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61.
OBSERVATIONS ON THE QUATERNARY GEOLOGY OF THE LADAKH RANGE, NORTHWEST INDIAN HIMALAYA 相似文献
62.
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64.
Since the late 1950’s, many Chinese scientists have explored the remains of the Quaternary glaciation in the Qinghai-Xizang
(Tibet) Plateau and its surrounding mountains. In the main, 3–4 glaciations have been recognized. The largest one occurred
in the Late Middle Pleistocene with piedmont glaciers, ice caps and trellis valley glaciers in many high peak regions. But
here is no evidence of a unified ice sheet covering the whole plateau as described by M. Kuhle. Due to the further uplifting
of the Himalayas and Qinghai-Xizang Plateau the climate became progressively driver, diminishing the extension of glaciers
during the Late Pleistocene. The elevation of the snow line during the Last Glaciation was about 4,000 m on the south, east
and northeast edges of the plateau and ascended to 5500 m on the hinder northwest of the plateau. The thermal effect of the
big plateau massif, the sharp increase of aridity from the southeast rim to the northwest inland area and the abrupt decrease
of precipitation during the Ice Age largely account for the distribution of the Quaternary glaciers in the Qinghai-Xizang
Plateau. The neglect of Chinese literature may be one of the causes accounting for M. Kuhle’s misinterpretation on the environment
of the Quaternary glaciations in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. 相似文献
65.
本文根据河南宜阳罗圈组发育特征和分布规律,结合华北地台西南缘罗圈组发育和分布概况,论述了其成因和成因类型,提出了罗圈组时代的归属,认为罗圈组应是大陆高原冰川活动产物。其时代应属早震旦世晚期,大体相当于南沱组。 相似文献
66.
Jon Y. Landvik 《第四纪科学杂志》1994,9(1):81-92
A profile across the unglaciated coast of northeast Greenland at 77°N was studied with regard to the Quaternary stratigraphy and glacial history. The Germania Land peninsula is characterised by till-covered lower ground which contrasts sharply with the blockfields and extensive gelifluction deposits of its higher altitudes. Two glaciations are distinguished. The older one extended over the entire area and had its margin on the continental shelf. The younger one, of Late Weichselian age, reached the present coastline and several mountains and high plateaus on western Germania Land formed nunataks. The Late Weichselian glaciation was more extensive and occurred later on the Germania Land peninsula than on the coast further south. Radiocarbon dates suggest that the glacier margin rested to the east of the present coastline until ca. 10 000 yr BP. This correlates with the Late Weichselian Milne Land Stage, which is found as a late glacial readvance along the coast of East Greenland. A series of recessional moraines formed during the deglaciation were probably caused by glacier dynamics, as opposed to being of climatic origin. 相似文献
67.
网纹红土的成因及其研究意义 总被引:26,自引:0,他引:26
本文阐述我国网纹红土的分布和特征,着重讨论网纹红土的形成原因,指出网纹红土可表征我国南方中更新世以来新构造运动的幅度和性质,并可作为我国东部是否存在古冰川作用的佐证. 相似文献
68.
Central Ethiopia comprises a high plateau at 2000–3000 m, formed from Tertiary lava flows and bisected by the Eastern African Rift. Ten volcanic mountains rise to altitudes of just over 4000 m, but on only three has Quaternary glaciation been substantiated by published field observations. On the Bale Mountains (4400 m), a previous report based on limited evidence proposed an ice‐cap extending to 600 km2. Based on aerial photographs and ground surveys, this paper reports evidence of a more complex situation. A wide spread of large erratic boulders on the plateau records a central ice cap of 30 km2, though ice probably extended for a further 40 km2. Further north two groups of deeply incised and clearly glaciated valleys contain moraines and roches moutonnées (60 km2). On interfluves between them and on the open north slopes are moraines from an earlier stage of the same glaciation or from a distinct older event. Altogether about 180 km2 may have been glaciated. Cores dated by 14C from inside and outside the glaciated area suggest that at least the northern valley glaciers may date from the Last Glacial Maximum. Estimated equilibrium line altitudes for these glaciers and the ice‐cap are 3750–4230 m. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
69.
Markus Wagner 《GeoJournal》2005,62(3-4):91-113
In semi-arid orographic left tributaries of the Kali Gandaki at the northern and western flank of the Nilgiri Himal, glacio-geomorphological
and pedological investigations were carried out on prehistoric moraines. Geomorphological relief analysis was derived from
other literature and the own fieldwork of the author. The resulting glacial chronology was used as benchmark to explore the
limits of different pedological dating methods regarding the degree of soil development. These methods are based on iron fractionation,
total element contents and particle size distribution. In general the different glacial stages are mirrored correctly in the
relative graduation of soil development. The ratio of well crystallised pedogenic iron-oxides to the total iron content and
the ratio fine clay to total clay are most suitable, because they are almost independent from existing changes in the lithological
composition. The total element based weathering indices are less suitable, because they react highly sensitive to the geology
dependent shift to higher carbonate contents. Most of the grain size based weathering indices are inapplicable because of
the typically high textural variability within till deposits. 相似文献
70.
The central and highest area of Mt. Prokletije (Albanian Alps) is situated in northern Albania and eastern Montenegro (at 42°30′N). The highest peak is Maja e Jezerces (2694 m). Detailed geomorphological mapping was used to reconstruct the positions of former glaciers. The longest Ropojana glacier had a length of 12.5 km and surface of 20 km2; others include Valbona Glacier (9.5 km, 10.5 km2), Grbaja Glacier (5 km, 6.7 km2) and Bogićevica Glacier (6 km, 6.9 km2). Three series of moraines can be distinguished: the lowest at an average altitude of 990 m (average ELA 1750 m), the middle series at 1350 m (ELA 1942 m), and the highest at 1900 m (ELA 2123 m). As no advanced dating methods have yet been used to provide a numerical chronological framework for these features, hypotheses are made based on the comparison with the advanced studies of other similar mountains in the Mediterranean region. The moraines of the first stage (lowest series) correspond to one of pre-LGM glaciations (Middle or even Early Würmian), the second stage moraines probably correspond to LGM, and the third stage could be attributed to Younger Dryas. The mapping included a number of inactive and active rock glaciers, as well as three small active glaciers (surface 5 ha and less), at 1980–2100 m altitude, in the area close to Maja e Jezerces. 相似文献