半无限含水层中带衬砌隧洞渗流解析研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

童磊  谢康和  卢萌盟  王坤 《岩土力学》2011,32(1):304-308

现有关于半无限含水层中隧洞渗流的解析解不能考虑衬砌部分排水的特性。假定土体和衬砌均为饱和均匀连续介质,采用土体与衬砌分算;利用复变函数解决孔口问题基本方法,对土体采用共形映射坐标变换,将土体中的渗流方程转换为与衬砌部分类似的二维Laplace方程圆环域的Dirichlet问题;通过Fourier解法,根据边界条件并利用流量连续条件,求得半无限空间中带衬砌隧洞渗流量和衬砌周边水头解析解答。分析了径深比、土体与衬砌渗透系数相对值、内壁水压力等因素对渗流量和衬砌周边水头的影响,并与数值算例进行了比较。结果表明,对浅埋隧洞该解析解仍具有较好的精度,是简便、实用的计算方法。  相似文献   

VisualModflow模型在白涧铁矿区矿井涌水量预测中的应用   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

冯更辰  郝俊杰  谭俊  徐素娟 《中国岩溶》2011,30(3):271-277

在分析确定白涧矿区水文地质边界条件的基础上,运用实测资料对Visu-almodflow模型进行识别和验证,同时修正了含水层的参数,修正后的模型较为可靠,可用于白涧矿区涌水量的预测。依据矿区奥灰含水层边界条件和渗透系数的不同,设计了-200m和-400m水平面不同边界及渗透系数三个方案对矿井的涌水量进行预测。结果表明:方案2的涌水量比较合理,能较真实的反映白涧铁矿矿体分布区水位疏降至-400m时的涌水量情况,预测其涌水量为7505m3/h。   相似文献   

藏嵩草高寒湿地中孢粉记录的古植被与古环境状况     

刘德梅  杨倩  陈志国  曾方明  魏海成 《冰川冻土》2016,38(2):539-548

高寒沼泽湿地是青藏高原重要的水源涵养地,其沉积物是研究过去环境变化的重要载体.在三江源区果洛州（GLS）和青海湖北岸（QHHS）选取典型高寒沼泽湿地作为研究样地,调查其植被群落特征,并根据湿地沉积剖面的光释光年代和孢粉数据,分析湿地的古植被和古环境状况.结果表明：优势种（藏嵩草）在三江源区湿地群落和青海湖流域湿地群落中所占的优势度分别是24.43和14.74;从土壤孢粉信息表现出两个沼泽湿地自发育以来植被优势种以莎草科为主. GLS剖面显示,0～50 cm深和80～140 cm深的孢粉浓度显著高于50～80 cm深处的浓度;20 cm以下的沉积物中,花粉浓度与有机质含量呈正相关趋势,与δ13C呈负相关趋势.高寒沼泽湿地中,孢粉数据能较好地反映植物群落中莎草科的优势地位,与现生植物群落具有较好的一致性.  相似文献   

对江苏沛县新庄铁矿区富水性规律的初步认识   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

景佳俊  陶文杰  管祯 《中国地质调查》2016,3(6):68-74

江苏沛县新庄铁矿属于典型的矽卡岩类接触交代型铁矿,矿区主要富水含水层为奥陶系灰岩。分析了该矿区地下水补径排条件、矿区含水层特征及断层富水性特征,初步总结了该矿区富水性规律。认为矿坑涌水主要受上覆灰岩控制,其次受构造断层控制; 断层的涌水量受裂隙充填影响变化较大,增加了突水、透水的风险性,将直接威胁矿山的生产安全。总结该矿区富水性规律,可为国内相同类型矿山的前期勘查及后期矿床开采提供参考。  相似文献   

基于多元Copula函数的引滦水库径流丰枯补偿特性研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

牛军宜  冯平  丁志宏 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2009,39(6)

研究引滦水库的天然来水系列之间的丰枯补偿特性,以期优化滦河中下游水库群联合供水的调度及合理配置该区域水资源.通过运用三元Copula联结函数构造了潘家口水库、陡河水库和于桥水库年入库天然径流系列的三维联合分布,然后利用此联合分布计算了这3个水库年天然来水量丰枯遭遇的概率.结果表明,3个水库径流系列的丰枯同步概率高达46.96%,潘家口水库对陡河水库和于桥水库不具补偿能力的概率为30.2%;为保证天津、唐山等地的供水安全,必须加强引滦水库群的优化调度,充分发挥各个引滦水库的调蓄功能,以降低不利丰枯遭遇带来的影响.  相似文献   

玛曲格尔珂金矿矿区水文地质特征及涌水量预测          下载免费PDF全文

张卫雄  王有权  张惠清  李安民 《甘肃地质》2009,(3):61-66

格尔珂金矿在地下开采过程中已出现了矿坑涌水现象,从而严重威胁采矿职工生命安全,影响矿山的正常生产。本文通过对矿区水文地质特征的研究、矿床充水因素的分析及矿坑涌水量的预测,为矿山治水及矿区井巷的开拓布局提供依据。  相似文献   

D) UNITED Nations     

PETER HUTCHINSON 《水文科学杂志》2013,58(1):101-103

Synopsis

In areas of accentuated relief, some of the basic assumptions made in the use of standard methods of assessing areal mean rainfall are often untenable. It is shown in this paper, that, not only does topography affect the actual rainfall distribution, but that the areal variability, measured as the correlation between any two points, is also dependent on the relief. Two methods are used to show this. Once method compares the areal variability of a flat area to one of accentuated relief, while the second method relates areal variability to topographic factors using a multiple regression technique.

The conclusions reached are then used for three purposed. The first is to develop a method of ascribing objectively areas or points to a particular raingauge, taking into account the nature of the terrain. The second is to establish a procedure for estimating the rainfall at ungauged points, by taking into account the rainfall at a selected nearby rainguage and the topographic situation of the points, and the third purpose is to provide means of establishing a correction factor to be applied to a raingauge reading in order that the reading may more accurately represent the area ascribed to it.  相似文献   

Assessment of sediment transport approaches for sand-bed rivers by means of machine learning     

Vasileios Kitsikoudis  Epaminondas Sidiropoulos  Vlassios Hrissanthou 《水文科学杂志》2013,58(9):1566-1586

Abstract

The quantification of the sediment carrying capacity of a river is a difficult task that has received much attention. For sand-bed rivers especially, several sediment transport functions have appeared in the literature based on various concepts and approaches; however, since they present a significant discrepancy in their results, none of them has become universally accepted. This paper employs three machine learning techniques, namely artificial neural networks, symbolic regression based on genetic programming and an adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system, for the derivation of sediment transport formulae for sand-bed rivers from field and laboratory flume data. For the determination of the input parameters, some of the most prominent fundamental approaches that govern the phenomenon, such as shear stress, stream power and unit stream power, are utilized and a comparison of their efficacy is provided. The results obtained from the machine learning techniques are superior to those of the commonly-used sediment transport formulae and it is shown that each of the input combinations tested has its own merit, as they produce similarly good results with respect to the data-driven technique employed.