the ‘Raindrop Detachment and Wind‐driven Transport’ (RD‐WDT) process to investigate average sand particle trajectory and the spatial extent at which the process operates. In the experimental design, at the same time as the horizontal wind velocities of 6·4, 10, and 12 m s^–1 passed through the tunnel, rainfall was simulated falling on very well sorted dune sand. The aspect and slope of the sand bed was varied to reproduce both windward (Ww) and leeward (Lw) slopes of 4º and 9º with respect to the prevailing wind direction. The average sand particle trajectories by the RD‐WDT process ( ) were estimated by a mass‐distribution function, which was integrated over a 7‐m uniform slope segment. The results showed that depended statistically upon the wind shear velocity (u*), and the effect of the slope gradient (θ) was insignificant on . This was different from that of the windless rain process ( ), ‘Raindrop Detachment and Splash‐driven Transport’ (RD‐ST), the spatial range of which relies strongly on θ. Additionally, was approximately 2·27 ± 2·2 times greater than the average path of a typical saltating sand particle of the rainless wind ( ), ‘Wind Erosion Saltation Transport’ (WE‐ST). Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

An ANN application for water quality forecasting   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

Palani S  Liong SY  Tkalich P 《Marine pollution bulletin》2008,56(9):1586-1597

Rapid urban and coastal developments often witness deterioration of regional seawater quality. As part of the management process, it is important to assess the baseline characteristics of the marine environment so that sustainable development can be pursued. In this study, artificial neural networks (ANNs) were used to predict and forecast quantitative characteristics of water bodies. The true power and advantage of this method lie in its ability to (1) represent both linear and non-linear relationships and (2) learn these relationships directly from the data being modeled. The study focuses on Singapore coastal waters. The ANN model is built for quick assessment and forecasting of selected water quality variables at any location in the domain of interest. Respective variables measured at other locations serve as the input parameters. The variables of interest are salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and chlorophyll-a. A time lag up to 2Deltat appeared to suffice to yield good simulation results. To validate the performance of the trained ANN, it was applied to an unseen data set from a station in the region. The results show the ANN's great potential to simulate water quality variables. Simulation accuracy, measured in the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency (R(2)), ranged from 0.8 to 0.9 for the training and overfitting test data. Thus, a trained ANN model may potentially provide simulated values for desired locations at which measured data are unavailable yet required for water quality models.  相似文献   

饱和土中沉管灌注桩常见缺陷及Q-S曲线特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王政梅  周艳娥 《贵州地质》2000,17(4):279-282

本文叙述了在饱和土中使用沉管灌注桩常见缺陷,如断桩、缩颈、夹泥、抽空等以及造成缺陷的原因和对应和Ｑ－Ｓ曲线特征,对于缺陷控制和基础补强有一定的参考价值。  相似文献   

浙江遂昌银-金矿田构造体系控矿的动力成生演化          下载免费PDF全文

王思源  肖骑兵  曾建国 《地球科学》2000,(4)

矿田构造的解析是研究矿床成因、成矿规律及找矿预测的重要手段 ,也是遂昌银 -金矿田研究的一个较薄弱的环节 .将地质力学的体系分析与板块理论相结合 ,首先对矿田成矿地质特征作了简要描述 ,提出矿田内存在早、晚两期矿化作用 ,即 :吕梁期 (Ag -Au)和燕山期(Pb·Zn -FeS2 ,Au -Ag) ,并在此基础上 ,确立了矿田控矿构造体系为陡倾折面体系、格状叠改体系以及川字型断裂破矿体系 .然后 ,通过鉴定不同成矿期矿田所处板块环境 ,确立了控制矿田的区域应力场 ,进而分析了不同期控矿构造体系的板块驱动机制 .  相似文献   

打入桩承载力确定方法对安全系数的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李典庆 《岩土力学》2006,27(10):1733-1738

在传统的容许应力设计方法中桩基承载力安全系数取决于桩基承载力的确定方法,然而,基于经验选择的承载力安全系数缺少理论依据,为此,基于贝叶斯理论和线性回归方法提出了评价桩基承载力确定方法对承载力安全系数影响的方法,给出了现行规范对于不同承载力确定方法采用不同安全系数的理论依据,阐明了桩基动力测试降低安全系数的理论依据,并以7种桩基设计方法为例,分析了承载力确定方法对安全系数的影响。结果表明,采用所提出的方法计算的安全系数基本上与现行的经验值相一致,表明精确的承载力确定方法可以有效地降低承载力安全系数,设计方法、承载力确定方法和水平都对安全系数有影响,但当承载力试验桩的数目足够多时,安全系数对于设计方法的精确性不敏感。  相似文献   

珊瑚礁地质大直径钢管打入桩承载特性研究     

刘修成  徐杰  游新鹏  谢锋 《海洋工程》2019,37(6):157-163

马尔代夫中马友谊大桥采用钻孔灌注桩基础,主墩基础施工过程中,将35根大直径钢护筒施沉至中等—强胶结礁灰岩地层,作为钻孔平台的临时桩基础。以主墩大直径钢护筒沉桩记录为依据,并结合高应变动力检测方法,对珊瑚礁地质大直径打入桩的承载性能进行研究。研究结果表明:1)以钙质砂为主的覆盖层侧阻力较小; 2)礁灰岩侧阻力随胶结程度的增加而增大; 3)中等—强胶结礁灰岩可以作为打入桩的持力层,端阻力约占总承载力的70%; 4)打入桩的承载力恢复系数较小,仅为1.1。  相似文献   

Factors affecting the size of spores of Myxidium zealandicum Hine, 1975 (Protozoa : Myxosporida)     

P. M. Hine 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(2):215-223

Variations in the size and shape of Myxidium zealandicum spores were not related to cyst size or host size, but variation was apparent between host species and individual fish. Spores from Anguilla australis were larger (7.9–15.3 μm long) and more uniform in shape than the small (6.1–11.7 μm long) inegularly shaped spores from A. dieffenbachii. Spore size was also consistent between cysts in individual A. australis, but variable between cysts in A. dieffenbachii. Abnormal spores were rare in A. australis, but more common and associated with small arcuate spores in A. dieffenbachii.

It is proposed that size and shape are genetically determined but may be highly modified by the biochemistry/physiology of the host at the site of sporogony. A. australis is a more suitable host for M. zealandicum than A. dieffenbachii, and constancy in spore size between cysts in A. australis was attributed to plasmotomy prior to sporogony. Spore valve striation numbers are genetically determined and variable, but no trends in variation were discernable. Cyst shape may be of taxonomic use within a host species, but not between host species.  相似文献