超大型矿床的基本特征及找矿方法探讨          下载免费PDF全文

林颖  凌洪飞 《地质找矿论丛》2000,15(2):184-191

超大型矿床数量有限,只占世界矿床总数的一小部分,但储量和开采量对于全世界的总储量和总开采量来说占有十分显赫的位置。它展示的某些地质特征是中小型矿床不具备的。世界上大部分金属主要含于大型、超大型矿床中,它在国民经济发展中却占有十分重要的地位。寻找超大型矿床已是刻不容缓,对超在型矿床的分布、特征、成因各方面的研究则是找矿的一个重要的基础。  相似文献   

台湾近海热液体系独特的生物及地球化学特征   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

陈雪刚  吴斌  郑豪  樊炜  叶瑛  陈镇东 《海洋学报》2019,41(10):161-168

台湾地处西太平洋构造活动带,近海发育了多处热液活动,其中最典型的为龟山岛和绿岛热液体系。本文对海峡两岸在龟山岛和绿岛热液的地球化学特征以及周边生物体的响应的研究进展进行了综述。龟山岛热液喷出流体具有全球最低的pH(1.52),富含重金属元素和CO₂等酸性气体,是周围海水中有色溶解有机质的来源;绿岛具有全球热液中最低的溶解有机碳浓度(14 μmol /L),且具有特殊的动力学特性。喷口周边分布了较为罕见的自然硫烟囱体和硫磺球。喷口的高毒性、高酸性热液改变了热液区生物体如螃蟹的生活习性和解毒机制。热液区的主要活跃菌群为参与碳、硫和氮代谢途径的γ-和ε-变形菌。主要生物质合成以硫还原和硫氧化的化能无机自养型生物为主,微生物硫代谢促进了热液系统中的微生物能量流动和元素循环作用。某些热液生物采用繁殖期迁徙的机制应对高毒性、高酸性热液环境。在热液活动的胁迫下,这些微生物产生了新颖独特的代谢产物。此外,龟山岛和绿岛热液体系还受到了潮汐、台风和地震等灾害性事件的影响。台湾近海热液体系的研究对认识热液地球化学循环、探讨热液的生态环境效应等具有重要的意义。  相似文献   

浙江安吉坞山关杂岩体岩相学和岩石地球化学特征及岩石成因   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

唐燕文  谢玉玲  李应栩  邱立明  刘保顺  李媛  张欣欣  姜妍岑  韩宇达 《矿床地质》2012,31(4):903-916

位于钦—杭成矿带东段北缘的浙江安吉多金属矿区发育侵位序列复杂的坞山关杂岩体及与其有关的蚀变和矿化.为了探讨区内岩浆岩与成矿的关系,在野外调查的基础上,文章对该杂岩体的岩相学、岩石地球化学开展了研究,并籍此对其成因类型、源区特征进行了探讨.坞山关杂岩体由黑云母二长花岗岩、花岗闪长岩和正长花岗岩组成,前者具富碱、高钾特征,属准铝质-钾玄岩系列,花岗闪长岩具高钾特征,属准铝质-高钾钙碱性系列,正长花岗岩具高硅、低钙、贫镁、高FeO/MgO值、富碱特征,属准铝-弱过铝质钾玄岩系列.该杂岩体的∑REE为(123.5～216.47)×10-6,稀土元素配分型式呈明显的右倾轻稀土元素富集型,Eu呈不同程度的负异常.微量元素蛛网图中,各岩石单元大离子亲石元素(尤其是Rb、Th、K)明显富集,Ba、Sr负异常明显,相对亏损高场强元素Nb、Ti、P.该杂岩体成矿元素ω(Mo)、ω(W)明显高于克拉克值,暗示其具有提供成矿物质的潜力.黑云母二长花岗岩为分异Ⅰ型花岗岩,花岗闪长岩属Ⅰ型花岗岩,正长花岗岩具有A型花岗岩的多数特征,但从杂岩体各岩石单元的成岩年龄相差不大、具地球化学亲缘性以及A型花岗岩不具高分异特征来考虑,将其归为高分异Ⅰ型花岗岩更理.La/Sm-La图解显示出,该杂岩体为平衡部分熔融作用所形成,其轻稀土元素富集、Ta-Nb、Ti、Eu、Sr、Ba负异常可能是源区为含角闪石族、金红石、斜长石作为难熔相遗留在残留物中所致.  相似文献   

高学历人才逆向梯次迁移现象及机制研究——以北上广深应聘至武汉的中小学教师为例     

高喆  邱嘉怡  余家怡  李昱霄  敖荣军 《地理研究》2023,42(1):123-136

本文聚焦于高学历人才“逆向梯次迁移”现象,基于武汉市中小学教师招聘考试数据,运用二元Logistic回归模型分析正规就业驱动下北上广深至武汉的高学历人才逆向梯次迁移,结合粘性理论解释其机制。结果表明：(1)正规就业导向下,高学历人才逆向梯次迁移已成为人才迁移的重要趋势之一,以武汉为目的地的跨省城际迁移中近1/4呈现逆向梯次迁移意愿,非应届生占比高于应届生。(2)“逆向梯次迁移”受粘性因素、个人因素和城市因素影响。粘性因素即“户籍地粘性”与“就学地粘性”起到关键作用;包括“年龄”“毕业学校级别”“学历级别”和“户籍地所在城市级别”在内的个人因素和城市因素也存在影响。(3)与西方受宗教、种族、家庭和个人价值等因素影响不同,基于乡缘、学缘关系产生的户籍地、就学地粘性更深刻作用于中国的高学历人才择业迁移选择,引发逆向梯次迁移现象。  相似文献   

Study on characteristics of 3-D translating-pulsating source green function of deep-water havelock form and its fast integration method     

许勇  董文才 《中国海洋工程》2011,25(3):365-380

The singularities, oscillatory performances and the contributing factors to the 3-D translating-pulsating source Green function of deep-water Havelock form which consists of a local disturbance part and a far-field wave-like part, are analyzed systematically. Relative numerical integral methods about the two parts are presented in this paper. An improved method based on LOBATTO rule is used to eliminate singularities caused respectively by infinite discontinuity and jump discontinuous node from the local disturbance part function, which makes the improvement of calculation efficiency and accuracy possible. And variable substitution is applied to remove the singularity existing at the end of the integral interval of the far-field wave-like part function. Two auxiliary techniques such as valid interval calculation and local refinement of integral steps technique in narrow zones near false singularities are applied so as to avoid unnecessary integration of invalid interval and improve integral accordance. Numerical test results have proved the efficiency and accuracy in these integral methods that thus can be applied to calculate hydrodynamic performance of floating structures moving in waves.  相似文献   

辽东湾某油田大斜度井清除岩屑床技术的探讨          下载免费PDF全文

和鹏飞 《探矿工程》2014,41(6):35-37

针对辽东湾某区块大斜度井出现的钻井液粘切高、起下钻困难、钻井液流变性不易控制的问题,从清理岩屑床入手,提出通过改善泥饼质量,保证井眼光滑、井壁稳定和保证钻屑携带的基础上,改变钻井液的流变性,使钻井液在钻铤处达到紊流,并及时使钻屑均匀分散在钻井液中,减少形成岩屑床的机会,达到清理岩屑床目的的新方法。该技术在该区块8口水垂比小于2的井上进行了施工,取得了理想的效果。  相似文献   

Petrogenesis of Kejie Granite in the Northern Changning-Menglian Zone, Western Yunnan: Constraints from Zircon U-Pb Geochronology, Geochemistry and Hf Isotope     

NIE Fei  DONG Guochen  MO Xuanxue  WANG Xi  FAN Wenyu  DONG Meiling  ZHU Huaping 《《地质学报》英文版》2014,88(3):754-765

The Kejie pluton is located in the north of the Changning-Menglian suture zone. The rock types are mainly biotite-granite. Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating indicates that the Kejie pluton emplaced at about 80–77 Ma, Late Cretaceous. The Kejie pluton samples are characterized by high SiO2(71.68%–72.47%), K2O(4.73%–5.54%), total alkali(K2O + Na2O = 8.21%–8.53%), K2O/Na2O ratios(1.36–1.94) and low P2O5(0.13%–0.17%), with A/CNK of 1.025–1.055; enriched in U, Th, and K, depleted in Ba, Nb, Sr, Ti, P and Eu. They are highly fractionated, slightly peraluminous I-type granite. The two samples of the Kejie pluton give a large variation of εHf(t) values(-5.04 to 1.96) and Hf isotope crustal model ages of 1.16–1.5 Ga. Zircon Hf isotopes and zircon saturation temperatures of whole-rock(801°C–823°C) show that the mantle-derived materials maybe have played a vital role in the generation of the Kejie pluton. The Kejie pluton was most likely generated in a setting associated with the eastward subduction of the neo-Tethys ocean, where intrusion of mantle wedge basaltic magmas in the crust caused the anatexis of the latter, forming hybrid melts, which subsequently experienced high-degree fractional crystallization.  相似文献   

Effect of n-3 HUFA levels in rotifers and Artemia on growth and survival of larval black sea bream （Sparus macrocephalus）     

刘镜恪李岿然  黄冰心陈晓琳 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2004,22(4):421-424

Requirement for dietary n-3 HUFA (n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid) for growth and survival of black sea bream (Sparus macrocephalus) larvae was studied using rotifers and Artemia at various levels of n-3 HUFA. Five treatments with rotifers and Artemia differing in n-3 HUFA were prepared by enriching them with various oil emulsions. Results indicated that dietary n-3 HUFA significantly influence fish n-3 HUFA levels and are essential for growth and survival of black sea bream larvae. The results also indicated that the incorporation of n-3HUFA TG (triacylglycerols) into tissues of larval black sea bream was more effective from natural fish oil in comparison with n-3 HUFA fatty acid ethyl esters from ethyl-esterified oil.  相似文献   

An analytical method of analysing the oscillatory pressure head measured at any depth in a well casing     

Chia‐Shyun Chen 《水文研究》2008,22(8):1119-1124

When a slug test is conducted in a highly permeable aquifer, a shallow pressure transducer in the well casing produces an oscillatory pressure head that is representative of the water level fluctuation, whereas a deep pressure transducer in the well casing yields an oscillatory pressure head that is different from the water level change. Although the solutions for shallow and deep pressure head are different, it is found that the ratios of the subsequent extremity displacements are in an identical relationship (an extremity can be a maximum or a minimum in the oscillatory pressure head). Based on this relationship, an analytical data analysis method for the determination of the hydraulic conductivity is developed for both shallow and deep pressure transducer data. This analytical method is applied to the pressure head measured at different depths in the well casing of a well partially penetrating an unconfined coarse sand aquifer. Satisfactory results are obtained, validating the applicability of this analytical method for pressure transducer data at any depth in a well casing. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

高压实膨润土的非饱和渗透膨胀模型   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

牛文杰  叶为民  陈宝 《岩土力学》2009,30(Z2):88-92

高放废弃物深地质处置库中,作为缓冲/回填材料的高压实膨润土的设计功能是,遇水吸湿导致土体膨胀变形,以密封高压实膨润土块体砌置时形成的块体与块体之间和块体与围岩之间的施工缝隙以及围岩中因处置库开挖卸载引起的裂缝,形成阻障围岩中地下水渗入内库引起核素迁移,与库内高放废物的辐射扩散的人工屏障。高压实膨润土在自由膨胀条件下的膨胀应变和非饱和渗透系数由渗透试验测得;孔隙比和吸力的关系由压汞试验测得。吸力和含水率的函数关系可由土-水特征曲线测试试验得到。因此,自由膨胀条件下膨润土的非饱和渗透膨胀模型由膨胀应变、非饱和渗透系数和孔隙比与吸力的函数关系建立。结果表明：渗透系数和体积应变都随吸力减小而增加,因为吸力减小会导致孔隙比增加。这一发现有助于设计高放废物的最终处置方案。  相似文献