DNA barcoding assessment of green macroalgae in coastal zone around Qingdao,China     

DU Guoying  WU Feifei  MAO Yunxiang  GUO Shenghua  XUE Hongfan  and BI Guiqi 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,13(1):97-103

An assessment with assistance of DNA barcoding was conducted on green macroalgae in coastal zone around Qingdao, China, during the period of April–December, 2011. Three markers were applied in molecular discrimination, including the plastid elongation factor tufA gene, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal cistron and rubisco large subunit gene 3′ regions (rbcL-3P). DNA barcoding discriminated 8 species, excluding species of genus Cladophora and Bryopsis due to failures in amplification. We ascertained and corrected 4 species identified by morphological methods for effectively assisting the classification. The gene tufA presented more advantages as an appropriate DNA marker with the strongest amplification success rate and species discrimination power than the other two genes. The poorest sequencing success largely handicapped the application of ITS. Samples identified by tufA and rbcL as Ulva flexuosa were clustered into the clade of U. prolifera by ITS in the neighbor-joining tree. Confusion with discrimination of the complex of U. linza, U. procera and U. prolifera (as the LPP complex) still existed for the three DNA markers. Based on our results, rbcL is recommended as a preferred marker for assisting tufA to discriminate green macroalgae. In distinguishing green-tide-forming Ulva species, the free-floating sample collected from the green tide in 2011 was proved to be identical with U. prolifera in Yellow Sea for ITS and rbcL genes. This study presents a preliminary survey of green macroalgae distributed in the coastal area around Qingdao, and proves that DNA barcoding is a powerful tool for taxonomy of green macroalgae.  相似文献   

16SrDNA克隆文库解析仿刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)苗种培育池中生物絮团的细菌群落结构   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

任利华  李斌  孙国华  张秀珍  杨建敏  姜芳  刘丽娟  刘兆存 《海洋与湖沼》2015,46(1):197-205

通过采集东营和蓬莱地区采用生物絮团技术的仿刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)苗种培育池(DYt和PLt)及其对照池(DYc和PLc)海水样品,构建细菌16S r DNA克隆文库,对其中细菌群落的多样性和群落组成结构进行了分析。结果表明,四个文库Coverage值在34.7%—54.8%之间,文库丰富度指数(Chao)66.2—314.1,Shannon多样性指数从3.01—4.07变动,Pielou均匀度指数0.68—0.85,样品的细菌群落均具有很高的多样性,蓬莱仿刺参苗种培育池细菌多样性均高于东营;生物絮团文库中细菌包括拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、变形细菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)等八个菌门和未知类群,黄杆菌群(Flavobacteria)、α-变形菌群(Alphaproteobacteria)和芽孢杆菌群(Bacilli)为主要优势菌群;DYt和PLt处理组文库细菌多样性减少并出现特征菌群,生物絮团调控技术改变了仿刺参苗种培育环境的微生物群落结构。生物絮团的细菌群落结构研究,为揭示生物絮团的作用机制并进一步有效利用提供研究基础和依据。  相似文献   

Revising the ‘host country standard’ principle: a step for China to align its overseas investment with the Paris Agreement     

Tancrède Voituriez  Wang Yao  Mathias Lund Larsen 《Climate Policy》2013,13(10):1205-1210

ABSTRACT

China’s overseas investment flows (US$ 183 billion) and stock (US$ 4.7 trillion) reached a record peak in 2016, second only to those of the US. A major cause for concern lies in the environmental sustainability of China’s overseas investment portfolio, which is compounded by the lack of transparency of China’s main development finance arms. We intend in this paper to give an update on the magnitude of green finance in China’s overseas investment and development finance portfolio on the basis of the best available estimates, and to put these figures into a broader perspective of multilateral development banks’ commitments and practices to combat climate change. We derive practical policy recommendations that Chinese development banks could take to further align China’s overseas investment with the 2°C target of the Paris Agreement, with the first step being to revise the ‘host country standard’ principle, to ensure that Chinese development banks use the most stringent of the two environmental standards, abroad or at home.

Key policy insights

• Chinese development banks lend, give or invest between US$ 38 billion and US$ 45 billion every year to developing countries, without either elaborating on, or integrating, the provisions of the Paris Agreement into their investment strategy.

• Regulations and safeguards are much more stringent for China’s domestic investment than for China’s overseas investment, and this stringency gap has been widening over recent years.

• As a step towards aligning Chinese overseas investment with the Paris Agreement, Chinese development banks could revise the ‘host country standard principle’. They could instead choose the highest among the two – recipient country or Chinese domestic – in terms of environmental stringency, consequently harmonizing overseas environmental regulation and safeguards with those that apply domestically.

  相似文献   

黄海绿潮发展规模影响因子及预测方法研究     

焦艳  商杰  高松  吴玲娟  李杰  于清溪  赵一丁  付迪 《海洋科学》2022,46(5):65-73

黄海绿潮自2008年起连年暴发, 对沿海地区的海上活动带来严重影响, 不仅造成了巨大的经济损失, 也破坏了近海海洋生态环境。本文基于绿潮多源监测数据和大气海洋再分析资料, 对绿潮规模的年际变化及其影响因子进行分析研究。结果表明, 2008至2019年间黄海绿潮平均分布面积和覆盖面积分别为40 000 km²和620 km²; 影响绿潮规模的关键因子为绿潮生成区的海温和纬向海流, 由此建立的绿潮分布面积回归模型与观测值相关系数达到0.80; 欧亚遥相关波列、太平洋年代际振荡和厄尔尼诺与南方涛动可能是影响绿潮规模年际变化的大尺度环流因子。  相似文献   

基于无人机与卫星图像的大型绿藻孔石莼(Ulva pertusa)遥感估算研究     

孟苗苗  郑向阳  邢前国  刘海龙 《热带海洋学报》2022,41(3):46-53

卫星影像是监测海面漂浮绿藻的重要数据源, 但是混合像元的存在使得绿藻提取存在一定的误差。想要实现近海区域底栖绿藻的精细监测, 需要解决绿藻亚像素覆盖度的问题。本文以厘米级分辨率无人机数据的绿藻提取结果为基准, 通过分析Landsat卫星影像绿藻光谱, 建立绿藻亚像素覆盖度与多种植被指数和多个特征波段反射率的反演模型。结果表明, 蓝、绿、红波段反射率与绿藻亚像素覆盖度呈现较好的线性关系, 随着绿藻亚像素覆盖度递增, 蓝、绿、红波段反射率的值均递减。将蓝、绿、红波段的三种绿藻亚像素覆盖模型进行验证, 发现绿波段反射率所建立的反演模型具有更高的准确性, 决定系数、均方根误差、平均相对误差分别为0.92%、0.07%、10.85%。本文所建立的模型可以估算大型绿藻亚像素覆盖度, 实现Landsat卫星影像对大型绿藻的精细监测。  相似文献   

青藏高原城镇化发展的特殊思路与绿色发展路径   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

方创琳 《地理学报》2022,77(8):1907-1919

青藏高原城镇化肩负着捍卫国家安全屏障与护卫国家生态安全屏障及“亚洲水塔”的特殊使命,对守护好世界上最后一方净土、确保“地球第三极”同全国一道基本实现现代化、让青藏高原各族人民生活更幸福、使青藏高原生态安全屏障更牢固、使国家安全屏障更坚固都发挥着不可替代的重要作用。本文详细论述了青藏高原新型城镇化与内地截然不同的特殊驱动过程、特殊发展道路、特殊发展目标、特殊发展格局、绿色发展模式与路径,认为青藏高原城镇化是一个在高寒缺氧环境下,由单一投资拉动、游客带动、服务驱动、对口支援等特殊驱动形成的低度开发型、文化传承型、守土固边型、护卫水塔型、小聚大散型、社会包容型、生态富民型城镇化过程。未来发展思路是：以守土固边为先导,保障国家安全,快稳有度,确保边境和农村地区有足量人口,到2035年高原常住人口将达到1600万人,城镇化率宜为52.5%左右,将长期稳定在城镇化发展的中期阶段,全面提升城镇化发展质量;以绿色发展为主导,不断提高生态产品和生态服务能力及水平,突出特色,彰显民风,弘扬文化,住在镇里,牧在乡里,就近就地镇民化,建设高原美丽城市与城镇;以小聚大散为布局原则,聚散有度,在散聚中形成由“三圈四带多节点”构成“星星点灯”式固边型城镇空间格局,突出“三圈”（西宁都市圈、拉萨城市圈和柴达木城镇圈）、“四带”（青藏铁路沿线城镇带、川藏铁路沿线城镇带、唐蕃古道沿线城镇带、边境地区固边城镇带）和“多节点”（多个重要城市节点和重要固边城镇）的集聚效应;以通道建设为保障,超前建设青藏高铁等基础设施,筑牢国家安全保障线,加快引进“新基建”上高原,建设高原智慧城市;加快边境城市土地制度改革,建设边境土地改革试验特区,以国土安全为重,在国家重大战略布局和国土空间规划中优先考虑边境城市。  相似文献   

城市技术创新与合作对绿色发展的影响研究——以长江经济带三大城市群为例     

马海涛  王柯文 《地理研究》2022,41(12):3287-3304

知识经济时代技术创新与合作是引领绿色发展的重要动力,但当前技术创新与合作对城市/区域绿色发展的作用尚不明晰。以长江经济带三大城市群为案例区域,通过构建绿色发展的综合评价指标体系,分析2006—2018年间各城市技术创新与对外技术合作以及绿色发展的时空演化格局,运用空间面板杜宾模型探究城市技术创新与对外技术合作对城市绿色发展的影响及其空间效应。研究发现：① 长江经济带城市群的技术创新与对外技术合作能力以及绿色发展水平在研究期内均显著提升,同时在群间和群内存在较大的空间差异,下游城市群及高等级城市往往具有较高水平。② 城市技术创新对绿色发展的总体影响呈“U”型关系,而城市对外技术合作对绿色发展的总体影响则呈显著正相关。③ 长江经济带三大城市群的城市技术创新与对外技术合作对绿色发展影响的空间效应具有显著差异。长三角城市群很大程度上发挥了技术创新与合作对本地和周边城市绿色发展的促进作用,整体实现了区域绿色协同发展,但长江中游和成渝城市群的大多数城市尚未实现技术创新与合作对本地和周边城市绿色发展的推动作用。研究认为在科技创新高度一体化的城市群,城市的技术创新与对外技术合作均对绿色发展产生正向群体效应,而发展中的城市群应努力度过创新的“黑暗期”,尽早跨过技术创新与绿色发展关系的“门槛值”,并大力提升对外技术合作水平。  相似文献   

黄河流域高质量绿色发展水平与空间格局演化特征   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

罗万云  王福博  孙慧 《中国沙漠》2022,42(3):11-20

运用DPSIR模型及空间计量方法对黄河流域高质量绿色发展水平及时空演化进行测度和研究。结果表明：（1）黄河流域高质量绿色发展水平呈现稳步提高的趋势,但整体处于初级阶段,1999—2019年年均增长3.32%,内部驱动力和响应方面贡献显著,压力、状态和影响方面发展有待提高。（2）流域内各省区高质量绿色发展水平差异显著,且均呈增长趋势。（3）黄河流域高质量绿色发展水平存在空间自相关,但这一相关性逐渐减弱,并没有形成具有沿黄分布的空间集聚特征。黄河流域高质量绿色发展的空间集聚中心由四川省（1999年）转移到内蒙古自治区（2019年）,尚未形成一定规模的空间集聚群。  相似文献   

Advancement of the Qianyanzhou Mode in the New Period     

WANG Jingsheng  CAO Kaili  LIU Wenjing  YANG Xiao 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2022,13(3):528-536

In the early 1980s, to control soil and water loss in the rainy season and problems of water shortages in the dry season in the red soil hilly region of central Jiangxi, the academician team of Li Wenhua from Qianyanzhou Station of the Chinese Academy of Sciences proposed a comprehensive muti-dimensional agriculture development mode known as the “Qianyanzhou Mode”. Since then, models for the forest-livestock-food ecosystem, forest-fruit-economy ecosystem, and land-water compound muti-dimensional system and others have been tested, demonstrated, promoted and used to solve major issues in ecological restoration and agricultural production. With the dawn of the new era, the Qianyanzhou Mode is being given new connotations. In order to reduce the use of pesticides and eliminate the use of antibiotics for improving the quality of agricultural products, increasing farmers' income, and assisting in strategies for rural vitalization, Qianyanzhou Station is currently focusing on the development of experiments and demonstrations of green agricultural development modes, such as forest-fruit-fowl, hybrid paper mulberry-pig-fruit, grass-sheep(cattle)-fertilizer-fruit, hybrid paper mulberry-fish-goose, paddy-shrimp, and others. The goal of this new effort is to apply the wisdom of Qianyanzhou to the construction of the ecological civilization, including ecological environment protection and the prosperity of farmers in the old revolutionary base areas in central Jiangxi Province.  相似文献   

空间弯扭钢桥数字化建造关键技术分析     

李久林  徐浩  何辉斌  刘廷勇  李强强 《测绘通报》2022,(9):1-5

随着城市建设的高质量发展,桥梁作为城市交通的重要元素,其外观设计更加现代化,尤其是造型美观的空间弯扭钢结构桥梁备受青睐,这对复杂桥梁的设计、加工制造和精益建造提出了更高的标准要求与技术挑战。本文以全球首例弯扭钢塔斜拉钢构体系桥——新首钢大桥的全数字化建造为研究对象,通过对数字化设计、绿色智能建造及精密测控关键技术的系统研究和应用,实现了基于“骨架+模板”的非一致倾斜空间扭转钢塔节段与变截面高腹板主梁精细化、参数化协同设计,并通过可调参数、虚拟预拼装及三维激光扫描等技术保障了桥梁各构件的高精度制造与钢塔节段的高精度无应力架设。  相似文献