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21.
Despite the increasing public profile of same-sex issues, health policies are often shaped by heteronormative assumptions.
The health concerns of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual/transgender, two-spirit, intersex, queer and questioning (LGBTTTIQQ)
people are complex and require broadening from an often exclusively sexual health and risk focus to a more holistic approach.
In this context, this paper illustrates how a critical feminist geography of health, with its focus on the mutual construction
of gender relations, space and place, potentially enhances and extends current understandings of public health policy and
practice. Moreover, the use of a policy lens foregrounding gender and other power relations suggests that feminist research
and coalitions facilitate participatory processes that address “the politics of discourse.” In particular, public health nursing
practice can enhance the construction of spaces of resistance that challenge heteronormative discourse through research strategies
focused on sexual minority communities’ health experiences and their visions for supportive care. In this respect, two strategies
consistent with public health priorities to increase knowledge and participate in alliances are described. Ethnographic research
with childbearing lesbians demonstrates that attention to institutional dynamics that foster safe spaces can facilitate access
to public health services. Public health nurses’ involvement in community coalitions can enhance dissemination of community
knowledges. The implications for gender inclusive and place-sensitive public health nursing practice include the development
of sensitive educators, meaningful educational curriculum and related program planning, explicit policies, community partnerships
and political leadership in institutional and research venues. 相似文献
22.
Not only the nutritional status and biological activity but also the soil ecological functioning or soil health has been impacted profoundly by land degradation in the karst area of southwest China where the karst ecosystems are generally considered as extremely vulnerable to land degradation under intensified land-use changes. The objectives of this study are to elucidate the changes in overall soil quality by a holistic approach of soil nutritional, biological activity, and soil health indicators in the karst area as impacted by intense cultivation and vegetation degradation. Topsoil samples were collected on selected eco-tesserae in a sequence of land degradation in a karst area of southwest Guizhou in 2004. The soil nutrient pools of organic carbon (Corg), extractable extracellular carbon (Cext), total soil nitrogen (Nt), alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen (Nah), total phosphorus (Pt), available phosphorus (Pa) were analyzed by wet soil chemistry. The soil biological properties were studied by means of measurements of microbial biomass carbon (both by fumigation–extraction, FE-Cmic, and by calculation from substrate-incubation respiration, SIR-Cmic) of respiration [respiration without addition of substrates, basal respiration (BR), and potential respiration (PR) with substrate-incubation] and of soil enzyme activities (invertase, urease, and alkaline phosphatase). Soil health status was assessed by simple indices of Cmic/Corg and BR/Cmic in conjunction with bacterial community structures determined by polymerase chain reaction and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. While the nutritional pool parameters, such as Corg and Cext, described basically the changes in soil life-supporting capacity with cultivation interference and vegetation declined, those parameters of biological activity such as FE-Cmic, SIR, and SIR-Cmic as well as bacterial community structures measured by molecular method evidenced well the changes in soil functioning for ecosystem health with the land degradation. 相似文献
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Skier-triggered avalanches are the main cause of avalanche accidents in backcountry skiing. The risk of accidents during backcountry
skiing was analysed statistically and related to factors such as elevation level, aspect, stability rating and the time of
the year. The analysis is based on a database about terrain usage and avalanche accidents from a large heli-skiing operator
in Canada, which makes it possible to study the conditional probability of accidents given the recorded pattern of terrain
usage. This study shows that the historical risk of accidentally triggering an avalanche greater than size 1 depends highly
on the stability rating, with the highest risk occurring during “poor” stability. The risk is greater at high elevations,
and it is lower during the late season than earlier on. Skier risk does not depend as much on aspect as may be indicated from
avalanche data alone. However, it is relatively high in the N–NE–E sector. These factors are not independent of each other
and therefore analyses of combined factors were also performed. Questionnaires and interviews were used to gain knowledge
about the terrain selection of professional mountain guides. These results indicate that when selecting terrain, guides first
look at the overall shape and size of the terrain, but avalanche history of terrain and inclination are also important factors.
Finally, remarks in avalanche reports were analysed, and common human factors identified. 相似文献
26.
YU Jie Ursula Pietrzak Jim Peterson 《地球空间信息科学学报》2005,8(4):257-261
In that orcharding in early-to-mid twentieth century southeastern Australia involved use of certain heavy metal and As compounds in regular pest-control spray procedures, some interest attaches to the possibility that these landparcels are underlain by soils with above-background Cu, Pb and As levels. Interpreta- tion of Land-cover changes allowed land parcels previously occupied by orchards to be identified in the 1950s through time-series air-photos. A comparison of soil analysis results referring to soil samples from control sites, and from land parcels formerly occupied by orchardists, shows that contamination (above-background) levels of cations in the pesticides can be found in the top 6 cm of former orchard soils. It is clear that digital spatial data handling and culturally-informed air photo interpretation has a place in soil contamination studies, land-use planning (with particular reference to re-development) and in administration of public health. 相似文献
27.
沙漠化:从圈层耦合到全球变化 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
从沙漠化概念提出伊始 ,沙漠化成因机理的研究就一直成为学术界关注的焦点。沙漠化过程究竟有多少是由自然因素所致 ,多少是由人类活动所为 ,诸因素与沙漠化之间有何内在关系 ,沙尘天气发生发展过程及其诱因等 ,当属地球系统科学应解决的难题。文章从全球变化的角度 ,将沙漠系统视作一种类生命的非线性动力系统 ,指出沙漠化源于地球表层系统各圈层之间复杂的相关与耦合作用 :气候变化是控制沙漠进退的首要因素 ;陆表水持续亏损则是导致干旱、半干旱地区沙漠化发展的直接原因 ;岩石圈构造运动塑造了不同的地形地貌单元 ,奠定了沙漠分布的地理格局 ;人类的不当活动和气候变化引起的生物生产力的衰退及土地覆盖的破坏 ,造成了现代沙漠化的快速扩张。 相似文献
28.
贵州喀斯特地区生态环境恶化的人为因素分析 总被引:18,自引:2,他引:18
贵州是喀斯特强烈发育的省区。由于人类活动的影响,近年来贵州喀斯特地区的生态环境出现了日益恶化的趋势,严重影响可持续发展甚至西部大开发战略的顺利实施。本阐述了喀斯地区生态环境恶化的现状,深入探讨了人为因素对喀斯特地区生态环境恶化的影响,为防止喀斯特地区生态环境进一步恶化提供科学依据。 相似文献
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Natural Hazards - Strong earthquakes in the proximity of densely inhabited urban areas pose one ofthe most complicated disaster management situations faced by societies today. Herethe experience... 相似文献