全文获取类型
收费全文 | 837篇 |
免费 | 29篇 |
国内免费 | 32篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 213篇 |
大气科学 | 41篇 |
地球物理 | 47篇 |
地质学 | 123篇 |
海洋学 | 59篇 |
天文学 | 8篇 |
综合类 | 73篇 |
自然地理 | 334篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 10篇 |
2022年 | 40篇 |
2021年 | 38篇 |
2020年 | 41篇 |
2019年 | 32篇 |
2018年 | 32篇 |
2017年 | 41篇 |
2016年 | 41篇 |
2015年 | 27篇 |
2014年 | 43篇 |
2013年 | 63篇 |
2012年 | 32篇 |
2011年 | 29篇 |
2010年 | 30篇 |
2009年 | 15篇 |
2008年 | 43篇 |
2007年 | 40篇 |
2006年 | 36篇 |
2005年 | 44篇 |
2004年 | 35篇 |
2003年 | 37篇 |
2002年 | 22篇 |
2001年 | 15篇 |
2000年 | 30篇 |
1999年 | 18篇 |
1998年 | 17篇 |
1997年 | 7篇 |
1996年 | 9篇 |
1995年 | 6篇 |
1994年 | 7篇 |
1993年 | 4篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有898条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
121.
地理知识在虚拟地理环境(Virtual Geographic Environments,VGE)的科研与应用中发挥着极为重要的作用。现有地理知识工程研究整体处于初步探索阶段,且尚未在虚拟地理环境中展开。作为新一代GIS研究的科学方法和技术,虚拟地理环境具有典型的多领域、多协同、多交互、多模型及多感知的特点,但还亟需系统深入地了解VGE地理知识工程的特点、机理及关键技术。本文首先综述了国内外现有知识工程及地理知识工程研究现状,进而提出了VGE地理知识及VGE知识工程的概念和定义。在此基础上,本文分析了VGE地理知识有别于通用知识的特点,并提出了VGE地理知识的分类。最后,针对VGE地理知识工程的构建阐述了需解决的关键问题。本文基于VGE知识工程的初步探索,尝试为智能虚拟地理环境系统的构建提供理论基础,以促进虚拟地理环境中地理知识的快速转换和融合,为解决地理科学“数据丰富但知识贫乏”的问题提供一个可行的研究方向。 相似文献
122.
A framework for the seismic assessment of existing masonry buildings accounting for different sources of uncertainty 下载免费PDF全文
The current formulation of Eurocode 8 Part 3 and the Italian building code for the seismic assessment of existing buildings accounts for epistemic (knowledge‐based) uncertainties by means of the identification of knowledge levels with associated values of the so‐called confidence factors, applied only as a reduction of material strengths. This formulation does not always produce consistent results and it does not explicitly account for other sources of uncertainty. The paper proposes a probabilistic methodology for the quantification of appropriately defined factors, allowing consideration of the different sources of uncertainty involved in the seismic assessment of masonry buildings by means of nonlinear static analyses. This simple approach, also including an alternative formulation of the confidence factors related with material properties, allows to obtain results which are consistent with the acquired level of knowledge and correctly account for the different sources of uncertainty without requiring to carry out any stochastic nonlinear analysis. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
123.
地震科普宣传工作多是在地震发生之前开展,主要偏重的是如何地震避险。地震灾害发生后对灾区民众如何有效地减轻地震灾害及合理地配合外来救援力量的科普宣传缺乏系统性。本文从地震现场科普宣传的形式、内容及如何更好地实现现场科普宣传三个方面对地震现场科普宣传工作进行分析,旨在为利用地震现场科普宣传维护震区的社会稳定、减轻灾害损失及顺利地开展地震现场救援提出建议。 相似文献
124.
In Malawi, production from subsistence rain fed agriculture is highly vulnerable to climate change and variability. In response to the adverse effects of climate change and variability, a National Adaptation Programme of Action is used as framework for implementing adaptation programmes. However, this framework puts limited significance on indigenous knowledge systems (IKS). In many parts of the world, IKS have shown potential in the development of locally relevant and therefore sustainable adaptation strategies. This study was aimed at assessing the role of IKS in adaptation to climate change and variability in the agricultural sector in a rural district of Chikhwawa, southern Malawi. The study used both qualitative data from focus group and key informant interviews and quantitative data from household interviews and secondary data to address the research objectives. The study established that the local communities are able to recognise the changes in their climate and local environment. Commonly mentioned indicators of changing climatic patterns included delayed and unpredictable onset of rainfall, declining rainfall trends, warming temperatures and increased frequency of prolonged dry spells. An analysis of empirical data corroborates the people’s perception. In addition, the community is able to use their IKS to adapt their agricultural systems to partially offset the effects of climate change. Like vulnerability to climate change, IKS varies over a short spatial scale, providing locally relevant adaptation to impacts of climate change. This paper therefore advocates for the integration of IKS in programmes addressing adaptation to climate change and vulnerability. This will serve to ensure sustainable and relevant adaptation strategies. 相似文献
125.
基于场所的GIS研究 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
探讨从地理空间认知出发,实现基于场所的GIS(PB—GIS)的相关问题。PB—GIS以场所为核心,显式表达地理空间知识,并遵循特定规则进行定性空间推理,从而服务于空间行为决策。比较PB—GIS与基于坐标的GIS(CB—GIS)之间的差异和适合解决的问题,并描述定性空间推理的特点及其在PB—GIS中的应用。在分析实现PB—GIS的关键技术基础上,采用三层架构设计了一个PB-GIS的概念体系结构。 相似文献
126.
127.
论《GIS空间分析》课程建设 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
综述了GIS空间分析理论的相关知识面和知识点,分析了课程的教学适应性,提出了课程建设的几点建议. 相似文献
128.
129.
Alan B. Dixon 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2008,29(3):341-356
Local community based institutions that coordinate the management of natural resources have been linked to socioecological resilience, adaptation and sustainability within rural livelihood systems throughout the developing world. The resilience and sustainability of related local institutions, however, is influenced by their relationship with external actors and institutions, particularly in facilitating, supporting or hindering local institutional arrangements. From this standpoint, this paper examines the case of local community based institutions involved in wetland management in western Ethiopia. Drawing upon the findings of participatory fieldwork undertaken in eight wetland‐using communities of Illubabor and Western Wellega zones in Oromia Region it is argued that although local institutions do play a key role in coordinating wetland management and sustaining the benefits from wetlands, the sustainability and resilience of the institutions themselves is threatened by a range of factors. Despite their grassroots nature, their effectiveness is influenced by their reliance on local government backstopping that appears to have diminished in recent years, as well as a perceived lack of local government support for collective action over individual rights. 相似文献
130.