沂蒙缺水山区地下水赋存规律及找水定井范例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

贾德旺  赵庆令 《山东国土资源》2016,32(5)

沂蒙山区是山东省重点贫困缺水地区,缺水区域分布较广,区内地质条件复杂,找水难度极大。通过综合分析区内气象水文、岩性特征、地质构造及地形地貌等地质因素,初步查明了不同地段含水层的结构和富水性;并结合水文地质调查、物探、钻探等综合勘探方法和手段,实施了探采结合孔8口,成功率100%,满足了区内约3万余人的饮用及300余亩土地灌溉用水需求,取得了良好的经济和社会效益。为我国北方严重缺水山区找寻地下水起到了宝贵的指导和示范作用。  相似文献   

三角洲前缘厚层砂岩孔隙结构及微观渗流特征——以吴仓堡地区长6储层为例     

张振红  朱静  余芳  李成  汪伶俐  李文厚 《地质通报》2016,35(203):440-447

依据薄片、压汞、扫描电镜、物性分析及油水驱替实验资料,对吴仓堡地区三角洲前缘亚相长6厚层砂岩储层的岩石学特征、孔渗特征、孔隙结构特征、成岩作用、微观渗流特征等进行深入研究,分析影响储层储集性能的主控因素。结果表明,受东北物源控制的长6厚层砂岩储层具有成分成熟度中等、结构成熟度较好的特点,储集空间主要为残余粒间孔和粒间溶孔、粒内溶孔,为典型中低孔、特低渗储集层;储层储集性能主要受沉积微相和成岩作用控制。对储层发育影响最大的成岩期位于中成岩A期,中等压实－粘土膜胶结残余粒间孔发育成岩相和弱压实-残余粒间孔+溶蚀孔隙发育成岩相是最有利储层发育的成岩相带。根据微观渗流特征,可划分出4种驱油类型,微观孔隙结构比宏观物性更能反映储层的本质特征。  相似文献   

Effect of Groundwater Fluctuations on Pore Pressures and Earth Pressures on Coastal Excavation Retaining Walls     

Lisha Zhang  Kanghe Xie  Dazhong Huang 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2016,34(8):770-781

Pore water and earth pressures acting on retaining structures are investigated using an efficient coastal double-layered excavation model to determine offshore excavation responses to groundwater fluctuations outside foundation pits. Total pore water pressure includes excess pore water pressure (due to groundwater fluctuations) and steady pore water pressure (due to steady seepage) determined using one-dimensional consolidation theory of double-layered soil and one-dimensional steady-state flow theory, respectively. Rankine's active and passive earth pressures are obtained from pore water pressure. This method is applicable to arbitrary groundwater fluctuation conditions. How physical parameters affect pore water pressure is numerically investigated using examples, demonstrating the method's practicality for calculating pore water and earth pressures.  相似文献   

Effects of Column Diameter on Setting Behavior of Dredged Slurry in Sedimentation Experiments     

Yu-Feng Gao  Yuan Zhou  Da-yong Li 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2016,34(5):431-439

This article investigates the influence of dimensions of a settling column on the settling mode and the settling rate. End conditions of the settling stage in the hindered settling were also analyzed. It was found that the settling mode in a column with a smaller diameter tends to be consolidation settling. The effect of a settling column wall decreases with increasing column diameter, and it can be ignored provided the column diameter is larger than 14.5 centimeters. For the difference in initial water content, the settling behavior of the slurry develops a different sensitivity to the diameter effect. The influence of column diameter reduces as the initial water content of the slurry becomes higher. It is suggested that the internal diameter of the column used in a sedimentation experiment should be 14.5 centimeters.  相似文献   

Comparative Study of Hydrogen and Carbon Isotopic Composition of Gases Generated from the Pyrolysis of a Peat under Saltwater and Freshwater Conditions     

WU Yingzhong  DUAN Yi  ZHAO Yang  CAO Xixi  MA Lanhu  QIAN Yaorong  LI Zhongping  XING Lantian 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(5):1879-1887

To understand the influence of the diagenetic water medium on the isotopic compositions of thermogenic coalbed gas, both hydrous and anhydrous closed-system pyrolyses were performed at temperatures of 250°C to 650°C on an herbaceous marsh peat. Compared to the results of anhydrous pyrolysis, the hydrocarbon gases generated from hydrous pyrolyses have very different hydrogen isotopic compositions. However, the carbon isotopic compositions of the hydrocarbon gases became only slightly heavier in hydrous pyrolysis, compared to that from anhydrous pyrolysis. With the progress of thermal evolution from peat to a more advanced thermal maturity of vitrinite reflectance values (Ro) of 5.5% during the pyrolysis, the difference in the average δD value increased from 52‰ to 64‰ between the hydrous pyrolysis with saltwater and anhydrous pyrolysis and increased from 18‰ to 29‰ between the hydrous pyrolysis with freshwater and anhydrous pyrolysis, respectively. The difference in the average δ13C value was only 1‰–2‰ between the hydrous and anhydrous pyrolysis. The relationships between the δD values of the generated hydrocarbon gases and Ro values as well as among δD values of the hydrocarbon gas species are established. The close relationships among these parameters suggest that the water medium had a significant effect on the hydrogen isotopic composition and a minimal effect on the carbon isotopic composition of the hydrocarbon gases. The results of these pyrolyses may provide information for the understanding of the genesis of coalbed gas from herbaceous marsh material with the participation of different diagenetic water media.  相似文献   

帕米尔高原东北缘活动构造对塔什库尔干盆地地热控制作用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

刘健  史杰  姚鑫  李钦  常志勇 《中国地质》2018,45(4):681-692

帕米尔东北缘位于青藏高原西北部,是新构造运动最强烈的地区之一。受控于公格尔拉张断裂作用的塔什库尔干盆地,活动构造强烈,高的大地热流值和丰富的地下水,使其具备地热资源形成的地质构造和水文条件。基于塔什库尔干盆地北部的曲曼地区地质构造、湖相地层年代学调查研究,该地区发育晚更新世的NNE向f_1和f_2正断层以及第四纪沉积物之下存在隐伏的近EW向的断层f_3。这3条断层是塔什库尔干断裂在不同构造演化时期形成的次级断层。结合EH-4电磁成像和钻孔及抽水试验等资料表明NNE向f_1和f_2正断层是地热系统的导水通道,而近EW向f_3断层为导热通道。该地区地热模式是大地热流为热源-地下水深循环逐渐加热-构造控水和控热。  相似文献   

关于水文地质水井钻探工程中新型自动解垢过滤器的分析研究     

汤凤林  沈中华  段隆臣  彭莉  Чихоткин В.Ф. 《探矿工程》2018,45(7):56-61

水文地质钻探、水井钻探是探矿工程的重要组成部分。随着水资源需求量的增加和生态环境保护要求的提高,水文地质和水井钻探工程显得更为重要。在其成井过程中,常见过滤器腐蚀结垢,直接影响井眼进水量和抽水效果,甚至导致过滤器和井眼报废。俄罗斯南方国立技术大学Третьяк А.Я.教授等人发明了自动解垢过滤器,解决了过滤器腐蚀结垢问题。  相似文献   

水射流破碎南海含水合物沉积物数值模拟研究          下载免费PDF全文

潘栋彬  陈晨  杨林  靳成才  李曦桐  刘书源  陈勇  朱江 《探矿工程》2018,45(10):27-31

为研究高压水射流切割、破碎南海天然气水合物储层的过程,采用著名的LS—DYNA显示动力分析有限元程序,对淹没状态下,水射流破碎海底含水合物沉积物过程进行数值模拟研究,研究了不同射流速度对高压水射流作用下含水合物沉积物破碎效果的影响规律。随着射流速度的增大,冲蚀深度逐渐增大,两者呈线性递增关系。含水合物沉积物冲蚀体积是轴向冲蚀与径向冲蚀共同作用的结果,射流速度越大,对含水合物沉积物的轴向与径向冲蚀作用增强,加大了含水合物沉积物冲蚀体积递增速率。  相似文献   

基于数值模拟的再生水对地下水质影响实例     

崔瑜  吴泰然  周磊  周瑞静  杨巧凤 《地质通报》2018,37(7):1365-1373

为了探讨在再生水地表回灌条件下,再生水对地下水中氨素和主要盐分浓度变化的影响,选取现实存在的清河再生水湿地公园为例,以氨氮、Cl-离子为主要研究对象,利用Hydrus-1D溶质运移模型和Modflow、MT3DMSD耦合地下水模型,模拟了再生水长期利用后的地下水氨氮和Cl-指标变化情况。研究结果显示,再生水到达包气带底部时,水中氮氨、Cl-离子含量高于研究区潜水地下水中的相应指标含量,氨氮超出地下水质量Ⅲ类标准。预测5~20年后,潜水中氨氮超标面积不断扩展,20年后将达14km2,氨氮超标垂向延伸至第一层弱透水层;Cl-离子在潜水中不超标,但在湿地公园周边浓度有所增加。湿地公园再生水的长期地表回灌将给当地地下水质量带来负面影响。  相似文献   

川西坳陷新场构造带须家河组超压演化与流体的关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄丽飞  楼章华  陈明玉  朱蓉  王君 《地质通报》2018,37(5):954-964

沉积盆地超压体系是油气勘探与开发过程中一个不容忽视的问题,不仅影响了地质流体的运移和聚集,更为勘探带来安全隐患。以实测地压和油田水化学数据为基础,对川西坳陷新场构造带须四段和须二段现今地层水矿化度与现今压力系数关系进行比较,结合地层水特征系数和阴阳离子关系,综合前人研究结果,对须四段和须二段压力演化史与地层水演化过程进行分析,考察川西坳陷须家河组超压系统演化与地层水演化的耦合关系。结果表明,须家河组超压发育与地层水具有密切的联系:(1)须家河组储层段压力分布范围较广,在弱超压至超强压之间,须二段属于中超压而须四段属于超高压,平面分布中须二段探测井中矿化度随压力系数增加而减少,须四段则相反;(2)在压实过程中,由于流体排驱受阻导致"欠压实"超压的产生,随着超压的不断积聚,局部出现裂缝,导致地层水更加强烈的混合作用和运移;(3)生烃作用导致自生压力增大,地层水离子水岩作用强烈,造成流体包裹体与现今地层水离子成分分异;(4)构造挤压抬升过程中,须四段裂缝不发育,压力进一步升高,须二段则产生泄压,出现了凝析水和水侵现象,造成须四段和须二段现今地层水特征的差异。  相似文献