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11.
12.
悬浮液进样—石墨炉原子吸收测定钒钛磁铁矿中痕量镓 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
研究了悬浮液进样_石墨炉原子吸收测定钒钛磁铁矿中痕量镓的分析方法。以Ni(Ⅱ)作为基体改进剂时,可直接用镓标准溶液进行校准。样品粒度<38μm、悬浮液中试样质量浓度在01~80g/L、含镓质量浓度不超过100μg/L时呈良好线性关系,检出限为24μg/L镓。用所拟方法测定了含镓量在16~42μg/g的标准矿样,结果与标准值相符,6次平行测定的相对标准偏差不超过9%,满足痕量分析的要求。 相似文献
13.
新疆苏吉泉石墨矿床成因的碳同位素证据 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
新疆苏吉泉石墨矿床产在海西期花岗岩体中,矿石具十分独特的球状构造,石墨的δ13C值分布范围为-20.5‰-23.9‰,平均值为-22.0‰,表明该石墨矿床碳质的有机成因。围岩中特别是中石碳统的含碳沉积岩被海西中期花岗岩岩浆同化,使碳质聚集并重结晶成石墨。 相似文献
14.
涂钨热解石墨管-石墨炉原子吸收法测定天然水中痕量钡 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
选择涂钨热解石墨管测钡,克服了钡的碳化物形成而提高了方法的灵敏度,采用钙做基体补偿不仅克服钙对测钡的影响,同时也对测钡起增敏作用,结合其它测定条件的优化实现了石墨炉原子吸收法测定天然水中的痕量钡。其线性范围在0~70μg/L检出限3.3pg,特征质量为2.9pg/1%吸收,对5μg/LBa试液测定11次,其RSD为6.9%,加标回收率89%~120%。方法经标样分析验证,结果与标准值相符。 相似文献
15.
Experiments were carried out on granular flows generated by instantaneous release of gas-fluidised, bidisperse mixtures and propagating into a horizontal channel. The mixture consists of fine (< 100 μm) and coarse (> 100 μm) particles of same density, with corresponding grain size ratios of ∼ 2 to 9. Initial fluidisation of the mixture destroys the interparticle frictional contacts, and the flow behaviour then depends on the initial bed packing and on the timescale required to re-establish strong frictional contacts. At a fines mass fraction (α) below that of optimal packing (∼ 40%), the initial mixtures consist of a continuous network of coarse particles with fines in interstitial voids. Strong frictional contacts between the coarse particles are probably rapidly re-established and the flows steadily decelerate. Some internal friction reduction appears to occur as α and the grain size ratio increases, possibly due to particle rolling and the lower roughness of internal shear surfaces. Segregation only occurs at large grain size ratio due to dynamical sieving with fines concentrated at the flow base. In contrast, at α above that for optimal packing, the initial mixtures consist of coarse particles embedded in a matrix of fines. Flow velocities and run-outs are similar to that of the monodisperse fine end-member, thus showing that the coarse particles are transported passively within the matrix whatever their amount and grain size are. These flows propagate at constant height and velocity as inviscid fluid gravity currents, thus suggesting negligible interparticle friction. We have determined a Froude number of 2.61 ± 0.08 consistent with the dam-break model for fluid flows, and with no significant variation as a function of α, the grain size ratio, and the initial bed expansion. Very little segregation occurs, which suggests low intensity particle interactions during flow propagation and that active fluidisation is not taking place. Strong frictional contacts are only re-established in the final stages of emplacement and stop the flow motion. We infer that fines-rich (i.e. matrix-supported) pyroclastic flows propagate as inviscid fluid gravity currents for most of their emplacement, and this is consistent with some field data. 相似文献
16.
石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定土壤样品中镉 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
采用磷酸氢二铵作基体改进剂塞曼扣背景石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定土壤样品中镉,方法检出限DL=0.012μg/g,精密度RSD在3.55%~7.33%,满足了土壤样品中镉测定的镉质量要求。 相似文献
17.
J. SELVERSTONE 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2005,23(6):461-470
Interlayered graphitic and non‐graphitic schists from the Tauern Window, Eastern Alps, record contrasting mechanical behaviour during extensional exhumation. Graphitic schists contain mesoscale extension fractures, pervasive microcracks in garnet, and abundant secondary fluid inclusion planes; all three types of structures are oriented perpendicular to the stretching lineation. Crack spacings in garnet from graphitic samples are tightly clustered around a mean of 180 μm. Non‐graphitic schists have fewer and more randomly oriented microcracks and fluid inclusion planes and maintained strain compatibility via crystal plasticity. The presence or absence of graphite appears to have exerted a fundamental control on rheology during unroofing. Calculations for a model graphitic rock at 500 °C and fO2 = 10?24 MPa show that the equilibrium metamorphic fluid evolves from XCO2 = 0.07 to 0.38 during decompression from 700 to 400 MPa, in agreement with microcrack fluid inclusion data that show a change from XCO2 < 0.1 to 0.45 in graphitic samples over the same pressure interval. This compositional shift results in >60% expansion of the pore fluid during decompression. H2O‐rich fluid in non‐graphitic rocks expands <15% over the same pressure interval. The greater pore fluid expansion in low‐permeability graphitic horizons likely promoted tensile failure during unroofing. These results suggest that microcracking should be an inevitable consequence of decompression in many graphitic schists, whereas rocks that lack graphite are less likely to undergo microcracking. Microseismicity is predicted to be more common in graphitic than non‐graphitic rocks during unroofing of mountain belts. 相似文献
18.
The behavior of granular materials is known to depend on its loose or dense nature, which in turns depends both on density and confining pressure. Many models developed in the past require the use of different sets of constitutive parameters for the same material under different confining pressures. The purpose of this paper is to extend a basic generalized plasticity model for sands proposed by Pastor, Zienkiewicz and Chan by modifying the main ingredients of the model flow—rule, loading–unloading discriminating direction and plastic modulus—to include a dependency on the state parameter. The proposed model is tested against the available experimental data on three different sands, using for each of them a single set of material parameters, finding a reasonably good agreement between experiments and predictions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
19.
V. Langlois 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2015,39(8):854-860
We investigate the elastic behavior of weakly cemented contact. We show that the radial distribution of stresses and the stiffnesses of a cemented contact are governed by the ratio a/RΛ, where R, a, and Λ are, respectively, the grain radius, the contact size, and the ratio of the elastic moduli of cement and grains. Moreover, we show that a cemented contact is always less stiff than a Hertzian contact having a similar size. Finally, we propose accurate approximate expressions of the contact stiffnesses. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
20.
Chemo‐mechanics of cemented granular solids subjected to precipitation and dissolution of mineral species 下载免费PDF全文
This paper studies the chemo‐mechanics of cemented granular solids in the context of continuum thermodynamics for fluid‐saturated porous media. For this purpose, an existing constitutive model formulated in the frame of the Breakage Mechanics theory is augmented to cope with reactive processes. Chemical state variables accounting for the reactions between the solid constituents and the solutes in the pore fluid are introduced to enrich the interactions among the microstructural units simulated by the model (i.e., grains and cement bonds). Two different reactive processes are studied (i.e., grain dissolution and cement precipitation), using the chemical variables to describe the progression of the reactions and track changes in the size of grains and bonds. Finally, a homogenization strategy is used to derive the energy potentials of the solid mixture, adopting probability density functions that depend on both mechanical and chemical indices. It is shown that the connection between the statistics of the micro‐scale attributes and the continuum properties of the solid enables the mathematical capture of numerous mechanical effects of lithification and chemical deterioration, such as changes in stiffness, expansion/contraction of the elastic domain, and development of inelastic strains during reaction. In particular, the model offers an interpretation of the plastic strains generated by aggressive environments, which are here interpreted as an outcome of chemically driven debonding and comminution. As a result, the model explains widely observed macroscopic signatures of geomaterial degradation by reconciling the energetics of the deformation/reaction processes with the evolving geometry of the microstructural attributes. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献