东天山库姆塔格—沙泉子晚石炭世火山-沉积岩相学地质地球化学特征与构造环境   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

方维萱  黄转盈  唐红峰高珍权 《中国地质》2006,33(3):529-544

通过对本区晚石炭世沉积岩和火山岩的岩相学类型及其特征研究,划分出山前洪积相(河流相)、水下三角洲沉积相、海岸潮坪相、浅海相、火山沉积岩相、火山喷溢相、火山喷发岩相、热水沉积岩相、火山热水蚀变岩相和矽卡岩相等10种不同岩相和相应的亚相,这种特征属大陆挤压收缩体制下活动大陆边缘上的火山-沉积岩相学组合类型。垂向相序结构表明在热水沉积岩相上下均有较强的火山活动,为成矿提供所需的热能。在库姆塔格晚石炭世压陷盆地中,热水沉积岩相的纵向相序结构为热水角砾岩亚相→菱铁矿岩亚相/石膏岩亚相→铁白云石岩亚相→碧玉岩亚相→铁白云石岩亚相,这种组合是寻找“库姆塔格型”大型石膏菱铁矿矿床的岩相学标志。本区火山-沉积岩相总的沉积序列显示向上由浅变深→由深变浅趋势,沉积物源主要来源于华力西期岛弧带剥蚀区及其南侧(中天山)基底隆起带;火山喷发仍形成发生在浅海环境中,具有大陆挤压收缩体制下(中天山造山带)后陆盆地沉积特点;晚石炭世原型沉积盆地可能为后陆盆地,有利于大型石膏菱铁矿矿床保存。  相似文献   

鲁西新泰地区孟家屯岩组岩石学、地球化学及原岩特征     

杜利林庄育勋  杨崇辉王新社 党万民 《地质通报》2006,25(5):585-589

孟家屯岩组为鲁西新太古代早期形成的一套表壳岩,代表性的岩石类型为石榴石英岩、黑云母石英片岩、斜长角闪岩等.对这些岩石的岩相学、稀土元素、微量元素地球化学的研究和斜长角闪岩Nd同位素的初步分析,表明孟家屯岩组的原岩建造为一套砂岩、富泥质砂岩和岛弧拉斑玄武岩组合.这一认识对探讨鲁西早前寒武纪地壳的形成和演化特征具有重要意义.  相似文献   

Sedimentary Evolution of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau in Cenozoic and its Response to the Uplift of the Plateau     

ZHANG Kexin  WANG Guocan  XU Yadong  LUO Mansheng  JI Junliang  XIAO Guoqiao  WANG An  SONG Bowen  LIANG Yinpin  JIANG Shangsong  CAO Kai  CHEN Fenning  CHEN Ruiming  YANG Yongfeng 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(2):555-575

We have studied the evolution of the tectonic lithofacies paleogeography of Paleocene–Eocene, Oligocene, Miocene, and Pliocene of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau by compiling data regarding the type, tectonic setting, and lithostratigraphic sequence of 98 remnant basins in the plateau area. Our results can be summarized as follows. (1) The Paleocene to Eocene is characterized by uplift and erosion in the Songpan–Garzê and Gangdisê belts, depression (lakes and pluvial plains) in eastern Tarim, Qaidam, Qiangtang, and Hoh Xil, and the Neo-Tethys Sea in the western and southern Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. (2) The Oligocene is characterized by uplift in the Gangdisê–Himalaya and Karakorum regions (marked by the absence of sedimentation), fluvial transport (originating eastward and flowing westward) in the Brahmaputra region (marked by the deposition of Dazhuka conglomerate), uplift and erosion in western Kunlun and Songpan–Garzê, and depression (lakes) in the Tarim, Qaidam, Qiangtang, and Hoh Xil. The Oligocene is further characterized by depressional littoral and neritic basins in southwestern Tarim, with marine facies deposition ceasing at the end of the Oligocene. (3) For the Miocene, a widespread regional unconformity (ca. 23 Ma) in and adjacent to the plateau indicates comprehensive uplift of the plateau. This period is characterized by depressions (lakes) in the Tarim, Qaidam, Xining–Nanzhou, Qiangtang, and Hoh Xil. Lacustrine facies deposition expanded to peak in and adjacent to the plateau ca. 18–13 Ma, and north–south fault basins formed in southern Tibet ca. 13–10 Ma. All of these features indicate that the plateau uplifted to its peak and began to collapse. (4) Uplift and erosion occurred during the Pliocene in most parts of the plateau, except in the Hoh Xil–Qiangtang, Tarim, and Qaidam.  相似文献   

The Aghajari (Upper Fars) Formation in the Folded Zagros Zone, Iran:Insights to Identify Facies, Architectural Elements, Fluvial Systems,Petrography and Provenance     

Mohammad SAHRAEYAN  Mohammad BAHRAMI  Sayed Hassan HEJAZI 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(4):1019-1031

The Aghajari Formation, called also the Upper Fars, develops throughout the Folded Zagros Zone and its thickness in the type section in southwest of Iran is 2966 meters. To analyze the sedimentary basin of this Formation, lithofacies, architectural elements and petrofacies of the related deposits in a section in southeast of Sarvestan in Fars Province of Iran with a thickness of 2221.45 meters were examined. Microscopically studying thin sections, the petrography and the occurrence of the deposits were determined. In this section, 16 lithofacies, 10 architectural elements and 2 sandstone petrofacies were identified. The lithofacies were divided into two major and minor groups, in which the major lithofacies consist of coarse-grained (Gh, Gp, Gt and Gm), medium-grained (Sh, Sp, St, Sl, Sm, Sr and Ss and fine-grained ones (Fm, Fl and Fsm), and the minor lithofacies were evaporative and mixed silisiclastic-carbonate. The identified architectural elements are CH, SB, GB, LA, DA, CR, CS, LV, LS, CH (FF) and FF. By combining evidences from facies analysis and architectural elements together, the Aghajari Formation was divided into three parts in which the related sedimentation environments, from top to bottom, are gravel, gravel-sand and fine-grained meandering river respectively. There have also been playas and shoreface in the lower part. Based on petrography, the sandstones of this formation were classified into two groups: litharenite and sublitharenite. The origin of these deposits (sandstones) was appointed to the recycled orogeny and the source of quartz is low and medium to high metamorphic rank. Using the field evidences, the paleocurrent direction was achieved indicating the direction of the paleocurrent from northwest to southeast at the time of deposition. It is hoped that these data can be used in the interpretation of the basin and reconstruction of the paleogeography in the local and regional scales.  相似文献   

The volcanoes of an oceanic arc from origin to destruction: A case from the northern Luzon Arc     

《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2013

Volcanoes were created, grew, uplifted, became dormant or extinct, and were accreted as part of continents during continuous arc–continent collision. Volcanic rocks in Eastern Taiwan’s Coastal Range (CR) are part of the northern Luzon Arc, an oceanic island arc produced by the subduction of the South China Sea Plate beneath the Philippine Sea Plate. Igneous rocks are characterized by intrusive bodies, lava and pyroclastic flows, and volcaniclastic rocks with minor tephra deposits. Based on volcanic facies associations, Sr–Nd isotopic geochemistry, and the geography of the region, four volcanoes were identified in the CR: Yuemei, Chimei, Chengkuangao, and Tuluanshan. Near-vent facies associations show different degrees of erosion in the volcanic edifices for Chimei, Chengkuangao, and Tuluanshan. Yuemei lacks near-vent rocks, implying that Yuemei’s main volcanic body may have been subducted at the Ryukyu Trench with the northward motion of the Philippine Sea Plate. These data suggest a hypothesis for the evolution of volcanism and geomorphology during arc growth and ensuing arc–continent collision in the northern Luzon Arc, which suggests that these volcanoes were formed from the seafloor, emerging as islands during arc volcanism. They then became dormant or extinct during collision, and finally, were uplifted and accreted by additional collision. The oldest volcano, Yuemei, may have already been subducted into the Ryukyu Trench.  相似文献   

青藏高原渐新世构造岩相古地理     

徐亚东  张克信  陈锐明  张楗钰 《地质通报》2013,32(1):44-55

在研究区已发表的渐新统资料的基础上,分析了青藏高原渐新世残留盆地的构造背景、岩石地层序列,并对青藏高原渐新世构造岩相古地理特征进行了讨论,该时期总体地势格局仍为东高西低,塔里木、柴达木、羌塘、可可西里、成都等地区主体表现为大面积的压陷湖盆沉积,冈底斯、喜马拉雅和喀喇昆仑等大面积隆升,沿雅鲁藏布江自东向西的古雅江河形成。渐新世构造岩相古地理的演化特征揭示出该时期青藏高原及邻区构造隆升与沉积响应的耦合关系,划分出2个强隆升期,分别是强隆升期A(34～30Ma)和强隆升期B(25～23Ma)。  相似文献   

皖西白大山群的发现及其地质意义   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

毕治国  李玉发  汤加富  侯明金 《安徽地质》1994,(Z1)

皖、豫交界的白大山－茶庵一带，出露一套碎屑岩夹碳酸盐岩地层，以往被置于青白口系八公山群。近期笔者等赴该地再次进行了调查和研究，结果发现该群地层组合内含有大量球藻类和植物碎片化石，这些微古植物分子在国内外多见于下古生代。并从岩石组合特征对比分析，认为该套地层属志留－泥盆系的可能性最大。对这套地层及微古植物的发现，具有两方面重要的地质意义：１．过去对华北地台南缘从未见有这个时代地层的报导，这就为该区地层填补了一个空白；２．从已采获的微古植物组合及岩性组合特征等分析，这有可能对华北地台南缘的岩相古地理图及地史发展等问题，进行一些必要的改写与补充。  相似文献   

黄河北地区晚古生代岩相古地理与煤系烃源岩发育     

王怀洪  尹露生  朱裕振  王东东  周明磊  张心彬  沈立军 《中国煤炭地质》2021,(1)

黄河北地区广泛发育各种沉积体系,通过对其沉积特征及沉积模式的分析发现黄河北地区晚古生代石炭-二叠纪海相、陆相和过渡相环境均有发育。该地区存在的主要沉积体系类型是潮坪沉积体系、障壁-潟湖沉积体系、河控浅水三角洲沉积体系和河流-湖泊沉积体系。研究发现:本区石炭-二叠系储层烃源岩发育有意义的三个沉积演化阶段分别是本溪期、太原期、山西期;黄河北地区属鲁西地区一部分,晚古生代石炭-二叠系含煤地层主要发育砂岩、泥质岩、碳酸盐岩、岩浆岩和可燃性有机岩(煤),是重要的烃源岩;黄河北煤田含煤地层含煤14层,其中1~5层煤赋存于山西组,6~14层煤赋存于太原组,就可采煤层的层数来说,存在“东多西少”的特点;在含煤地层剖面上的分布特点是“上薄下厚”,主要富煤带则主要分布在东部地区;泥页岩主要发育在石炭-二叠系太原组和山西组,泥页岩层厚度在横向上有一定的规律性,由北向南泥页岩层厚度有逐渐减小的趋势,南部济西矿区和长清矿区,西北部伦镇矿区、李屯矿区厚度发育较好,多在90m以上。  相似文献   

岩相学填图技术在云南东川白锡腊铁铜矿段深部应用试验与找矿预测   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

方维萱  杨新雨  柳玉龙  郭茂华  包昌良  曾宝成 《矿物学报》2012,32(1):101-114

在云南东川滥泥坪铜矿白锡腊铁铜矿段深部找矿预测中,开展了矿山深部工程岩相学填图技术研发与试验,实践证明该新方法在矿山深部隐伏矿找矿预测中具有较强的隐伏矿（新类型铁铜矿和新矿种）找矿预测能力。在构造-岩相学三级单元上,新发现的铁（钛）氧化物铜金型（IOCG）矿床与斜切地层产出的碱性杂岩墙（枝）密切有关。侵入岩岩相学填图表明,分异较好且具有明显岩相学分带的碱性杂岩墙（枝）成矿潜力大,铁（钛）氧化物铜金型（IOCG）矿与碱性铁质辉长岩-闪长岩等岩相学分带及侵入构造关系十分密切;分异较差且缺乏岩相学分带的岩墙成矿潜力低;因此,碱性铁质杂岩墙（枝）岩相学分带完整及侵入构造等是今后找矿勘查的主要标志和对象。对铁氧化物铜金型（IOCG）矿体而言,构造-岩相学的亚相填图证明储矿构造及富含铜磁铁矿矿体一般位于碱性铁质杂岩墙（枝）底部和上部。含铜磁铁富矿体主要由角砾状和块状铁铜矿石组成,这种矿体定位于隐爆角砾岩筒（带）中;构造-流体岩相学填图发现,围绕碱性杂岩墙（枝）分布的糜棱岩化相带和碎裂岩化相带也是主要储矿构造岩相带,赋存铁铜矿脉;脉带型铜银矿赋存在蚀变碳酸盐岩层中发育的裂隙破碎带之中,主要为含铜硅化铁白云石化蚀变带和镜铁矿硅化铁白云石方解石脉。钛矿（新矿种）主要赋存在蚀变闪长岩和蚀变辉长岩两个亚相中,在剖面和平面上,钛矿（化）体位于铁氧化物铜金型（IOCG）矿体两侧,主要由钛磁铁矿-钛铁矿微相和金红石-钛铁矿微相构成,钛赤铁矿和钛磁铁矿微相属于钛矿化蚀变系统。  相似文献   

湖北省晚二叠世龙潭组沉积期岩相古地理格局与成煤环境     

张汉金  徐立中  颜代蓉  余正清  李超  梅萍芳 《地质科技情报》2012,(4):50-54

晚二叠世龙潭组沉积期是湖北省境内一次重要的成煤时期,由于煤层的不稳定性,其煤层层数、厚度、煤质等存在明显差异。通过岩性、煤层及古生物研究对比,查明龙潭组由下向上共出现5个煤层,煤层的形成与沉积特征明显受岩相古地理条件所制约。在龙潭组沉积期,湖北省境内总体为"两陆夹一盆"的基本格局,形成潮坪-泻湖-障壁岛沉积体系,该沉积体系是华南海北部沉积区的一个组成部分,由秦淮古陆、海湾泻湖及江南古陆组成,沉积区主要为泻湖相和潮坪相单元,其中沼泽亚相为煤层的最佳沉积环境。  相似文献