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11.
During the Austral summer of 1996/1997, the First Chinese Antarctic Inland Expedition reached the inland area about 330 km along the direction around 76°E from Zhongshan Station, and collected 84 surface snow samples at an interval of 4 kin. Micro-particle analysis of the samples indicates that the micro-particle concentration apparently decreases with the increasing of altitude, and the amplitudes of micro-particle concentration is much larger in the lower altitude than in the higher altitude. Further analysis of grain-size distributions of micro-particle, percentage of micro-particles from different sources and variations with altitude suggest that microparticles in this area are from a considerably dominant source. Although this area is controlled by polar easterly wind and katabatic wind, transportation and deposition of the micro-particles are mainly influenced by marine transportation in coastal area. 相似文献
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文章对一支长22. 4m的慕士塔格冰芯上部12. 5m的分析结果表明, 细菌菌群分布与尘埃含量具有密切的 对应关系, 初步揭示了大气环流的生物输送作用和微生物对局地环境变化的响应特征。研究表明, 冰芯中可培养 的细菌数量与细菌菌群生物量分布趋势一致, 在一定的深度范围内均表现出剧增或剧减的变化形式, 呈现出不均 一的“层状分布”特征。冰芯中发现的优势细菌类群随深度的变化也表现出明显的“层状分布”特征。与不溶矿物 微粒数量浓度的比较研究表明, 细菌生物量的波动与微粒数量浓度具有很好的对应关系。该项研究揭示了气候环 境变化对冰芯细菌菌群数量及其多样性分布的重要影响。 相似文献
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2008年10月和2009年10月在祁连山老虎沟12号冰川积累区采集了2个雪坑样品, 通过样品中δ18O、可溶性离子、不溶性微粒的变化特点划分了雪坑季节. 2008年雪坑季节变化信号明显, 而2009年雪坑不明显, 微粒浓度、Ca2+与Mg2+含量在春季较高. 离子平衡、pH值、电导率及同期气象记录观测资料均显示, 2009年雪坑受淋溶影响较大. 淋溶强烈时, 受融水造成的粉尘溶解及离子淋溶的影响, 雪坑中微粒与Ca2+、Mg2+变化趋势不甚一致; 与Ca2+相比, Mg2+变化能够较好表征微粒的变化; d>5 μm的微粒可能更易于溶解迁移. 通过分析室内雪冰样品在液态下的变化, 发现伴随静置过程微粒的质量浓度呈下降的趋势, 期间Ca2+、Mg2+却呈现增加的变化, 可能与碳酸盐矿物的溶解有关. 相似文献
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沙尘源区与沉降区气溶胶粒子的理化特征 总被引：8，自引：6，他引：2
在沙尘源区 ,大气气溶胶粒子主要是地面沙尘来源 ,沙尘暴发生时气溶胶粒子的浓度大增 ,浓度峰值向粗粒径范围移动 ;在沙尘沉降区日本 ,当浮尘期时气溶胶粒子有地面沙尘和工业排放物两个来源 ,形成双峰型分布 ,当非浮尘期时气溶胶粒子主要以工业排放来源为主 ,在 <2 .1um细粒径范围形成一个峰值。水溶性成分也不相同 ,沙尘源区粒子以Ca2 +、SO42 -、Na+、Cl-等沙尘来源离子为主 ,在 3.3～ 4 .7um形成浓度峰值 ;沙尘沉降区以NH4+、SO42 -、NO3 -等工业来源离子为主 ,在 0 .6 5～ 1.0 1um形成峰值。在日本即使是当浮尘时期 ,大气中的气溶胶粒子浓度也远远比不上沙尘源区沙尘暴发生时的大气气溶胶浓度。这说明能够到达日本沉降区的气溶胶粒子只是沙尘源区大气气溶胶中的很少一部分 相似文献
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The rainwater composition in the vicinity of Mainz, FRG, has been investigated with special emphasis on insoluble constituents. The number size distribution was determined in the range from 0.1 m up to 100 m radius. For particles with r>0.5 m radius the shape of the size distribution of insoluble particles in rain follows the shape of the average urban and rural aerosol. In this particular size range no major size selective removal processes could be seen. For r<0.5 m the number size distribution tends to flatten compared to the average aerosol. This might be the indication of a size selective removal process (Greenfield Gap). 相似文献
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New type of potassium deposit: Modal analysis and preparation of potassium carbonate 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
MA Hongwen FENG Wuwei MIAO Shiding WANG Yingbin & TIAN Shuxin . National Laboratory of Mineral Materials China University of Geosciences Beijing China .Tianjin Bureau of Geological Survey Tianjin China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(11):1932-1941
A new type of insoluble potassium ore, newly found in North China, consists of microcline, dolomite, and pyroclastic particles of silty to clayey grade, falling into potassic dolomitic mudstone in petrological no-menclature. The geological surveys and explorations of the deposit by the Tianjin Bureau of Geological Survey evidenced that the main bodies of the potas-sium deposit elongated up to 1600 m with an average thickness about 85 m, and the concentration of potas-sium as K2O was around 1… 相似文献
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JianZhong Xu ShiChang Kang ShuGui Hou QiangGong Zhang Jie Huang CunDe Xiao JiaWen Ren DaHe Qin 《寒旱区科学》2016,8(1):9-21
From 2008 to 2010,a total of 15 snow pit samples were collected from 13 mountain glaciers in western China.In this study these samples are used to determine the spatial distribution of insoluble particle concentrations and dust deposition fluxes in western China.The results show that the mass concentrations of insoluble particles exhibit high spatial variation and strongly decrease(by a factor of approximately 50) from the north(Tienshan Mountains) to the south(Himalayas).However,the insoluble particles concentrations at the southeastern Tibetan Plateau(TP) sites are also high and approximately 30 times greater than those in the Himalayas.The spatial distribution of the dust flux is similar to that of the mass concentrations;however,the high dust deposition rate in the southeastern TP is very significant as a result of the extensive snow accumulation(precipitation) in this region.The average sizes of the insoluble particles at each site generally exhibit bimodal distributions with peaks at approximately 5 μm and 10 μm,which can be explained as resulting from dust emissions from regional and local sources,respectively.The enrichment factors for most of the elements measured in insoluble particles are less than 10 at all of the study sites,indicating primarily crustal sources.However,the sites located in the peripheral mountains of western China,such as the Tienshan Mountains and the Himalayas,are characterized by high levels of certain enrichment elements(e.g.,Cu,Zn,Cr,and V) indicative of sources related to the long-range transport of pollutants. 相似文献
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Among methods for determining the abundance of carbonate minerals in solid samples, dissolution in acid is appealing because it is cheap and can be quick, but it suffers from several sources of uncertainty. The weight loss due to evaporation of water can be corrected for easily by measuring the weight loss from blank vessels as well as sample vessels. However, a further correction, for excess evaporation due to heat liberated by dissolution, is desirable; we show how to calculate it. Certain puzzling results point to a need for further investigation of interfering factors. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Organic thermometry for chondritic parent bodies 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
G.D. Cody C.M.O'D. Alexander H. Yabuta A.L.D. Kilcoyne T. Araki H. Ade P. Dera M. Fogel B. Militzer B.O. Mysen 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2008,272(1-2):446-455
A unique spectroscopic feature has been identified in a study of twenty-five different samples of meteoritic insoluble organic matter (IOM) spanning multiple chemical classes, groups, and petrologic types, using carbon X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) spectroscopy. The intensity of this feature, a 1s − σ exciton, appears to provide a precise measure of parent body metamorphism. The intensity of this exciton is also shown to correlate well with a large negative paramagnetic shift observed through solid state 13C NMR. Experiments reveal that upon heating primitive IOM is transformed into material that is indistinguishable from that in thermally processed chondrites, including the development of the 1s − σ exciton. A thermo-kinetic expression is derived from the experimental data that allows the intensity of the 1s − σ exciton to be used to estimated the effective temperature integrated over time. A good correlation is observed between the intensity of the 1s − σ exciton and previously published microRaman spectral data. These data provide a self-consistent organic derived temperature scale for the purpose of calibrating Raman based thermometric expressions. 相似文献