飞机积冰业务预报技术研究   总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

王洪芳  刘健文纪飞 董佩明 《气象科技》2003,31(3):140-146

分析研究了飞机积冰的物理过程和影响因子，试验对比积冰算法。采用MM5中尺度数值模式和预报产品，建立了飞机积冰预报模型，用历史飞机报告检验及业务运行验证，预报效果较好。  相似文献   

SBDART辐射传输模式及其在飞机潜在积冰区反演中的应用   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

王新炜白洁  刘健文李玮 《气象科技》2003,31(3):152-155146

SBDART(平面平行辐射传输模式)是近年来国际上比较流行的一种计算辐射传输的模式，该模式旨在解决在卫星遥感和大气辐射能量平衡研究中遇到的各种辐射传输问题。它是基于大量经过仔细筛选的物理模式而建立起来的辐射传输模式，并且在实践中发展完善。文章详细介绍了SBDART模式的功能和结构，并利用SBDART模式结合卫星资料反演出云的光学厚度、有效粒子半径及消光系数，实现了对飞机积冰区域的有效识别。  相似文献   

A theoretical spongy spray icing model with surficial structure   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

R. Z. Blackmore  E. P. Lozowski 《Atmospheric Research》1998,49(4):267-288

In an attempt to improve the predictive capability of atmospheric icing models, we have developed a theoretical model of spongy ice formation, including the surficial morphology under a falling supercooled liquid film. A steady-state model of freshwater spongy spray icing for a stationary vertical cylinder is presented. A falling film submodel accounts for the flow of excess liquid on the icing surface. Traditional heat and mass balance equations at the outer surface of the falling film are formulated, along with heat and mass balances for the falling film and for the dendritic freezing zone. The rate of advance of the icing interface is calculated by analogy with the rate of advance of freely-growing ice crystals in bulk supercooled liquid. This allows, for the first time, the prediction of ice accretion flux and accretion sponginess, for a specific icing configuration and environmental conditions. An analysis of the model's sensitivity to spray temperature reveals that spray supercooling enhances both the rate of accretion and its sponginess. A comparison of the model's performance with experiments shows rather good agreement, and suggests that further research into the nature of the icing surface and its effect on the accreted ice is warranted.  相似文献   

The Characteristics and Formation of A High-Arctic Proglacial Icing   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Richard Hodgkins  Martyn Tranter  Julian A. Dowdeswell 《Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography》2004,86(3):265-275

Well‐known from permafrost hydrology, icings (naled or Aufeis) are also frequently encountered at the margins of high‐latitude glaciers. The morphology of a proglacial icing at Scott Turnerbreen in the Norwegian Arctic archipelago of Svalbard is described, and the process of formation is considered in detail. Ground thermal‐regime modelling indicates an equilibrium permafrost depth of at least 200 m in the studied catchment, and it appears unlikely that groundwater contributes to icing formation. Meltwater flow through ice‐marginal drainage channels is accompanied by estimated heat fluxes of up to about 190 W m^?2, suggesting that stored meltwater may continue to percolate through thawed sub‐channel sediments when surface runoff is absent during winter. A hydraulic conductivity of 6.9 × 10^?3 m s^?1 is implied, which is consistent with other studies of glacier drainage systems. The long residence time of winter‐draining meltwater, and solute rejection by refreezing water, account for high observed concentrations of solute in interstitial water in the icing. It has often been asserted that the presence of a proglacial icing indicates that a glacier is polythermal. However, as Scott Turnerbeen is entirely non‐temperate, the presence of an icing cannot always be treated as a reliable guide to the thermal regime of a glacier.  相似文献   

LAKE-ICE BLISTERS, TERRA NOVA BAY AREA, NORTHERN VICTORIA LAND, ANTARCTICA     

BY MAURO GUGLIELMIN  ANTONI G. LEWKOWICZ  HUGH M. FRENCH  A. STRINI 《Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography》2009,91(2):99-111

Ice blisters, typically 0.2–0.8 m high and 5–20 m long, develop annually on perennially frozen lakes in Northern Victoria Land. They are believed to be caused by hydrostatic pressures generated through progressive freezing of solute-rich water beneath the lake-ice cover during winter. Lake-ice blisters in the study area differfrom icing blisters described from the northern hemisphere. The latter are caused by hydraulic pressures and are found at locations such as river beds or spring sites on sloping terrain. The Antarctic lake-ice blisters reflect the occurrence of dry-based perennially frozen lakes with high salt contents in an extremely cold and arid environment.  相似文献   

新疆地区飞机积冰的分析与预报     

黄海波 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2005,28(4):26-27

飞机积冰是一种能影响飞行安全的重要天气现象.文中分析了与飞机积冰有关的气象因子和天气形势,并提出了一些飞机积冰的预报方法.  相似文献   

风电场风机覆冰期预报方法     

许杨  陈正洪 《气象科技》2021,49(6):923-929

采用Makkonen结冰增长模型镶嵌冰表面辐射融化模型建立适用于风机覆冰的预报模型，基于WRF耦合CALMET综合模式预测结果和风机性能参数驱动模型，进行风机覆冰开始和结束时间的预报。以湖北通山九宫山风电场为研究对象，对2012年12月至2013年12月期间监测到19次风机覆冰进行分析，分别采用提前1 d、提前2 d、提前3 d三种预报方案开展覆冰起止时间的预报，发现该模型对风机覆冰具有一定的提前预警能力，且越临近覆冰发生时间，预报准确性越高。  相似文献   

江西省电线积冰特征及温度层结分析     

赵文灿  龙余良  阙志萍  肖雯 《气象科技》2018,46(1):178-181

利用1970—2010年江西省16个气象站电线积冰监测资料和对应时段周边探空数据,将江西省分为赣北、赣中、赣南,分区合成分析江西省电线积冰特征和温度层结特征,主要结论如下:(1)江西省电线积冰日数逐年减少,90年代以后维持较低水平;(2)全省以雨凇型积冰为主,且赣北、赣中发生较为频繁;(3)赣北雨凇过后容易出现雾凇现象,造成持续电线积冰;(4)赣北、赣中雨凇型积冰温度层结符合"3层模型",融化层平均温度为1.5℃,800~900hPa为较强逆温层;赣南则类似于"1层模型",温度层结存在变化,但整层维持在0℃以下。  相似文献   

湖北电线积冰统计分析及积冰逆温层结研究     

胡艳楠  牛生杰  吕晶晶  周悦 《气候与环境研究》2017,22(1):35-44

利用2009~2013年冬季华中电网电线覆冰在线观测系统对湖北省500 k V高压输电线路积冰状况进行实时观测获取的资料,结合MICAPS常规气象资料、探空数据及NCEP再分析资料,对湖北形成积冰的天气形势、积冰持续时间以及形成积冰的逆温层结进行研究。结果表明:积冰的高空环流形势主要是小槽发展型、横槽型和低槽东移型3类,分别占43.8%、31.2%、25%;电线积冰主要发生在每年的1月、2月、11月、12月,月平均积冰时数分别为65、42、11、9;积冰可分为降水型积冰和云雾型积冰,降水型积冰过程中,900~700 h Pa高度间存在由北至南风向切变,冷暖空气交汇形成愈加深厚的逆温对降水积冰维持与发展起到重要的作用。  相似文献   

导线积冰重量模拟方法探讨     

吴息  胡欣欣  陈百炼  孙朋杰  郭换换  田鹏举 《气象科技》2014,42(2):319-323

根据导线积冰的物理模型框架以及对导线积冰的主要影响气象因子相关分析,构造与导线积冰增长有关的水汽输送量指标,建立了导线积冰的预测模型;利用贵州省9个气象站1951—2010年的积冰观测资料和同期气象观测资料,采用非线性回归分析等方法,拟合了预测模型中效率因子系数的经验函数。建立的模型中各因子均为可预报气象要素,因而具有更好的预报可操作性,历史资料的拟合效果比较理想。  相似文献