白涧铁矿南区复杂地层钻探施工技术          下载免费PDF全文

李红梅  石逊 《探矿工程》2021,48(11):30-35

邢台白涧铁矿南区地层岩石破碎、部分地层含角砾、胶结性差、漏失严重,钻探施工中存在掉块卡钻、缩径、坍塌、埋钻及孔内泥浆全部漏失等难题。通过优化钻孔结构、使用新工艺、新方法,合理选择钻进参数,采用绳索取心钻进配合预留技术套管,有效解决了上部煤系地层的坍塌问题;采用反丝套管的方法,极大地减轻了由于地层缩径、掉块引起的套管下不到位、起拔困难等风险;常规型绳索取心钻杆替代套管方法的采用,提高了含角砾、松散地层的穿过速度,减少了钻探工作量的报废,加快了施工进度;特别是高胎体双水口钻头的使用,提高了钻进效率,节约了钻探施工成本,项目得以如期完成。  相似文献   

不同地质建造类型的生态环境功能特征——以西昌地区为例     

张腾蛟  刘洪  欧阳渊  张景华  张振杰  李樋 《中国地质调查》2021,7(6):35-49

地质建造背景可以直接反映该地区的形成演化过程、物质组成和地理条件,直接或间接地影响基岩上的生态环境。小范围内生态环境效应由地质建造直接控制,再由不同的气候条件、人类活动进行改造。土壤中的营养元素基本继承于母岩,而气候条件和人类活动同样会对土壤的物理性质、化学性质形成扰动。以中国地质调查局生态地质调查工程之大凉山区生态地质调查项目为依托,以沉积建造特征、空间分布、大地构造属性等因素为基础,将西昌地区划分为11个地质建造单元。通过详细的野外调查和数据分析,对西昌地区不同地质建造单元进行研究,认为建造单元上的生态地质环境存在明显的差异性,地质建造背景直接制约了成土母质及土壤的物理化学性质,营养元素在成土母质和土壤之间的迁移存在明显的继承性。同时,不同的地质建造单元和不同的地理地貌特征共同决定了不同地质建造单元的生态功能属性。研究成果为下一步开展生态地质调查提供依据和思路。  相似文献   

Trend detection in river flow series: 1. Annual maximum flow / Détection de tendance dans des séries de débit fluvial: 1. Débit maximum annuel     

《水文科学杂志》2013,58(5)

Abstract

Results of a study on change detection in hydrological time series of annual maximum river flow are presented. Out of more than a thousand long time series made available by the Global Runoff Data Centre (GRDC) in Koblenz, Germany, a worldwide data set consisting of 195 long series of daily mean flow records was selected, based on such criteria as length of series, currency, lack of gaps and missing values, adequate geographical distribution, and priority to smaller catchments. The analysis of annual maximum flows does not support the hypothesis of ubiquitous growth of high flows. Although 27 cases of strong, statistically significant increase were identified by the Mann-Kendall test, there are 31 decreases as well, and most (137) time series do not show any significant changes (at the 10% level). Caution is advised in interpreting these results as flooding is a complex phenomenon, caused by a number of factors that can be associated with local, regional, and hemispheric climatic processes. Moreover, river flow has strong natural variability and exhibits long-term persistence which can confound the results of trend and significance tests.  相似文献   

Pulse generation models for daily intermittent streamflows / Modèles de génération d’impulsions pour des débits journaliers intermittents     

《水文科学杂志》2013,58(3)

Abstract

Abstract Generating pulses and then converting them into flow are two main steps of daily streamflow generation. Three pulse generation models have been proposed on the basis of Markov chains for the purpose of generating daily intermittent streamflow time series in this study. The first one is based on two two-state Markov chains, whereas the second uses a three-state Markov chain. The third model uses harmonic analysis and fits Fourier series to the three-state Markov chain. Results for a daily intermittent streamflow data series show a good performance of the proposed models.  相似文献   

Flood forecasting and infiltration modeling/Prévision de crue et modélisation de l’infiltration     

《水文科学杂志》2013,58(2)

Abstract

Abstract The role of accuracy in the representation of infiltration on the effectiveness of real-time flood forecasting models was investigated. A simple semi-distributed model of conceptual type with adaptive estimate of hydraulic characteristics included in the infiltration component was selected. Infiltration was described by a very accurate approach recently formulated for complex rainfall patterns, or alternatively through a simpler formulation known as an extension of the classical time compression approximation. The results indicated that, for situations involving a significant rainfall variability in space, the inaccuracy in the representation of infiltration cannot be corrected by the adaptive component of the rainfall–runoff model. A preliminary analysis of the role of an approximation of saturated hydraulic conductivity to be used in each homogeneous area of the semi-distributed model used both in non-adaptive version and in real-time is also presented.  相似文献   

人造金刚石合成片中再结晶物质的空间分布     

贺义兴  郝兆印  王德荣  陈宇飞  王安平 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1994,(3)

通过电子显微镜观察，发现金刚石合成片断面的再结晶物质具有分带现象，金刚石晶体出现于再结晶片－板状石墨亚带和枝状石墨亚带中，这一发现有助于深入探讨金刚石的生长条件和形成机理。  相似文献   

中国金伯利岩中的钛铁矿   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

董振信 《矿物学报》1991,11(2):141-147

本文研究了金伯利岩中,作为巨晶和粗晶,基质相矿物,与金云母、镁铝榴石、铬尖晶石等矿物的连生体,金刚石中包裹体矿物及金伯利岩地幔岩包裹体矿物产出的钛铁矿的大小,形态、皮壳及化学成分、端元组分、环带及成分变异趋势。并与其他岩类中的钛铁矿作了对比。探讨了不同产状、共生组合类型的钛铁矿的成因。指出了与金刚石紧密伴生的钛铁矿的标型特征及找矿意义。  相似文献   

Mantle Degassing and Diamond Genesis：A Carbon Isotope Perspective     

郑永飞 《中国地球化学学报》1994,13(4):305-316

The effect of Co2 and CH4 degassing from the mantle on the carbon isotopic composition of diamond has been quantitatively modeled in terms of the principles of Rayleigh distillation.Assuming the δ^13 C value of -5‰ for the mantle,the outgassing of CO2 can result in the large negative δ^13 C values of diamond,whereas the outgassing of CH4 can drive the δ^13C values of diamond in the positive direction.The theoretical expectations can be used to explain the full range of δ^13 C values from-34.4‰5 to 5‰ observed for natural diamonds.It is possible that diamond formation was triggered by the degassing of Co2 and/or CH4 from the mantle and the associated fractional crystallization of carbonate-bearing melt.  相似文献   

伊朗卡尔赫水电站坝址松散砾岩钻探工艺          下载免费PDF全文

路殿忠 《探矿工程》1994,(3):30-31

在伊朗卡尔赫水电站坝址工程勘察中，采用金刚石双管单动钻具和ＳＭ胶冲洗液进行取样钻探，用清水钻进压水试验，由于钻探工艺合理，钻探质量均达到了设计要求。  相似文献   

泥湾门大桥浅海大直径嵌岩桩施工技术          下载免费PDF全文

柴云来 《探矿工程》1994,(3):28-29,31

介绍了在浅海施工直径２．２０ｍ嵌岩桩的技术问题。包括平台的搭设，用刮刀钻头与牙轮钻头钻进克取硬岩一次成孔工艺，利用冲洗液平衡原理处理浅海钻进护简断裂的成孔方法，改进浇灌清孔流程，保证浇灌质量。  相似文献