Full‐scale experimental verification of resetable semi‐active stiffness dampers     

J. N. Yang  J. Bobrow  F. Jabbari  J. Leavitt  C. P. Cheng  P. Y. Lin 《地震工程与结构动力学》2007,36(9):1255-1273

Because of many advantages over other control systems, semi‐active control devices have received considerable attention for applications to civil infrastructures. A variety of different semi‐active control devices have been studied for applications to buildings and bridges subject to strong winds and earthquakes. Recently, a new semi‐active control device, referred to as the resetable semi‐active stiffness damper (RSASD), has been proposed and studied at the University of California, Irvine (UCI). It has been demonstrated by simulation results that such a RSASD is quite effective in protecting civil engineering structures against earthquakes, including detrimental near‐field earthquakes. In this paper, full‐scale hardware for RSASD is designed and manufactured using pressurized gas. Experimental tests on full‐scale RSASDs have been conducted to verify the hysteretic behaviours (energy dissipation characteristics) and the relation between the damper stiffness and the gas pressure. The correlation between the experimental results of the hysteresis loops of RASADs and that of the theoretical ones has been assessed qualitatively. Experimental results further show the linear relation between the gas pressure and the stiffness of the RSASD as theoretically predicted. Finally, shake table tests have also been conducted using an almost full‐scale 3‐storey steel frame model equipped with full‐scale RSASDs at the National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering (NCREE), Taipei, Taiwan, and the results are presented. Experimental results demonstrate the performance of RSASDs in reducing the responses of the large‐scale building model subject to several near‐field earthquakes. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

饱水裂隙岩石冻融变形特性研究     

贾蓬王晓帅王德超 《岩土力学》2023,(2):345-354

寒区岩体在裂隙水冻胀作用的影响下发生损伤劣化,严重威胁寒区工程建设安全。针对孔隙率不同的绿砂岩、红砂岩和花岗岩开展了饱水裂隙岩石的冻融循环试验,分析了不同裂隙长度、裂隙宽度和岩性的岩石在冻融循环过程中随时间和温度变化的变形规律,得到了饱水裂隙岩石冻融变形特征值的变化特征,探究裂隙长度、裂隙宽度及岩性对冻融应变特征值的影响,分析了裂隙岩石冻融变形特性和破坏机制。试验结果表明：（1）不同裂隙几何参数岩石冻融应变变化过程可分为7个阶段：冷缩阶段、冻胀阶段、冻胀趋稳阶段、热胀阶段、融缩阶段、融缩回弹阶段和融缩趋稳阶段;（2）饱水裂隙岩石冻融应变随温度变化的曲线为不能闭合的滞回环,出现“冻融滞回”现象,且随冻融次数增加,滞回环逐渐上移,残余应变逐渐增加;（3）饱水裂隙岩石冻融应变特征值包括最大应变、残余应变、冻胀幅值和融缩幅值,且应变特征值与裂隙长度、裂隙宽度和岩体岩性相关,裂隙岩石冻融破坏是残余应变逐渐累积的过程。  相似文献   

基于统计的边缘阈值检验方法     

王文庆  支华  付丽娟  龚俊 《测绘科学》2007,32(2):71-72

本文提出了建立在统计分析的基础上边缘阈值检验方法,每个像素的阈值由像素处的梯度矢量的统计特性决定,这些梯度矢量的统计量用来确定边缘像素选取是否合理,从所获得的结果来看,该方法与以往的边缘检测方法不仅是一致的;而且该方法输入参数值产生的结果比其他边缘检测方法更稳定。  相似文献   

A numerical model for nonlinear large deformation dynamic analysis of unsaturated porous media including hydraulic hysteresis     

《Computers and Geotechnics》2015

A numerical model based on the theory of mixtures is proposed for the nonlinear dynamic analysis of flow and deformation in unsaturated porous media. Starting from the conservation laws, the governing differential equations and the finite element incremental approximations suitable for nonlinear large deformation static and dynamic analyses are derived within the updated Lagrangian framework. The coupling between solid and fluid phases is enforced according to the effective stress principle taking suction dependency of the effective stress parameter into account. The effect of hydraulic hysteresis on the effective stress parameter and soil water characteristic curve is also taken into account. The application of the approach is demonstrated through numerical analyses of several fundamental nonlinear problems and the results are compared to the relevant analytical solutions. The effects of suction, large deformations and hydraulic hysteresis on static and dynamic response of unsaturated soils are particularly emphasized.  相似文献   

考虑桩土相互作用的高桩码头体系等效阻尼比及Pushover分析     

高树飞  贡金鑫  冯云芬 《海洋工程》2015,33(5):24-34

为考虑桩土相互作用的高桩码头体系等效阻尼比,将地震作用下高桩码头的滞回耗能定义为各桩塑性铰耗能和桩-土相互作用耗能之和,桩-土相互作用耗能根据p-y曲线和Masing准则定义的滞回环确定,码头结构的塑性铰总耗能为各桩塑性铰耗能的总和,按照正弦激励下一个振动循环内高桩码头体系与相应单自由度体系粘滞耗能相等的原则,推导得到了高桩码头体系等效阻尼比计算公式,并对两个高桩码头进行了Pushover分析。分析表明,土体耗能对高桩码头体系阻尼贡献较大,根据码头各桩塑性铰出现顺序和转动情况计算码头的等效阻尼比更符合实际情况。  相似文献   

L波段与59-701探空系统相对湿度对比分析   总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

姚雯  马颖  高丽娜 《应用气象学报》2017,28(2):218-226

通过统计全国探空系统早期换型时获取的59个高空站L波段雷达-GTS1型电子探空仪系统相对于59-701探空系统在1000 hPa到200 hPa之间各规定等压面相对湿度的差值,分析探空系统换型对于相对湿度一致性的影响。结果表明:GTS1型探空仪测得的相对湿度明显比59型探空仪低,且差值随高度增加而增大,近地层二者相对湿度差值低于5%,200 hPa高度二者差值达到20%以上;冬季两套探空系统相对湿度的差值明显大于夏季,且差值随高度分布情况不尽相同。分析表明:相对湿度差值的变化除了与探空仪施放过程中外界温度变化相关,还与湿度变化趋势和变化幅度密切相关,湿度传感器存在湿滞回线和滞后现象。分析还发现,太原无线电一厂与上海长望气象科技有限公司制造的59型探空仪的性能差异不明显,且GTS1型探空仪与59型探空仪的两种湿度传感器在白天受太阳辐射的残余影响差异也不明显。  相似文献   

Seismic design methodology for friction damped braced frames     

Robert Levy  Eduard Marianchik  Avigdor Rutenberg  Fred Segal 《地震工程与结构动力学》2000,29(11):1569-1585

This paper is concerned with the design of steel frames using friction damped slotted bolted connections (SBCs) in the diagonal braces. A dynamic model is developed to describe the behaviour of a single‐degree‐of‐freedom (SDOF) steel frame that uses bilinear hysteretic behaviour for the damper. This model is generalized to MDOF systems. A novel algorithm for displacement reversal in the transition from slip to stick is presented. It uses numerical noise for its success. A design procedure that attains the stiffness of the individual braces and their elongation at the threshold of activation is then applied to a 10‐storey steel frame. This design process is a two‐phase iterative procedure that converges quite fast. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Intra‐ and interannual export of nitrogen and phosphorus in the subtropical Richmond River catchment,Australia     

Lester McKee  Bradley Eyre  Shahadat Hossain 《水文研究》2000,14(10):1787-1809

Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations were measured and exports were calculated in the subtropical Richmond River catchment between July 1994 and June 1996. A stratified sampling approach was adopted owing to the extreme and rapid changes in riverine discharge, which varied by up to 10 000 times over the study period. Nutrient concentrations were lowest during baseflow. During storm discharge, dissolve inorganic and organic and particulate nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations increased two‐ to five fold, and followed hysteresis patterns that were attributed to the integration and/or depletion of catchment nutrient sources during an event. Dissolved organic nitrogen and particulate phosphorus were the dominant nutrient forms. Land use and antecedent conditions had a large influence on nutrient concentrations and exports. During the 1995–96 year (slightly above the mean annual discharge) 96% of nitrogen and 98% of phosphorus loads were transported in less than 6% of the time. When averaged across the catchment, monthly riverine nutrient loads varied by up to 1061‐fold during the study and exports were approximately four‐fold greater during the second year relative to the first. The subtropical Richmond River catchment has greater intra‐ and potential interannual variability in nutrient loads and exports when compared with temperate catchments from other parts of the world. It is suggested that in tropical and subtropical Australian catchments with large intra‐ and interannual variation in discharge, the need for parameterizing the antecedent conditions, such as the degree of nutrient storage, may make it difficult to model spatial and temporal (short time‐scale) nutrient exports. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

基于孔隙胀缩的土−水特征曲线滞后增量模型     

陈可  曹文贵  陈贺 《岩土力学》2020,41(10):3236-3244

土体孔隙比对土?水特征曲线（SWCC）具有重要影响。试验研究表明,土体在经历不同水力荷载路径后,孔隙发生胀缩致使SWCC产生滞后现象。基于这一发现,假设孔隙胀缩可致使SWCC曲线及扫描曲线产生滞后现象,并以轴平移技术为例解释了土体孔隙在水力载荷作用下胀缩的细观行为。在此基础上,将由变截面毛细管模型定义的孔隙等效半径与Fredlund-Xing方程相结合,通过将孔径控制参数?d简化为常量,推导得到了考虑孔隙胀缩并能反映滞后效应的非饱和土SWCC增量方程。该模型仅需通过主干燥及任意一条扫描曲线确定模型参数,即可预测其他扫描曲线。最后,通过5组试验数据验证了该模型对不同类型土的适用性且该模型具有预测高阶扫描曲线的能力。  相似文献   

Experimental investigation of damage behavior of RC frame members including non-seismically designed columns     

Linzhi Chen  Xilin Lu  Huanjun Jiang  Jianbo Zheng 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2009,8(2):301-311

Reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures are one of the mostly common used structural systems, and their seismic performance is largely determined by the performance of columns and beams. This paper describes horizontal cyclic loading tests often column and three beam specimens, some of which were designed according to the current seismic design code and others were designed according to the early non-seismic Chinese design code, aiming at reporting the behavior of the damaged or collapsed RC frame strctures observed during the Wenchuan earthquake. The effects of axial load ratio,shear span ratio, and transverse and longitudinal reinforcement ratio on hysteresis behavior, ductility and damage progress were incorporated in the experimental study. Test results indicate that the non-seismically designed columns show premature shear failure, and yield larger maximum residual crack widths and more concrete spalling than the seismically designed columns. In addition, longitudinal steel reinforcement rebars were severely buckled. The axial load ratio and shear span ratio proved to be the most important factors affecting the ductility, crack opening width and closing ability, while the longitudinal reinforcement ratio had only a minor effect on column ductility, but exhibited more influence on beam ductility. Finally, the transverse reinforcement ratio did not influence the maximum residual crack width and closing ability of the seismically designed columns.  相似文献