Generation of Deccan Trap magmas   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Gautam Sen 《Journal of Earth System Science》2001,110(4):409-431

Deccan Trap magmas may have erupted through multiple centers, the most prominent of which may have been a shield volcano-like structure in the Western Ghats area. The lavas are predominantly tholeiitic; alkalic mafic lavas and carbonatites are rare. Radioisotope dating, magnetic chronology, and age constraints from paleontology indicate that although the eruption started some 68 Ma, the bulk of lavas erupted at around 65–66 Ma. Paleomagnetic constraints indicate an uncertainty of ± 500,000 years for peak volcanic activity at 65 m.y. in the type section of the Western Ghats. Maximum magma residence times were calculated in this study based on growth rates of “giant plagioclase” crystals in lavas that marked the end phase of volcanic activity of different magma chambers. These calculations suggest that the > 1.7 km thick Western Ghats section might have erupted within a much shorter time interval of ∼ 55,000 years, implying phenomenal eruption rates that are orders of magnitude larger than any present-day eruption rate from any tectonic environment. Other significant observations/conclusions are as follows: (1) Deccan lavas can be grouped into stratigraphic subdivisions based on their geochemistry; (2) While some formations are relatively uncontaminated others are strongly contaminated by the continental crust; (3) Deccan magmas were produced by 15–30% melting of a Fe-rich lherzolitic source at ∼ 3–2 GPa; (4) Parent magmas of the relatively uncontaminated Ambenali formation had a primitive composition with 16%MgO, 47%SiO₂; (5) Deccan magmas were generated much deeper and by significantly more melting than other continental flood basalt provinces; (6) The erupted Deccan tholeiitic lavas underwent fractionation and magma mixing at ∼ 0.2 GPa. The composition and origin of the crust and crust/mantle boundary beneath the Deccan are discussed with respect to the influence of Deccan magmatic episode.  相似文献   

基于Terzaghi假定的基坑抗隆起稳定性计算方法研究     

孙淑贤  任凯风  王远林 《水文地质工程地质》2007,34(6):63-66

本文根据Terzaghi地基承载力理论,针对基坑隆起破坏时土体向基坑一侧滑移失稳的实际情况和地下水渗流对基坑稳定性影响,对Terzaghi法确定基坑抗隆起安全系数做了相应的改进,推导出新的计算抗隆起稳定安全系数方法。对影响基坑抗隆起稳定问题的因素进行了参数分析,并通过工程实例计算分析,证明新的计算方法提高了基坑抗隆起稳定设计的可靠性。  相似文献   

在CepheusE中C^18O（J=1—0）分子外流的不准直分布的研究     

俞志尧 《天文学报》1998,39(4):405-411

从在CepheusE中C18O（J＝1－0）的谱线频谱图发现,相对于峰速度的蓝移成分的积分流量密度明显大于相对于红移成分的积分流量密度．从在它的强度分布图也可以发现强度分布轮廓向西北和向东延伸．为此,研究了在CepheusE中C18O（J＝1－0）的速度分段积分等高图,发现相对于峰速度的蓝移速度分段积分等高图中的C18O（J＝1－0）的积分强度,要大于相对于红移速度分段积分等高图中的C18O（J＝1－0）的积分强度,同时强度分布图中的分子外流的不准直分布是由相对于峰速度的蓝移成分的分布的不准直性所引起的．  相似文献   

New and little‐known arietellidae (Copepoda: Calanoida) mainly from the south‐west pacific     

Janet M. Bradford 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(3):523-533

Three species of Arietellidae are described from the south‐west Pacific: a new species of Paraugaptilus, a species which can not be separated from P. buchani, and Arietellus aculeatus. The identity of A. aculeatus is clarified by comparison of type material and material from the U.S. National Museum of Natural History, and an unidentified Atlantic species of Arietellus, evident from the comparison, is described.  相似文献   

Weed preference and growth of young grass carp in New Zealand     

D. J. Edwards 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(2):341-350

In each of eight 5‐day pond experiments carried out at intervals over a year, 0+ to 1 +‐year‐old grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella Val., were offered a choice of at least 10 species of water weeds from the Rotorua area. Water temperature was measured each day. Food selectivity decreased with increasing temperature and size of fish, but preference for the weeds did not change. At summer temperatures the fish ate much weed and grew at about 4g/fish/day, but in winter little food was taken and growth was slow.  相似文献   

南海3种小型砗磲的外壳形态差异分析     

钞琪琪  杨毅  顾志峰  王爱民  L&#;PEZ Violet  刘春胜 《海洋科学》2022,46(10):24-31

本研究对中国南海3种小型砗磲(Tridacnaspp.)[番红砗磲(Tridacnacrocea,包括2种外壳形态)、长砗磲(Tridacna maxima)和诺亚砗磲(Tridacna noae)]的外壳形态性状进行生物统计学差异分析。研究表明,4组砗磲外壳存在显著形态学差异。单因素方差分析发现9个外壳比例性状能够较好区分3种砗磲,且2种不同外壳形态的番红砗磲在壳宽/壳长、足丝孔宽/壳长、壳质量/壳长和左右壳厚比壳长存在显著性差异(P<0.05);在基于欧氏距离Ward法且指定聚类数k=4的条件下,4组砗磲层次聚类效果较好;主成分分析提取3个主成分建立散点图,累计主成分贡献率73.85%,各主成分贡献率依次为50.47%,13.78%和9.60%;线性判别分析得出3个判别函数,方差解释率依次为70.13%、20.97%和8.90%。3种多元统计方法从不同角度解释各组砗磲的外壳形态差异,结果均显示两组番红砗磲的外壳形态更为接近,同时长砗磲与诺亚砗磲的外壳形态较为接近。  相似文献   

Land use effects on soil organic carbon,microbial biomass and microbial activity in Changbai Mountains of Northeast China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Xiangmin Fang  Qingli Wang  Wangming Zhou  Wei Zhao  Yawei Wei  Lijun Niu  Limin Dai 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2014,24(3):297-306

Land use changes are known to alter soil organic carbon （SOC） and microbial properties, however, information about how conversion of natural forest to agricultural land use as well as plantations affects SOC and microbial properties in the Changbai Moun- tains of Northeast China is meager. Soil carbon content, microbial biomass carbon （MBC）, basal respiration and soil carbon mineraliza- tion were studied in five selected types of land use： natural old-growth broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forest （NF）; spruce plantation （SP） established following clear-cutting of NF; cropland （CL）; ginseng farmland （GF） previously under NF; and a five-year Mongolian oak young forest （YF） reforested on an abandoned GF, in the Changbai Mountains of Northeast China in 2011. Results showed that SOC content was significantly lower in SP, CL, GF, and YF than in NF. MBC ranged from 304.4 mg/kg in CL to 1350.3 mg/kg in NF, which was significantly higher in the soil of NF than any soil of the other four land use types. The SOC and MBC contents were higher in SP soil than in CL, GF, and YF soils, yielding a significant difference between SP and CL. The value of basal respiration was also higher in NF than in SP, CL, GF, and YF. Simultaneously, higher values of the metabolic quotient were detected in CL, GF, and YF soils, indicat- ing low substrate utilization of the soil microbial community compared with that in NF and SP soil. The values of cumulative mineral- ized carbon and potentially mineralized carbon （Co） in NF were significantly higher than those in CL and GF, while no significant dif- ference was observed between NF and SP. In addition, YF had higher values of Co and C mineralization rate compared with GF. The results indicate that conversion from NF into agricultural land （CL and GF） uses and plantation may lead to a reduction in soil nutrients （SOC and MBC） and substrate utilization efficiency of the microbial community. By contrast, soils below SP were more conducive to the preservation of soil organic matter, which was reflected in the comparison of microbial indicators among CL, GF, and YF land uses. This study can provide data for evaluating soils nutrients under different land use types, and serve as references for the rational land use of natural forest in the study area.  相似文献   

Thermal equilibration of the Earth following a giant impact     

Tilman Spohn  G. Schubert 《Geophysical Journal International》1991,107(1):163-170

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O-rich SR and Mira variables in DENIS     

J. Hron  F. Kerschbaum 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1994,216(1-2):137-138

Previous VLA observations of the triple radio continuum source in Serpens showed that it has very unusual and extraordinary characteristics. While this source is associated with a star forming region, its outer components exhibit a combination of thermal and nonthermal spectra and large proper motions, Furthermore, the NW lobe has knotty and extended emission connecting the central source with the bright outer knot. Here, we present results of new VLA radio continuum high-angular resolution observations of this Radio Jet. Combining these observations with those obtained previously, we find that: a) one of the knots along the main body of the radio jet (knot G) exhibits proper motions similar to those observed in the outer NW and SE components, and the time variable knot A; b) the outer knots are moving away from the central source in slightly different directions; and c) the orientation of the central source seems to change with time. These results are consistent with a central precessing source that undergoes periodic ejection of material.  相似文献   

西藏知不拉和浪母家果矽卡岩铜矿地质特征及驱龙-知不拉-浪母家果成矿系统的确定   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王登芳 《地质与勘探》2015,51(4):619-633

西藏驱龙巨型斑岩铜钼矿床周围产出有知不拉与浪母家果矽卡岩铜矿。通过揭示知不拉和浪母家果的地质特征、成矿侵入体的地球化学特征和硫同位素特征,结合前人的年代学资料,确立两者与驱龙斑岩铜矿共同构成斑岩-矽卡岩成矿系统。结果显示知不拉与浪母家果矽卡岩矿床中的侵入岩地球化学特征与驱龙矿区的侵入岩地球化学特征相似,属于准铝质、钙碱性-高钾钙碱性岩石;稀土元素表现为强烈的LREE和HREE的分异,除知不拉的细晶岩有很强的Eu负异常,其他具有很弱的Eu负异常;明显富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)和高场强元素(HFSE),K、Pb的正异常,Ta、Nb、Ti的负异常。知不拉硫化物硫同位素与驱龙斑岩铜钼矿的硫同位素相比有明显的差异,这样的差异可能是由于成矿热液氧逸度的变化和晚期高δ34S值的天水加入造成的。研究确立驱龙-知不拉-浪母家果斑岩-矽卡岩成矿系统,主要基于:时代相近,空间毗邻;驱龙斑岩铜矿花岗闪长岩接触带发育有明显矽卡岩矿化;与矿化有关的侵入岩地球化学特征相似性;成矿物质演化趋势相似;矽卡岩连续演化的物理化学条件。而钙质围岩、多期次侵位且侵位较浅的岩浆与区域内构造活动及矿区内断裂、裂隙发育,共同决定了斑岩-矽卡岩系统的产出。  相似文献