基于稳态碎岩方式的PDC钻头设计分析研究     

汤凤林  沈中华  段隆臣  彭莉  柳少青  Чихоткин В.Ф. 《探矿工程》2018,45(1):73-78

自从20世纪80年代PDC复合片研发成功以来,PDC钻头由于其钻进性能强和耐磨性能好,在世界许多国家的石油钻井和地质勘探中得到了广泛应用,取得了很好的效果。但是,如何进一步提高其在钻探工程中的技术经济指标是一个很迫切的问题。俄罗斯博士Скоромных В. В.教授等对此进行多年研究,提出了稳态破碎岩石方式的思想,即在轴载和扭矩切力形成的合力R与切削面成垂直角度条件下,切入深度h不变时形成的一种碎岩方式。并在此基础上提出了一些设计PDC钻头方面的建议。  相似文献   

粉煤灰基地质聚合物水热原位转化NaP型沸石分子筛的研究     

仇秀梅  刘亚东  严春杰  董学林 《岩石矿物学杂志》2018,37(4):669-678

以固体废弃物粉煤灰基地质聚合物为基本骨架,通过水热合成法将其原位转化为自支撑Na P型沸石分子筛型体,并研究了水热过程中碱液浓度、碱液体积、水热温度和水热时间对NaP型沸石分子筛结晶程度、形貌和机械强度的影响,得到粉煤灰基地质聚合物原位转化Na P型沸石分子筛型体的适宜条件为水热温度100℃、NaOH浓度2.0mol/L、NaOH体积50 m L、水热时间24 h。所得Na P型沸石分子筛型体的抗压强度为23.21 MPa,BET比表面积为50.46 m~2/g,已达到工业生产P型沸石的水平。该法工艺简单,环境友好,可控成型。在此方法的基础上通过改变原料配比和反应条件,可以合成其他类型的沸石分子筛型体。  相似文献   

安徽省东源斑岩型钨矿床白钨矿原位微量元素特征及其指示意义   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

聂利青  周涛发  汪方跃  张达玉  陈雪锋  肖庆玲  李旋旋  位欧详 《矿床地质》2018,37(6):1237-1246

新兴的白钨矿面扫描技术对于解释矿物微量元素特征具有重要的指示意义。文章选择皖南地区东源斑岩型钨矿床中白钨矿为研究对象,利用面扫描和阴极发光图像技术对矿物微区结构和原位微量元素特征进行系统研究。分析结果显示,白钨矿具有核边结构且微量元素特征具有明显的分带性,同一白钨矿颗粒核部亏损Mo、Nb、Ta元素,富集REEs,而边部相反。在此基础上,文章通过系统的白钨矿单点微量元素分析,反演了成矿流体性质和演化过程,提出东源钨矿床成矿流体氧逸度逐渐增高,成矿流体富集F挥发分且F含量逐渐增加,成矿物质很可能有幔源组分加入。通过白钨矿面扫描和阴极发光图像查明矿物微区结构,进而开展了白钨矿微区微量元素单点分析,有可能对成矿流体和矿质来源作出合理的解释。  相似文献   

Quantifying land use/land cover spatio-temporal landscape pattern dynamics from Hyperion using SVMs classifier and FRAGSTATS®     

Salim Lamine  Sudhir Kumar Singh  Szilárd Szabó  Nour El Islam Bachari  Prashant K. Srivastava 《国际地球制图》2018,33(8):862-878

This study aims to quantify the landscape spatio-temporal dynamics including Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) changes occurred in a typical Mediterranean ecosystem of high ecological and cultural significance in central Greece covering a period of 9 years (2001–2009). Herein, we examined the synergistic operation among Hyperion hyperspectral satellite imagery with Support Vector Machines, the FRAGSTATS^® landscape spatial analysis programme and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for this purpose. The change analysis showed that notable changes reported in the experimental region during the studied period, particularly for certain LULC classes. The analysis of accuracy indices suggested that all the three classification techniques are performing satisfactorily with overall accuracy of 86.62, 91.67 and 89.26% in years 2001, 2004 and 2009, respectively. Results evidenced the requirement for taking measures to conserve this forest-dominated natural ecosystem from human-induced pressures and/or natural hazards occurred in the area. To our knowledge, this is the first study of its kind, demonstrating the Hyperion capability in quantifying LULC changes with landscape metrics using FRAGSTATS^® programme and PCA for understanding the land surface fragmentation characteristics and their changes. The suggested approach is robust and flexible enough to be expanded further to other regions. Findings of this research can be of special importance in the context of the launch of spaceborne hyperspectral sensors that are already planned to be placed in orbit as the NASA’s HyspIRI sensor and EnMAP.  相似文献   

滑坡碎屑化运动物理模型相似材料特性研究          下载免费PDF全文

任占强  宋章  林棋文  程谦恭  刘毅  邓凯丰  蒙浩  涂津 《水文地质工程地质》2021,48(2):132-142

高速远程滑坡物理模型试验中,岩石相似材料的选择是模型试验成功的关键,然而目前滑坡相似材料强度高、难以在缩尺试验中模拟滑坡破碎过程。以重晶石、石英砂为骨料,石膏为胶结剂,羧甲基纤维素钠、甘油、水作为辅助材料,进行可破碎岩石相似材料的配比试验。采用控制变量法研究重晶石与石英砂比例（重石比）、骨料与胶结物比例（骨胶比）、羧甲基纤维素钠含量、拌合水量、甘油含量对相似材料物理力学性质的影响。试验结果表明:所有配比情况下各相似材料物理力学参数的范围分别为单轴抗压强度为0.12～1.47 MPa,弹性模量为25.51～148.12 MPa,黏聚力为1.63～87.39 kPa,内摩擦角为22.70°～35.89°,脆性指标主要分布在0.033～0.145之间;重石比主要控制岩石相似材料的内摩擦角;骨胶比减小,对应的黏聚力和内摩擦角先增大后减小;羧甲基纤维素钠对材料的单轴抗压强度、弹性模量、黏聚力等材料的力学特性以及材料的脆性指标影响均比较大,其中对单轴抗压强度的影响最大。因此,控制羧甲基纤维素钠和拌合水量的含量,并合理调节重石比与骨胶比,在相似比约为1∶600的试验尺度下,最终确定了适用于高速远程滑坡碎屑化过程模拟的低强度高脆性岩石相似材料的配比区间。  相似文献   

Fracture Characteristics and Heat Accumulation of Jixianian Carbonate Reservoirs in the Rongcheng Geothermal Field, Xiong’an New Area     

WANG Yingjin  MA Feng  XIE Heping  WANG Guiling  WANG Zhihe 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(6):1902-1914

Geothermal energy plays an important role in urban construction of the Xiong’an New Area. Geothermal reservoir fracture distribution of the Mesoproterozoic Jixianian Wumishan Formation (Fm.) carbonate reservoir in the Rongcheng geothermal field are evaluated based on FMI log from Wells D19 and D21. The results show carbonate reservoir fracture density of Well D19 is 15.2/100 m, greater than that of Well D21 with a value of 9.2/100 m. Reservoir porosity and permeability of Well D19 are better than that of Well D21, and the water saturation is bimodally distributed. The movable fluid volume ratio (BVM) of Well D19 is 2% to 8% with some zones exceeding 20%, while the value of Well D21 is less than 4%. Therefore, reservoir fractures in Well D19 are more conducive to fluid flow. Reservoir fractures have a similar occurrence to normal faults, indicating that the tensile stress field controlled the formation of such fractures. Developed reservoir fractures provide a good channel for groundwater convection. The circulation of regional groundwater and the heat exchange between water and rock and the multiple heat accumulation patterns form a stable and high potential heat reservoir in the Rongcheng geothermal field.  相似文献   

Estimating the crush zone size under a cutting tool in coal     

R. K. Zipf Jr.  Z. T. Bieniawski 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1988,6(4):279-295

Summary As part of an effort to understand the mechanics of fine fragment formation in coal, which is important in studies of respirable dust due to mining, fracture toughness measurements and the strain energy density (SED) theory were applied to calculate the crush zone size under a cutting tool in coal. This zone is the major source of fine fragments in the 1 to 10 µm size range. The model used in these calculations is a boundary element program containing a failure criterion based on the SED theory. The boundary element program calculates linear elastic stresses at numerous points in the coal material ahead of a cutting bit. These stresses are then input to a subroutine called critical flaw length and orientation (CFLO) which uses the SED theory to determine the CFLO for a small crack at the boundary element stress computation point. The extent of crushing is based on earlier postulates about the role of inherent flaws in a fragmentation process. To form 1 to 10 µm fragments requires firstly a local stress strong enough to activate flaws with a characteristic length less than 1 to 10 µm and secondly, a flaw density sufficient to provide an average spacing between flaws also on the order of 1 to 10 µm. The locus of active 10 µm flaws represents the maximum possible extent of fine fragmentation in the 10 µm or less size range assuming that a sufficient inherent flaw density exists. The approach offers a first order approximation to the extent of crushing under a tool tip. The size and shape of the crush zone volume is affected by the attack angle and geometry of the tool.  相似文献   

Influence of natural blocks on rock fragmentation by blasting     

G. R. Adhikari  R. N. Gupta 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1989,7(4):333-340

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南阳膨胀土抗剪强度的现场剪切试验研究     

黄志全  闫文杰  王玲玲  姜彤 《水文地质工程地质》2005,32(5):64-68

膨胀土的抗剪强度是膨胀土地区路基、边坡设计的重要依据,其参数选取一直是膨胀土研究领域的重要课题。结合南阳地区膨胀土的抗剪强度研究,对其现场剪切试验的试样制备及试验方法进行探讨,提出了膨胀土抗剪强度的修改计算公式。通过反算证明,文中的现场剪切试验方法及抗剪强度的计算公式是合理的。  相似文献   

热机碎岩钻进工艺中钻进规程参数的理论分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

赵建康  孙友宏等 《地质与勘探》2001,37(2):94-96

通过建立数学模型，对热机钻进中钻进规程参数与机械钻速的变化规律进行了理论分析，并推导出了它们之间相互影响的关系式，对热机钻进中最优规程参数的确定具有重要指导意义。  相似文献