离子水合力与电荷号大小的顾函数标度     

顾宏堪 《海洋与湖沼》1998,29(2):206-211

“水汽化学”这一门新科学已由顾宏堪实验室通过超痕量分析发现并创立。顾函数表明,水蒸发为水汽时携带的痕量金属离子的浓度,正相关于比电子亲和常数Iz／Z,负相关于离子体积V和配位数N。而这一键参数函数相当于量子力学Schrodinger方程中的电子位函数。同为正二价的不同离子,水一汽转移的浓度可以有较大的差异,表明不同的正二价离子与水的引力（水合力）有所不同,此差别可通过顾函数以相对能量值或“＋”号的大小标出。  相似文献   

陕北油田二开井段提下钻遇阻原因分析与对策     

王天宝  刘锋  陈亮  厉磊 《地质与勘探》1999,35(4):62-63

陕北油石二开井段遇阻的原因为泥岩的水化膨胀和孔隙性砂岩的泥饼沉积。对策主要有物理方法（如短程起下钻、加大排量等） 、化学方法（加入强抑制剂ＦＡ３６７、加入ＧＰＳ,提高泥饼质量） 等。  相似文献   

青海湖水中某些化学元素的停留时间   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

于昇松 《湖泊科学》1992,4(4):56-60

湖泊水中化学元素的停留时间(τ_l)是研究每种元素在湖泊水中的行为、迁移、相对活泼性和水下沉积矿物的一极好物理化学参数。对青海湖水及河水中13种化学元素的测定及对湖水中这些元素的停留时间研究结果表明:1.停留时间顺序:Cl>Na>K>B>Ni>Mg>Mn>Cr>Cu>Li>Al>Pb>Fe,且均小于它们在海洋水中的停留时间;2.湖水和海水中元素停留时间的对数值呈良好正相关;3.影响湖水中元素停留时间的主要因素为浓缩比(C_(浓缩比))和元素的水化能(L),并且,湖水中元素停留时间的对数值与浓缩比呈良好的正相关,与水化能呈良好的负相关。  相似文献   

Gu's function scale of ion hydration force and charge size     

顾宏堪 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1997,15(2):186-191

ImODUonON'WaterVaporChemistry"isanewsdricediscovetalandestablishedfromtraceanaly-sisinGu'slab0rat0ry(Gu,l99l;Guetal.,l99l).Gu'sFunCtionshowrthatthetracetalionconcentfutionCinwatervaporhaspositivecondationt0the,Spedcelamnadriityconstant"lastionhationpotentialIz/ionvalenceZandnegativecondationtotheionvolumeVandcoordinationnUInberN(Gu,l994).Gu'sFunCti0nC=f[(IzwrVMofthebondparameterinwatervaporcheInistrycomepondstothepotentinlenergyfunctfonZ'd/rintheSbodingerEquahonofquantumchemistry.…  相似文献   

Statistica6.0研究轻烧氧化镁水化动力学   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙永明 《化工矿产地质》2008,30(4)

以菱镁矿750℃下煅烧1.5h所得轻烧氧化镁为原料,研究了30、50、70℃下的水化曲线,利用Statistica6.0拟合研究得出水化活化能大约为60.7kJ/mol,属于化学反应控速,产物使用X射线衍射与扫描电镜进行表征。  相似文献   

Halogen contents of eclogite facies fluid inclusions and minerals: Caledonides,western Norway     

H. Svensen  B. Jamtveit  D. A. Banks  H. Austrheim 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2001,19(2):165-178

Primary multiphase brine fluid inclusions in omphacite and garnet from low‐ to medium‐temperature eclogites have been analysed for Cl, Br, I, F, Li and SO₄. Halogen contents and ratios provide information about trapped lower crustal fluids, even though the major element (Na, K, Ca) contents of inclusion fluids have been modified by fluid–mineral interactions and (step‐) daughter‐crystal formation after trapping. Halogens in the inclusion fluids were analysed with crush–leach techniques. Cl/Br and Cl/I mass ratios of eclogite fluids are in the range 31–395 and 5000–33 000, respectively. Most fluids have a Cl/Br ratio lower than modern seawater and a Cl/I ratio one order of magnitude lower than modern seawater. Fluids with the lowest Cl/Br and highest Cl/I ratios come from an eclogite that formed by hydration of granulite facies rocks, and may indicate that Br and I are fractionated into hydrous minerals. Reconstructions indicate that the inclusion fluids originally contained 500–4000 ppm Br, 1–14 ppm I and 33–438 ppm Li. Electron microprobe analyses of eclogite facies amphibole, biotite, phengite and apatite indicate that F and Cl fractionate most strongly between phengite (F/Cl mass ratio of 1469 ± 1048) and fluid (F/Cl mass ratio of 0.008), and the least between amphibole and fluid. The chemical evolution of Cl and Br in pore fluids during hydration reactions is in many ways analogous to Cl and Br in seawater during evaporation: the Cl/Br ratio remains constant until the a_H2O value is sufficiently lowered for Cl to be removed from solution by incorporation into hydrous minerals.  相似文献   

Fractionation of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes of gypsum hydration water and assessment of its geochemical indications     

H-B. Tan  J-Z. Huang  W-J. Zhang  X-Q. Liu  Y-F. Zhang  N. Kong 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(6):793-801

Fundamental knowledge of the isotopic fractionation between the hydration water and the mother solution and whether the primary information recorded in hydration water can be preserved or not in deposits or mines have long been unclear. In order to calculate the accurate hydrogen and oxygen isotopic fractionation factors between gypsum hydration water and its mother solution with new methods, to understand the mechanism of fractionation and synthetically assess the record-keeping abilities of the isotopic composition of hydration water during the process of diagenesis after deposition, experiments on the hydrogen and oxygen isotopic compositions of gypsum hydration water and its mother solution at different isothermal temperatures from 5 to 50°C were systematically conducted. In addition, samples from two typical gypsum deposits formed in different environmental conditions were also determined. Results show that during gypsum crystallisation, both hydrogen and oxygen isotopes show significant fractionation between the hydration water and the mother solution. The calculated hydrogen isotopic fractionation factors are <1, while the oxygen isotopic fractionation factors are >1 at temperatures from 5 to 50°C. The fractionation factors show no functional relationships with temperature. Isotopic compositions of gypsum hydration water in arid lake sediments can be used to trace the source of water and primary deposit environmental information. However, the isotopic composition of the gypsum hydration water can easily be altered by dissolution and secondary precipitation of gypsum during later diagenesis, particularly in areas with humid climate and abundant groundwater. A very careful assessment on record-keeping abilities of the primary isotopic composition of hydration water in gypsum during later diagenesis must be considered before application.  相似文献   

水合法测定活性MgO含量的试验条件研究   总被引：5，自引：4，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

董金美  余红发  张立明 《盐湖研究》2010,18(1):38-41

水合法是菱镁行业标准中规定的活性MgO含量测定方法,但标准水合法耗时较长,难以指导实际生产。采用正交试验方法全面系统地进行了水合法的试验条件研究,通过研究认识到影响活性MgO含量测定的因素及规律性,确定了测定活性MgO含量新的水合法操作条件。结果表明,新水合法与标准水合法的测试误差不超过±3%,满足标准试验方法的精度要求,为修订菱镁行业标准提供了重要依据。  相似文献   

青藏铁路涵洞现浇混凝土基础水化热的数值分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张学富  赖远明  喻文兵  张建明 《冰川冻土》2004,26(1):106-111

考虑相变和热量生成, 导出瞬态温度场问题的热量平衡控制微分方程, 并应用伽辽金法推导出了有限元计算公式. 计算了青藏铁路格尔木至拉萨段DK1258 240处正在修建的涵洞现浇混凝土基础水化热的影响, 结果证明, 现浇混凝土水化热在施工后半年内对涵洞周围的冻土的热状况影响较大, 施工后2 a时仍然还有影响. 为了减小这种影响, 计算了涵洞现浇混凝土基础下铺设厚度为10 cm的保温材料的冻土热状况, 材料分两种方式铺设: 一种铺设与涵洞基础等宽度; 一种铺设比涵洞基础宽度大5 cm. 比较证明: 在涵洞现浇混凝土基础下铺设保温材料可减少现浇混凝土水化热对冻土热状况的影响, 保温材料应按方式二铺设.  相似文献   

滨州黄河公路大桥承台大体积混凝土防裂技术探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙思波  刘同敬 《海岸工程》2004,23(4):50-54

介绍了滨州黄河公路大桥承台大体积混凝土防止温度裂缝的主要措施和过程,并对其效果进行简要评析。从大体积混凝土的性质和特点出发进行探讨和研究,以使所采取的措施行之有效和切合实际。  相似文献