Structures in the banded iron-formation of the southeastern Bababudan Hills, Karnataka, India     

Dhruba Mukhopadhyay  Mohan C. Baral  Ranjan K. Niyogi 《Journal of Earth System Science》1997,106(4):259-276

The banded iron-formation in the southeastern Bababudan Hills display a macroscopic synformal bend gently plunging towards WNW. The bedding planes in smaller individual sectors show a cylindrical or conical pattern of folding. The dominant set of minor folds has WNW-ESE trending axial planes and the axes plunge towards WNW at gentle to moderate angles, though there is considerable variation in orientation of both axes and axial planes. A later set of sporadically observed folds has N-S trending axial planes. The macroscopic synformal bend within the study area forms the southeastern corner of a horseshoe shaped regional synformal fold closure which encompasses the entire Bababudan range. The minor folds are buckle folds modified to a varying extent by flattening. In some examples the quartzose layers appear to be more competent than the ferruginous layers; in others the reverse is true. The folds are frequently noncylindrical and the axes show curvature with branching and en echelon patterns. Such patterns are interpreted to be the result of complex linking of progressively growing folds whose initiation is controlled by the presence of original perturbations in the layers. Domes and basins have at places developed as a result of shortening along two perpendicular directions in a constrictional type of strain. Development of folds at different stages of progressive deformation has given rise to nonparallelism of fold axes and axial planes. The axes and axial planes of smaller folds developed on the limbs of a larger fold are often oriented oblique to those of the latter. Progressive deformation has caused rotation and bending of axial planes of earlier formed folds by those developed at later stages of the same deformational episode. Coaxial recumbent to nearly reclined fold locally encountered on the N-S limb of the macroscopic fold may belong to an earlier episode of deformation or to the early stage of the main deformation episode. The E-W to ESE-WNW strike of axial plane of the regional fold system in the Bababudan belt contrasts with the N-S to NNW-SSE strike of axial planes of the main fold system in the Chitradurga and other schist belts of Karnataka.  相似文献   

实际体系矿物共生关系的矩阵代数投影分析──以河南杨乃沟泥质片岩为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李心清  殷辉安  闻辂 《矿物学报》1994,(3)

本文以河南省西峡县杨乃沟泥质片岩为研究对象，在矿物学工作的基础上，把Greenwood矩阵代数投影分析方法成功地运用到了实际的矿物共生分析中，讨论了杨乃沟泥质片岩的矿物共生关系和某些组分对共生关系的影响，更进一步地揭示了该方法的潜在意义和优越性，同时表明：矩阵代数投影分析方法不仅适用于具理想组分的体系，而且也适用于实际的矿物岩石体系。  相似文献   

Mineralogy and petrology of a piemontite-bearing schist, western Otago, New Zealand   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

YOSUKE KAWACHI  RODNEY H. GRAPES  DOUGLAS S. COOMBS  MARTIN DOWSE 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1983,1(4):353-372

Abstract. Pink piemontite-spessartine-bearing and grey-green spessartine-bearing manganiferous quartzose schists derived from siliceous pelagites, and green quartzofeldspathic schists, are described from the greenschist facies of the Haast Schist terrane, near Arrow Junction, western Otago. Electron microprobe data are reported for sphene, spessartine-rich garnet, manganoan epidote, piemontite, tourmaline, phengitic muscovite, chlorite, albite, haematite, rutile, manganoan calcite and chalcopyrite. Metamorphism occurred at about 6.4kbar, 400°C. X_co2 was above the quartz-rutile-calcite-sphene buffer (X_co2± 0.02) throughout the recorded metamorphic history of the piemontite schists. It dropped from above to below this critical buffering value in a spessartine-rich schist and it was close to or below the buffering value in the quartzofeldspathic schists. Production of piemontite required high f_O2, believed to be inherited from MnO_x in the parent pelagite. Substantial loss of O₂ (e.g. minimum of 0.19% by weight in one rock) during diagenesis and/or metamorphism is inferred. In the grey-green schists this inhibited piemontite formation. Slight loss of O₂ and Ca²⁺ accompanied minor late-stage replacement of piemontite by second generation spessartine. Observed zoning and mineral replacements indicate rise of temperature, drop in pressure, or invasion by solutions of lower f_O2 and X_CO2 equilibrated with surrounding schists. The detailed chemistry of the minerals studied correlates with available Mn and with bulk-rock (Fe³⁺ x 100)/(Fe²⁺+ Fe³⁺). The oxidation ratio ranges from 24 in average green quartzofeldspathic schist, through 78 in average grey-green manganiferous quartzose schist, to almost 100 in some piemontite-bearing schists. As Fe²⁺ gives way to Fe³⁺, Mg/Fe ratios tend to rise in chlorite, phengite, tourmaline, spessartine, and calcite, Mn increases and Ti decreases in haematite, Mn increases in spessartine and calcite, and Fe increases in rutile. Available divalent cations are depleted relative to Al; chlorite is more aluminous, and phengite more paragonitic than in typical Haast schists.  相似文献   

Whole-rock Geochemistry of Basic Schists from the Besshi Area, Central Shikoku: Implications for the Tectonic Setting of the Besshi Sulfide Deposit     

Tatsuo Nozaki    Kentaro Nakamura  Shunsaku Awaji  Yasuhiro Kato 《Resource Geology》2006,56(4):423-432

Abstract. Whole-rock chemical compositions of the Besshi basic schist closely associated with the Besshi massive sulfide deposit from the Sanbagawa Belt are reported. Studied samples were collected from four outcrops around the Dozan-goe, central Shikoku. Common metamorphic mineral assemblage of the basic schist is albite + epidote + actinolite + chlorite ± muscovite ± quartz. Major element contents are similar to those of typical tholeiitic basalts. Trace element patterns of the basic schist normalized to normal mid-ocean ridge basalt (N-MORB) are generally flat, although concentrations of highly mobile large-ion lithophile elements are quite variable. Chondrite-normalized rare earth element (REE) patterns are flat to slightly light REE-depleted patterns. In the Hf-Th-Ta and Nb-Zr-Y discrimination diagrams, basic schist samples closely associated with the sulfide deposit are plotted within the N-MORB field. The Th/Nb ratios of the basic schist are also comparable to those of N-MORB. These geo-chemical lines of evidence indicate that the protolith of the Besshi basic schist is N-MORB and the Besshi sulfide deposit was formed by hydrothermal activity in conjunction with MOR volcanism.  相似文献   

黑龙江涌泉地区变质基性火山岩中钠质角闪石的成因及演化   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

宋海峰  张兴洲  王跃  冯越华 《世界地质》2006,25(1):10-15

根据野外地质特征确定出黑龙江涌泉地区具有洋壳性质的变质基性火山岩由火山熔岩和火山角砾岩两部分组成。这些基性火山岩至少发生了两期高压变质,两期高压变质形成的钠质角闪石具有不同成因。早期的钠质角闪石与岩石片理明显不协调、无方向性、在岩石中不均匀分布,可能是在佳木斯地块与松嫩地块拼合过程中形成;晚期的钠质角闪石构成了现存片理,可能与后期构造变形有关。由于后期变质、变形作用不均匀及火山角砾岩中物质成份的差异,使得部分火山熔岩和火山角砾岩中的角砾及部分胶结物早期高压变质特征得以保留。根据研究区内及相邻地区绿色片岩特征,确定绿色片岩是由经历高压变质的基性火山岩转变而形成。  相似文献   

Tank模型在模拟滑坡地下水位中的应用     

洪勇  日浦启全  栾茂田 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2006,(Z1)

季节性的降雨及其所引起的地下水状态的变化是促使日本大型结晶片岩滑坡活动和诱发灾害发生的重要原因。基于对一典型结晶片岩滑坡、降雨和地下水位的长期观测,利用Tank模型建立了一种模拟滑坡地下水位变化的方法。通过对滑体内不同观测点地下水位实际观测数据与模拟结果的对比分析,证明所采用的模拟方法能够很好地再现地下水位随降雨的变化形态,从而为预测和评价降雨型滑坡的地下水状态变化提供了依据。  相似文献   

Pseudosection analysis for talc-Na pyroxene-bearing piemontite-quartz schist in the Sanbagawa Belt, Japan     

Taro  Ubukawa  Akiko  Hatanaka  Keisaku  Matsumoto  Takao  Hirajima 《Island Arc》2007,16(4):553-574

Abstract Various modes of occurrence of talc were identified in piemontite‐quartz schists collected from schist and eclogite units in the Kotsu area of the Sanbagawa Belt, eastern Shikoku, Japan. They can be classified into the following types: (A) matrix and (B) pull‐apart talc. The matrix talc is associated with aegirineaugite or glaucophane in the eclogite unit and with albite or chlorite in the schist unit. The pull‐apart talc is developed at the pull‐apart of microboudin structures of Na‐amphibole, along with albite or chlorite in samples from both units, suggesting that the pull‐apart talc was formed by Na‐amphibole consuming reactions in both units. The talc–aegirineaugite–phengite association is found in a thin layer (a few millimetres thick), with higher Na₂O/(Na₂O + Al₂O₃ + MgO) ratio in the ANM (Al₂O₃–Na₂O–MgO) diagram projected from phengite, epidote and other minerals, in the eclogite unit. Crystals of aegirineaugite have decreased jadeite content [= 100 × Al/(Na + Ca)] and increased aegirine content [= 100 × (Na – Al)/(Na + Ca)] from the core (ca Jd₄₀Aeg₄₀Di₂₀) to the rim (ca Jd₂₃Aeg₅₃Di₂₄), and are replaced by winchite and albite in varying degrees at the crystal margins. Na‐amphibole is glaucophane/crossite, commonly rimmed by Al‐poor crossite or winchite at the margin in the eclogite unit, although it is relatively homogeneous crossite in the schist unit. These textures suggest that the talc‐phengite‐(aegirineaugite or glaucophane) assemblage equilibrated during an early stage of metamorphism and the pull‐apart talc was formed at a later stage in the eclogite unit. A plausible petrogenetic grid in the NCKFe³⁺MASH system with excess piemontite (regarded as epidote), hematite, quartz and water, pseudosection analysis for the aegirineaugite‐bearing layer and the observed mineral assemblages suggest that the talc‐aegirineaugite‐phengite assemblage is stable under high pressure conditions (ca 560–580°C and 18–20 kbar). The pull‐apart talc was formed at ca 565–580°C and 9.5–10.5 kbar by the reaction of glaucophane/crossite + paragonite = talc + albite during the decompression stage, suggesting that the piemontite‐quartz schist in the eclogite unit experienced high‐pressure metamorphism at ca 50–60 km depth and was then exhumed to ca 30 km depth under nearly adiabatic conditions.  相似文献   

栖霞宅科地区含矽线石榴黑云片岩岩石地质特征及原岩恢复          下载免费PDF全文

马祥县  熊玉新  杨斌  唐璐璐  仵康林  陈文韬  常裕林 《山东国土资源》2015,31(5)

栖霞宅科地区含矽线石榴黑云片岩是古元古代荆山群禄格庄组安吉村段主要岩性,主要造岩矿物为黑云母、石英、斜长石、钾长石、石榴子石、矽线石,岩石层位稳定,为高角闪岩相变质岩。用岩石化学和地球化学特征的方法进行判别发现,其原岩为一套化学上属中—强等分异的海相和海陆交互相沉积的粘土岩。  相似文献   

Jadeite–garnet glaucophane schists in the Bizan area,Sambagawa metamorphic belt,eastern Shikoku,Japan: significance and extent of eclogite facies metamorphism          下载免费PDF全文

M. F. Kabir  A. Takasu 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2016,34(9):893-916

Eclogite facies metamorphic rocks have been discovered from the Bizan area of eastern Shikoku, Sambagawa metamorphic belt. The eclogitic jadeite–garnet glaucophane schists occur as lenticular or sheet‐like bodies in the pelitic schist matrix, with the peak mineral assemblage of garnet + glaucophane + jadeite + phengite + quartz. The jadeitic clinopyroxene (X_Jd 0.46–0.75) is found exclusively as inclusions in porphyroblastic garnet. The eclogite metamorphism is characterized by prograde development from epidote–blueschist to eclogite facies. Metamorphic P–T conditions estimated using pseudosection modelling are 580–600 °C and 18–20 kbar for eclogite facies. Compared with common mafic eclogites, the jadeite–garnet glaucophane schists have low CaO (4.4–4.5 wt%) and MgO (2.1–2.3 wt%) bulk‐rock compositions. The P–T– pseudosections show that low X_Ca bulk‐rock compositions favour the appearance of jadeite instead of omphacite under eclogite facies conditions. This is a unique example of low X_Ca bulk‐rock composition triggered to form jadeite at eclogite facies conditions. Two significant types of eclogitic metamorphism have been distinguished in the Sambagawa metamorphic belt, that is, a low‐T type and subsequent high‐T type eclogitic metamorphic events. The jadeite–garnet glaucophane schists experienced low‐T type eclogite facies metamorphism, and the P–T path is similar to lawsonite‐bearing eclogites recently reported from the Kotsu area in eastern Shikoku. During subduction of the oceanic plate (Izanagi plate), the hangingwall cooled gradually, and the geothermal gradient along the subduction zone progressively decreased and formed low‐T type eclogitic metamorphic rocks. A subsequent warm subduction event associated with an approaching spreading ridge caused the high‐T type eclogitic metamorphism within a single subduction zone.  相似文献   

穆龙套金矿地质和地球化学   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

谭娟娟  朱永峰 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2008,27(4)

总结了世界最大造山型金矿穆龙套金矿（黄金储量〉6100t）的地质、地球化学特征。穆龙套金矿的赋矿围岩为晚奥陶世早志留世黑色碳质页岩,矿床产于剪切带和断裂的交汇部位,受韧性剪切带控制。下部有强烈蚀变的白岗岩（约287Ma）,矿体北部‘出露火成岩岩墙（273～286Ma）。金主要赋存于石英脉中,矿石及其围岩蚀变组合的地球化学特征指示了岩浆流体对成矿作用的贡献,但流体包裹体研究表明,成矿流体中绝大多数He来自地壳,惰性气体主要来自大气。金矿年龄被确定为约275Ma（SmNd等时线）、226～254Ma（绢云母40Ar／39Ar坪年龄）和约290Ma（毒砂Re-Os）。在有限的地区内短时期形成巨型金矿需要特殊的机制和长期的流体演化过程。  相似文献