云南因民铁铜矿区辉长岩类中黑云母-金红石化特征及其指示意义     

孙紫坚  方维萱  鲁佳  王同荣  郭玉乾  宋丽红 《现代地质》2017,31(2):267

对云南因民铁铜矿区深部辉长岩类中金红石、黑云母、碳酸盐和绿泥石的矿物地球化学特征进行研究,以探讨赋存于辉长岩类中的铁氧化物铜金型矿(化)体的成岩成矿环境。金红石由岩浆结晶和多期蚀变作用形成,其结晶温度为820~1 082 ℃,多期蚀变温度为444~730 ℃,金红石与黑云母密切共生;黑云母可划分为原生高钛镁质黑云母、热液蚀变镁质黑云母和铁质黑云母,形成温度分别为653~750 ℃、525~619 ℃和551~577 ℃,氧逸度均位于Ni NiO缓冲剂附近,表明黑云母形成于高温强氧化环境,有利于金红石化;铁白云石-菱铁矿化揭示了强还原环境,交代蚀变金红石;绿泥石多由铁镁矿物蚀变形成,形成于中低温(174~243 ℃)、低氧逸度(-4468~-5142)和高硫逸度(-1442~-1976)的强还原环境,有利于金属硫化物形成。本区岩浆结晶演化和黑云母-金红石化蚀变具有高温强氧化地球化学岩相学特征,有利于钛、铁矿化,后期叠加中低温强还原地球化学岩相,为IOCG矿床成矿的有利地球化学岩相学类型。  相似文献   

甘肃北山红柳疙瘩钛铁矿含矿岩体特征及找矿意义          下载免费PDF全文

李延涛  熊文勃  张向文  黄瀚清 《甘肃地质》2017,26(2):44-50

红柳疙瘩岩体位于塔里木板块北缘的北山裂谷带,岩体侵位于下石炭统红柳园组,主要岩石类型为含橄榄石角闪辉长岩和角闪方辉橄榄岩,岩石中赋存钛铁矿,具有全岩矿化特点。岩体出露长度6 km,宽度0.5 km,呈NE向展布,岩体经逆断层作用推覆至中生代碎屑岩之上。本文对矿区橄榄岩开展主要元素分析,研究结果显示岩石m/f比值为0.16~0.33,为富铁质超基性岩,具有低碱(Na_2O+K_2O)、MgO,高TiO_2、Al_2O_3和TFe(Fe_2O_3+FeO)特征。AR-SiO_2和FAM图解显示岩体原始岩浆属亚碱性拉斑玄武系列;岩体具有较低的Mg#(0.30~0.49),说明岩浆演化过程中发生了明显的结晶分异作用,钛铁矿的富集与岩浆的结晶分异作用相关。红柳疙瘩钛铁矿经深部钻探工程控制,圈定钛铁矿36条,主要矿体有7条,长度200 m~700 m,控制斜深75 m~150 m,平均厚度4.02 m~13.97 m,呈层状、不规则透镜状,TiO_2平均品位6.37%~7.19%,TFe品均品位为14.60%。对该岩体含矿性分析,有助于北山地区的勘查找矿。  相似文献   

西藏拉萨地块南缘雄村矿集区首次发现早石炭世辉长岩:古特提斯洋的残留?   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郎兴海  唐菊兴  邓煜霖  谢富伟  杨宗耀  崔志伟  王旭辉  李志军  张忠  张金树  黄勇 《地球学报》2017,38(5):745-753

拉萨地块是研究特提斯洋形成演化和青藏高原陆内汇聚作用的关键地区,前人对拉萨地块中新生代构造演化过程进行了大量的研究,而对于古生代演化阶段研究较为薄弱。本文以拉萨地块南缘雄村矿集区新发现的辉长岩为研究对象,对雄村辉长岩进行锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年,探讨其反映的构造意义。雄村辉长岩中锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄为(341.55±0.89)Ma,表明其形成于早石炭世。结合区域地质演化过程,认为早石炭世雄村辉长岩可能是古特提斯洋的残留,新的年龄数据将为研究拉萨地块和特提斯洋的演化过程提供重要的约束。  相似文献   

The effect of a hydrous phase on P‐wave velocity anisotropy within a detachment shear zone in the slow‐spreading oceanic crust: A case study from the Godzilla Megamullion,Philippine Sea          下载免费PDF全文

Katsuyoshi Michibayashi  Tohru Watanabe  Yumiko Harigane  Yasuhiko Ohara 《Island Arc》2016,25(3):209-219

We studied the contributions of plagioclase, clinopyroxene, and amphibole to the P‐wave velocity properties of gabbroic mylonites of the Godzilla Megamullion (site KH07‐02‐D18) in the Parece Vela Rift of the central Parece Vela Basin, Philippine Sea, based on their crystal‐preferred orientations (CPOs), mineral modes, and elastic constants and densities of single crystals. The gabbroic mylonites have been classified into three types based on their microstructures and temperature conditions: HT1, HT2 and medium‐temperature (MT) mylonites. The P‐wave velocity properties of the HT1 mylonite are dominantly influenced by plagioclase CPOs. Secondary amphibole occurred after deformation in the HT1 mylonite, so that its effect on P‐wave velocity anisotropy is minimal due to weak CPOs. Although the HT2 mylonite developed deformation microstructures in the three minerals, the P‐wave velocity properties of the HT2 mylonite are essentially isotropic, resulting from the destructive interference of different P‐wave velocity anisotropy patterns produced by the distinct CPOs of the three constituent minerals (i.e., plagioclase, clinopyroxene, and amphibole). The P‐wave velocity properties of the MT mylonite are influenced mainly by amphibole CPOs, whereas the effect of plagioclase CPOs on P‐wave velocity anisotropy becomes very small with a decrease in the intensity of plagioclase CPOs. As a result, the gabbroic mylonites tend to have weak P‐wave velocity anisotropy in seismic velocity, although their constituent minerals show distinct CPOs. Such weakness in the whole‐rock P‐wave velocity anisotropy could result from the destructive contributions of the different mineral CPOs with respect to the structural framework (foliation and lineation). These results show that amphibole has a high potential for P‐wave velocity anisotropy by aligning both crystallographically and dimensionally during deformation in the hydrous oceanic crust. The results also suggest that the effect of a hydrous phase on P‐wave velocity anisotropy within the detachment shear zone in a slow‐spreading oceanic crust varies depending on the degree of deformation and on the timing of hydrothermal activity.  相似文献   

Genetic algorithm for fitting a mixed Bingham distribution to 3D orientations: a tool for the statistical and paleostress analyses of fracture orientations          下载免费PDF全文

Atsushi Yamaji 《Island Arc》2016,25(1):72-83

The clustering of fracture orientations is important for tectonic studies and for geotechnical engineering. In this study, a real‐coded genetic algorithm was adopted to fitting a mixed Bingham distribution to orientation data by maximizing the log‐likelihood function of the distribution. The maximization is a difficult problem, because the function has multimodality and singularity. It was found that the algorithm was effective for this problem. Given the orientations of dilational fractures, the present method determines not only the stress axes and stress ratio of each of the fracture groups but also the maximum non‐dimensionalized fluid pressure at the time of their formation. In addition, the software calculates the 95 % error ellipses of the concentration axes. The present method found that the orientations of ore veins of the Akenobe Mine, SW Japan, should be partitioned into three clusters. It is shown that two of the groups had distinctive Zn and Sn contents, and that the ore fluids had overpressures only slightly greater than the minimum principal stress at the time of the deposition of Zn‐ and Sn‐rich veins.  相似文献   

Root properties of vegetation communities and their impact on the erosion resistance of river dikes   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

Wouter Vannoppen  Jean Poesen  Patrik Peeters  Sarah De Baets  Bart Vandevoorde 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2016,41(14):2038-2046

Predicted climate change and the associated sea level rise poses an increased threat of flooding due to wave overtopping events at sea and river dikes. To safeguard the land from flooding it is important to keep the soil erosion resistance at the dikes high. As plant roots can be very effective in reducing soil erosion rates by concentrated flow, the main goal of this study is to explore the variability in root system characteristics of five dike vegetation communities along the Scheldt River (Belgium) and to assess their effectiveness in controlling soil erosion rates during concentrated flow. This study is the first one to investigate systematically the erosion‐reducing potential of the root properties of representative dike vegetation communities in a temperate humid climate. Results show that the presence of Urtica dioica resulted in large differences in root length density (RLD) among dike vegetation communities. Observed RLD values in the topsoil ranged from 129 to 235 km m^‐3 for dike vegetation communities without U. dioica, while smaller values ranging from 22 to 58 km m^?3 were found for vegetation communities with U. dioica. The erosion‐reducing effect of the dike vegetation communities was estimated based on a global Hill curve model, linking the RLD to the soil detachment ratio (SDR; i.e. the ratio of the soil detachment rate for root‐permeated topsoils to the soil detachment rate for root‐free topsoils). Concentrated flow erosion rates are likely to be reduced to 13–16% of the erosion rates for root‐free topsoils if U. dioica is absent compared to 22–30% for vegetation communities with U. dioica. Hence, to maintain a high resistance of the soil against concentrated flow erosion it is important to avoid the overgrowth of grassland by U. dioica through an effective vegetation management. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Understanding and managing the morphology of branches incising into sand-clay deposits in the Dutch Rhine Delta     

Kees SLOFF  Ary VAN SPIJK  Esther STOUTHAMER  Arjan SIEBEN 《国际泥沙研究》2013,28(2):127-138

In the Rhine-Meuse delta in the south-western part of the Netherlands,the morphology of the river branches is highly dependent on the erodibility of the subsoil.Erosion processes that were initiated after closure of the Haringvliet estuary branch by a dam(in 1970),caused a strong incision of several connecting branches.Due to the geological evolution of this area the lithology of the subsoil shows large variations in highly erodible sand and poorly erodible peat and clay layers.This study shows how the geological information can be used to create 3D maps of the erodibility of the sub-soil, and how this information can be used to schematize the sub-soil in computational models for morphological simulations.Local incisement of sand patches between areas with poorly erodible bed causes deep scour holes,hence increasing the risk on river-bank instability(flow slides) and damage to constructions such as groynes,quays,tunnels, and pipelines.Various types of mathematical models,ranging from 1D(SOBEK) to quasi-3D(Delft3D) have been applied to study the future development of the river bed and possible management options.The results of these approaches demonstrate that models require inclusion of a layer-bookkeeping approach for sub-soil schematization, non-uniform sediment fractions(sand-mud),tidal and river-discharge boundary conditions,and capacity-reduction transport modeling.For risk-reducing river management it has been shown how the development of the river bed can be addressed on a large scale and small scale.For instance,the use of sediment feeding and fixation of bed can be proposed for large-scale management,while monitoring and interventions at initiation of erosion can be proposed as response to small-scale developments that exceed predefined intervention levels.  相似文献   

东昆仑喀雅克登塔格辉长岩体地球化学研究及大地构造意义     

任二峰  张桂林  邱炜  安守文 《矿产与地质》2012,(4):334-338,343

对东昆仑喀雅克登塔格地区的辉长岩所进行的时代及地球化学研究发现,该辉长岩为早泥盆世,属钙碱性系列,有向富镁方向演化的特点,岩石稀土总量根据测试精度在28.9×10-6～154×10-6,（La/Yb）N比值大于1,在4.1～5.1之间,表现为岩石显轻稀土富集特征（LREE/HREE在3.52～5.60）,岩石的Sm/Nd在0.23～0.25间,指示来源区可能与亏损地幔有关。δCe值在0.87～1.00,表现为负Ce异常,辉长岩来源于壳幔接合部位或富集型地幔源区.结合玄武岩构造环境判别图解可知,该辉长岩构造环境应是祁漫塔格加里东造山带造山后伸展环境下的产物。  相似文献   

黄陵野马洞基性岩脉中锆石的U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素组成   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵敏  魏君奇  王建雄 《华南地质与矿产》2012,28(2):124-131

采用激光剥蚀-等离子质谱(LA-ICP-MS)分析技术测定野马洞基性岩脉中锆石的U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素组成,以探讨黄陵地区TTG片麻岩原岩的形成及变质时间、是否存在比崆岭群更古老的地壳等问题。野马洞辉绿岩脉(1850 Ma)侵入TTG片麻岩,并从TTG片麻岩中捕获了大量捕掳晶锆石。捕掳晶锆石岩浆结晶核部的U-Pb年龄分别为2842 Ma、2900 Ma和2949 Ma,指示TTG花岗岩体为复式岩体,其至少经历了2949 Ma、2900 Ma和2842 Ma三期岩浆作用。捕掳晶锆石变质边部的U-Pb年龄为2557 Ma,指示TTG花岗岩体转变为TTG片麻岩,是"水月寺运动"及其构造热事件共同作用的结果,其变形变质的时间为2557～2511 Ma。捕掳晶锆石的εHf(t)为-9.85～0.89、平均值为-4.07,亏损地幔模式年龄TDM为3.6～3.2 Ga,指示黄陵地区存在比崆岭群(3.2 Ga)更古老的陆壳。  相似文献   

岩脉的侵位机制对成矿作用的约束 ———以内蒙古大井锡多金属矿床为例   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李德东 《地质与勘探》2012,48(3):538-545

[摘 要] 岩脉的侵位机制对理解岩脉和矿脉的侵位过程有着重要的意义。本文详细介绍了岩脉 的侵位机制,并以大井锡多金属矿床为例初步探讨了矿区内岩脉与矿脉的关系。研究表明,区域上主要 受NW-SE 向的挤压应力,在海西期向燕山期转变阶段,区域应力场并没有发生变化,只是林西断块发 生了顺时针转动的结果。矿区范围内,同样受NW-SE 向挤压应力作用,块体也发生了相应的变化,推测 矿区西南向北东方向挤压应力逐渐减小,隆升剥蚀量也随之减小。整体上,岩脉侵位于先存裂隙,矿脉 侵位于岩脉形成的构造空间,局部具有互相穿插的现象。通过岩脉和矿脉的侵位过程,认为矿区西部寻 找斑岩型矿床潜力较大。  相似文献