临洮县春末夏初干旱气候分析   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

李树柏 《干旱气象》2001,19(4):8-10

文中统计了临洮县 196 1～ 2 0 0 0年共 4 0年逐旬降水量资料 ,用谐波分析法分析诊断临洮县逐旬降水量多年平均值的年周期与半年周期 ,划分出气候干湿期时段 ,分析造成春末夏初旱的环流特征 ,为做好短期气候预测 ,指导农业生产提供服务  相似文献   

Atmospheric input of nitrogen into the North Sea: ANICE project overview     

Gerrit de Leeuw  Leo Cohen  Lise Marie Frohn  Gary Geernaert  Ole Hertel  Bjarne Jensen  Tim Jickells  Laura Klein  Gerard J. Kunz  Soren Lund  Marcel Moerman  Frank Müller  Britta Pedersen  Knut von Salzen  K. Heinke Schlünzen  Michael Schulz  Carsten A. Skjth  Lise-Lotte Sorensen  Lucinda Spokes  Susanne Tamm  Elisabetta Vignati 《Continental Shelf Research》2001,21(18-19)

The aim of the atmospheric nitrogen inputs into the coastal ecosystem (ANICE) project is to improve transport–chemistry models that estimate nitrogen deposition to the sea. To achieve this, experimental and modelling work is being conducted which aims to improve understanding of the processes involved in the chemical transformation, transport and deposition of atmospheric nitrogen compounds. Of particular emphasis within ANICE is the influence of coastal zone processes. Both short episodes with high deposition and chronic nitrogen inputs are considered in the project. The improved transport–chemistry models will be used to assess the atmospheric inputs of nitrogen compounds into the European regional seas (the North Sea is studied as a prototype) and evaluate the impact of various emission reduction strategies on the atmospheric nitrogen loads. Assessment of the impact of atmospheric nitrogen on coastal ecosystems will be based on comparisons of phytoplankton nitrogen requirements, other external nitrogen inputs to the ANICE area of interest and the direct nitrogen fluxes provided by ANICE. Selected results from both the experimental and modelling components are presented here. The experimental results show the large spatial and temporal variability in the concentrations of gaseous nitrogen compounds, and their influences on fluxes. Model calculations show the strong variation of both concentrations and gradients of nitric acid at fetches of up to 25 km. Aerosol concentrations also show high temporal variability and experimental evidence for the reaction between nitric acid and sea salt aerosol is provided by size-segregated aerosol composition measured at both sides of the North Sea. In several occasions throughout the experimental period, air mass back trajectory analysis showed connected flow between the two sampling sites (the Weybourne Atmospheric Observatory on the North Norfolk coast of the UK and Meetpost Noordwijk, a research tower at 9 km off the Dutch coast). Results from the METRAS/SEMA mesoscale chemistry transport model system for one of these cases are presented. Measurements of aerosol and rain chemical composition, using equipment mounted on a commercial ferry, show variations in composition across the North Sea. These measurements have been compared to results obtained with the transport–chemistry model ACDEP which calculates the atmospheric inputs into the whole North Sea area. Finally, the results will be made available for the assessment of the impact of atmospheric nitrogen on coastal ecosystems.  相似文献   

Annual variation rate of global sea-level rise and the prediction for the 21st century   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Zheng Wenzhen  Chen Zongyong  Wang Deyu  Chen Kuiying 《海洋学报(英文版)》1996,15(3):323-330

Ａｎｎｕａｌｖａｒｉａｔｉｏｎｒａｔｅｏｆｇｌｏｂａｌｓｅａ－ｌｅｖｅｌｒｉｓｅａｎｄｔｈｅｐｒｅｄｉｃｔｉｏｎｆｏｒｔｈｅ２１ｓｔｃｅｎｔｕｒｙ￥ＺｈｅｎｇＷｅｎｚｈｅｎ；ＣｈｅｎＺｏｎｇｙｏｎｇ；ＷａｎｇＤｅｙｕａｄａｎｄＣｈｅｎＫｕｉｙｉｎｇ（...  相似文献   

Parametric Equation of Stress Concentration Factor for Circular X-Joints Under Axial Loads     

曲淑英张国栋  张宝峰王心健 《中国海洋工程》2007,21(1):51-64

In engineering practice,tubular X-joints have been widely used in offshore structures.The fatigue failure of tubular X-joints in offshore engineering is mainly caused by axial tensile stress.In this study,the stress concentration factor distribution along the weld toe in the hot spot stress region for tubular X-joints subject to axial loads have been analyzed by use of finite element method.Through numerical analysis,it has been found that the peak stress concentration factor is located at the saddle position.Thereafter,80 models have been analyzed,and the effect of the geometric parameters of a tubular X-joint on the stress concentration factor has been investigated.Based on the experimental values of the numerical stress concentration factor,a parametric equation to calculate the stress concentration factor of tubular X-joints has been proposed.The accuracy of this equation has been verified against the requirement of the Fatigue Guidance Review Panel,and the proposed equation is found capable of producing reasonably accurate stress concentration factor values for tubular X-joints subject to axial loads.  相似文献   

井水位潮汐特征及其震前的异常变化     

王铁城  王宝银 《地震》1993,(4):1-7

本文采用调和分析的方法,处理了全国地下水观测井网中18口井孔的水位和气压资料,求出了水井水位中固体潮体应变各分波群的潮汐系数和位相滞后,对这些结果作了分析和讨论。重点对映震能力较好的滇01井潮汐系数及位相滞后这二个参量与地震的关系,作了较详细的研究。  相似文献   

The solution of mixed boundary value problems with the reference ellipsoid as boundary   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Y. Jinghai  W. Xiaoping 《Journal of Geodesy》1997,71(8):454-460

In this paper we study the following mixed boundary value problem where is the reference ellipsoid, and T the disturbing potential. With the help of the variational principles of partial differential equations and the expression of ellipsoidal harmonic series, we give a linear system related to the coefficients of the ellipsoidal harmonic series. Hence the solution of the problem can be obtained in the form of ellipsoidal harmonic series, which supplies us an important theoretical basis for making use of data given by satellite altimetry measurements more efficiently. Received: 16 January 1996; Accepted: 22 January 1997  相似文献   

球壳形磁性层磁异常正反演方法     

安玉林  管志宁 《现代地质》1990,4(2):116-129

为了适应卫星磁测资料解释的需要,作者在磁性界面和磁性层磁异常正反演方法研究的基础上,首次提出了球壳形磁性层磁异常正反演理论和方法。 作者首先阐述了垂直磁化球壳型磁性层模型,导出了场垂直分量Z_(λο)的球谐系数正演公式。然后,给出了磁性层上,下层面埋深变化值与磁化强度变化值的球谐系数反演公式。进而导出了迭代反演收敛条件。本文的磁化强度反演方法不同于目前国内外已有的方法,其反演对象是磁化强度变化值△J_(λθ),磁化强度平均值J是必须给定的定解条件。这种反演方法能给出尽可能满足人们解释要求的解,克服了前人反演方法总存在负值的困难。 为了增加球壳形磁性层反演方法的实用性,作者还在类似平面频率城反演方法所作假设的前提下,把这种利用球谐分析理论在全球面导出的方法,严格地推广应用于局部区域。这也是球谐分析理论在局部区域应用的一个实例,在理沦上具有一定的意义。  相似文献   

Uplift capacity of pile group anchors     

L. Vanitha  N. R. Patra  S. Chandra 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2007,25(3):339-347

Experimental investigations on model single pile anchor and pile group anchors of configuration 2 × 2 subjected to uplift loads were conducted on dry Ennore sand, obtained from Madras, India. The embedment length to shaft width ratios, L/d = 20 and L/d = 30, and enlarged base width to shaft width ratios, B/d = 1,2,3, center to center spacing of pile anchors in the groups, 3d, 4d, 6d and 8d were used. The load displacement response, ultimate resistance and variation of group efficiency with L/d, B/d and spacing have been studied quantitatively and qualitatively. For short pile group anchors (L/d = 20), the isolation spacing appears to be at a spacing of about 4d to 6d and 8d for B/d = 1 and B/d = 2 and 3, respectively. For long pile group anchors (L/d = 30), the isolation spacing appears to be at a spacing of about 4d, 6d and 8d for B/d = 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The analytical model of limit equilibrium method has been proposed to predict the net uplift capacity of pile group anchors. The predicted results compare reasonably well with the experimental results.  相似文献   

2000年中国地磁场及其长期变化冠谐分析   总被引：10，自引：5，他引：10       下载免费PDF全文

安振昌 《地球物理学报》2003,46(1):68-72

根据1998～2000年完成的118个地磁测点 和39个地磁台的三分量绝对测量资料以及IGRF2000，计算2000年中国地磁场冠谐模型(截断 阶数为8)，以及2000～2005年中国地磁长期变化冠谐模型(截断阶数为6). 球冠极位于36 °N，104°E，球冠半角为30°. 中国地磁场冠谐模型能更好地表示我国地磁场的时空变化 ，地磁场模型的均方偏差为：104.4 nT(X分量)，103.3 nT(Y分量)，123.9 nT(Z分量). 依据地磁场及其长期变化的冠谐模型，分别绘制2000年中国地磁图(F，X，Y，Z)和异常磁场图(ΔF，ΔX，ΔY，ΔZ)，以及2000～2005年地磁长期变化图(F，X，Y，Z). 指出改善地磁场模型边界效应 的途径，并对如何布设地磁复测点提出了建议.  相似文献   

交通荷载作用下地基中瑞利波的传播特性     

颜可珍  夏唐代  姜爱华 《岩土力学》2004,25(Z2):414-417

瑞利波频谱分析法是一种能有效的测试地基参数的方法,但测试深度较浅.交通荷载产生的波频率低,传播较深,因此利用交通荷载产生的表面波能获的更深土层的参数.根据交通荷载的运动特性和三维波动方程,运用解析方法求得了交通荷载作用下瑞利波的特征方程,并对弥散性和荷载运动对波的传播的影响进行了分析,研究发现对于同一运动速度V,不同频率的波其传播方向不相同.  相似文献