Gravito-electrodynamics and the structure of planetary ring systems     

D. A. Mendis 《Journal of Earth System Science》1984,93(3):177-188

Recent spacecraft observations of the Saturnian and Jovian ring systems have highlighted a plethora of interesting new phenomena associated with those regions containing fine (micron and sub-micron sized) dust. Recognizing that these dust grains, by virtue of being immersed within the planetary magnetospheres, are electrostatically charged to the point that they experience comparable gravitational and electric forces, a new “gravito-electrodynamic” theory has been developed to describe their dynamics. This theory has been successful in explaining all these phenomena in a systematic way. In this review, the basic model and its range of validity are outlined, and its application to the Saturnian and Jovian ring systems are discussed.  相似文献   

Structures caused by repeated freezing and thawing in various loamy sediments: A comparison of active,fossil and experimental data     

Brigitte Van Vliet-Lanoë  Jean-Pierre Coutard  Albert Pissart 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1984,9(6):553-565

In this paper, the authors present the results of both macroscopic and microscopic investigations on structure development created by repeated ice lensing in various loamy experiments. Experimental data are compared with observations performed on active forms in High Arctic and Alpine Mountain environments. Those observations are also compared with phenomena observed in fossil periglacial formations of Western Europe. Platy and short prismatic structure formation is bonded to the hydraulic and thermal conditions during ice segregation. When a long series of alternating freezing and thawing affects platy structures, the fabric evolves, also being influenced by slope and drainage conditions: cryoturbations, frostcreep, and gelifluction can appear. They are characterized by specific microfabrics which are better developed with an increasing number of cycles: this is clear in experiments where hydraulic and thermal parameters are better controlled. Vesicles are also a prominent characteristic of the surface horizon in experiments and arctic soils. The genesis of vesicles is discussed on the basis of new observations and is related to the mechanical collapse of frost-created aggregates under the mechanical work of soil air escape during soil saturation by water at thaw.  相似文献   

北京房山花岗闪长岩体及其附近现今应力状态分析          下载免费PDF全文

梁海庆  翟青山  李方全 《地震地质》1987,9(4):32

由本区实测原地应力资料分析认为,总体呈北东走向的八宝山、黄庄-高丽营断裂带总体活动性质为顺时针扭动。断裂带不同地段的实测应力状态各具的特征,不同于京津唐地区实测主压应力的主导方向。运用弹性理论的应力叠加原理计算出断层附近的附加应力状态,则显示了总体呈北东走向的断裂带存在张性反扭活动分量,大灰厂和牛口峪地段断层也存在同样特征。认为自唐山大震后,本区应力状态仍处于调整阶段。测得的较深部位的应力状态也似乎受到了构造活动的影响  相似文献   

衍射指标h和k的互换问题     

张冠英 《矿物学报》1986,(2)

通过衍射线指标和面网指标的联系讨论了晶体的对称性对衍射指标h和k互换的影响。在下列情况下衍射指标h和k是不能互换的:在低级晶族;在四方晶系C_(4h)—4/m劳厄点群,六方品系C_(6h)—6/m劳厄点群和立方晶系T_h—m3劳厄点群对于hko和kkl型衍射;在三方晶系选取六方晶胞的情况下,在C_(3i)—3劳厄点群对于hol,okl,hko和hkl型衍射,在D_(3d)—3m劳厄点群对于holokl和hkl型衍射,以及在菱面体点阵除非h和k都是三的倍数。  相似文献   

四川彭县推覆构造的特征与形成   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

刘肇昌  代真勇 《地球科学》1986,(1)

本文对前龙门山区彭县推覆构造进行了详细研究,在推覆体内部划分出若干不同的构造带,强烈压缩变形的白水河断裂带为其“根带”。它们主要是旱第三纪末的陆内俯冲挤压导致的褶皱-逆冲作用以及随后的重力滑动作用形成的。推覆体在滑移过程中发生变形,并对原地岩系的构造进行改造。  相似文献   

华南叠加-重熔型花岗岩的成生机制     

Feng Zhiwen Xia Weihua Zhang Jintong Chen Ziying 《地球科学》1986,(1)

南岭成矿带是太平洋及印度洋板块对中国大陆板块联合作用的结果。囊括大量稀有-有色金属矿床的中心弧形构造-岩浆岩系正是这个“钳式”应力场作用的集中体现,“深部叠加-重熔”——以板块持续运动和相对高速率运动产生并贮集能量为前提,以俯冲板块不断带入新的挥发物质为条件,随着动力热和挥发组分的不断回流—汇集—贮集而使仰冲板块深部预热的原地或途中固化-半固化的先期熔融的岩浆岩发生了二次甚至多次的熔融作用。  相似文献   

新疆某地超基性岩体构造控矿的初步分析     

崔日武 《地球科学》1986,(1)

本文运用了地质力学方法,试图分析新疆某超基性岩的控岩控矿构造。该区可分三个构造带:东西带,北西西带和南北向带,后二者控制岩体。本文讨论了构造运动的型式、断层与铬铁矿成矿关系以及局部应力场特征。  相似文献   

从模拟实验的结果看底辟发育的力学机制     

Zhang Jiahua 《地球科学》1986,(3)

底辟构造在我国东部沉积盆地中有广泛的分布,并蕴藏有丰富的油气资源。作者模拟了隐刺穿构造的发育过程及其变形特征,从而分析底辟发育的力学机制。实验结果表明,底辟的形成时间和底辟核的形态对底辟变形有重大影响。绝大多数隐刺穿构造。在其顶部都发育一个地堑断裂系,这是底辟构造的共同特征。  相似文献   

A generalized probabilistic approach for slope analysis: practical application to an open pit iron ore mine     

D. S. Young 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1986,4(1):3-13

Summary An example of the generalized probabilistic approach to slope analysis is given through a case study on an iron ore mine. A step by step engineering procedure is described, so that a practical application can be made to other structures under different field conditions.  相似文献   

Pyrolysis of immature Torbanite and of the resistant biopolymer (PRB A) isolated from extant alga Botryococcus braunii. Mechanism of formation and structure of torbanite     

C. Largeau  S. Derenne  E. Casadevall  A. Kadouri  N. Sellier 《Organic Geochemistry》1986,10(4-6)

Immature Torbanite and the resistant biopolymer (PRB A) isolated from extant B. braunii were previously compared using bulk spectroscopic methods. In the present work, analysis of 400°C pyrolysis products and pyrolysis residues provided further information on their structure and possible relationships. It appears that such polymers are based upon unbranched, saturated, cross-linked hydrocarbon chains up to C₃₁. In addition to these bridging structures, a substantial part of the alkyl chains is singly bound, as esters of unbranched, saturated or cis unsaturated, even fatty acids. These esters are sterically protected, against chemical degradations, by the network of the bioand geopolymer.Quantitative and qualitative observations derived from 400°C pyrolysis confirm that the chemical structure of PRB A and immature Torbanite are closely related. The pyrolysis residues show a similar evolution and numerous common features are noted, with respect to the nature and the distribution of the major constituents of the pyrolysates (hydrocarbons and fatty acids). Accordingly, Botryococcus provides what seems to be the first example of a close structural relationship between a biopolymer produced in large amounts by an extant alga and the geopolymer of an immature kerogen. The essential role of PRB A in Torbanite formation is ascertained. Moreover, it is found that the resistant biopolymer does not undergo important structural changes during the first stages of diagenesis. Thus, owing to steric protection, the esters of immature Torbanite show a distribution quite close to the one of PRB A esters, with exclusively even constituents and a large contribution of unsaturated acids.Recent observations pointed to the possible genesis of some algal kerogens principally by selective preservation of resistant macromolecules. Such a type of formation is clearly predominant in Torbanite, where the bulk of the fossil organic matter corresponds to a selectively preserved and weakly altered, resistant biopolymer, while incorporation of lipids into the kerogen structure during diagenesis seems to play a minor role.  相似文献