西藏羌塘地区第三系火山岩及与羌塘盆地含油性关系的研究          下载免费PDF全文

王方正  赖旭龙  郭铁鹰  王家生 《地球科学》1997,6(3)

西藏羌塘地区火山岩主要见于第三系石坪顶组，主要岩石类型是呈熔岩被产出的火山熔岩，包括辉石粗安岩、角闪粗面岩、角闪英安岩、黑云母英安岩等，其次可见次火山岩相的黑云母英安质碎斑熔岩和黑云母粗面质碎斑熔岩，以及辉石黑云母花斑岩．它们均为陆相中心式喷发的产物．岩石化学上属钾玄岩组合，可进一步分为钾玄岩系列和高硅钾玄岩系列，具非常典型的二元岩浆混合成因火山岩的岩石化学特征．其ＲＥＥ及微量元素特点表明二元岩浆混合前两个端元岩浆分别来自幔源和壳源．这些火山岩岩浆热事件对盆地有机烃类转化为石油和天然气是有利的，而破坏作用仅仅发生在火山机构附近  相似文献   

内蒙古东升庙矿区狼山群中变质"双峰式”火山岩夹层的确认及其意义   总被引：14，自引：2，他引：14       下载免费PDF全文

彭润民  翟裕生 《地球科学》1997,6(6)

东升庙矿床狼山群二组含矿地层中石英钠长浅（变）粒岩类（Ⅰ类，ｗ（ＳｉＯ２）＝７０．４７％～７３．０２％）、黑云钠—更长片岩类（Ⅱ１类，ｗ（ＳｉＯ２）＝５２．００％～５４．４３％）和钠—更长绿泥（角闪）片岩类（Ⅱ２类，ｗ（ＳｉＯ２）＝４７．４４％～４８．８６％）具如下特征：（１）稳定呈层产出，并与上、下相邻地层一道褶皱、变形；（２）含有变余斑晶和晶屑；（３）轻稀土元素富集，重稀土元素亏损；（４）多种岩石化学图解一致表明它们是正变质岩；（５）Ⅰ类与Ⅱ１类呈上、下层关系连续产出等特征，确认它们都是变质火山岩夹层，并具有“双峰式”组合．研究表明本矿床形成于元古宙大陆边缘的裂谷盆地．  相似文献   

节理围岩特性及其锚固效应模型试验研究     

任伟中 《地球科学》1997,22(6):660-664

通过堆砌尺寸为１８０ｃｍ×１４０ｃｍ×１５ｃｍ的大比尺结构模型，依据两组正交节理的不同倾角和间距、地应力及洞周有无锚杆等不同组合的１６种工况进行地下洞室分步开挖模型试验，研究节理对洞室围岩变形破坏的影响及锚杆对节理围岩的锚固效应．试验首次应用ＣＣＤ画像处理法和光学照相法进行位移观测．结果表明，岩体的变形大部分是由节理变形引起的，围岩塌落区完全由开挖自由面与节理的不利组合所控制，围岩变形主要由洞室尺寸、节理倾角及间距、地应力等决定．锚杆能大幅度减少围岩的变形破坏，垂向位移减少更甚，预应力锚杆使围岩变形进一步减小．  相似文献   

灵武煤田延安组不同沉积相源岩的生烃潜力     

初志民  张爱云 《煤田地质与勘探》1997,25(2):25-27

为研究不同沉积相源岩的生烃能力，选择宁夏灵武煤田延安组的对象，对其湖泊三角洲沉积体系下不同沉积相源岩进行热解分析，划分其生油岩类型或有机质类型，分析了不同沉积相源岩的生烃潜力。  相似文献   

Geochemistry of Archaean volcanic rocks from Iron Ore Supergroup, Singhbhum, eastern India     

S. Sengupta  S. K. Acharyya  J. B. DeSmeth 《Journal of Earth System Science》1997,106(4):327-342

Mafic-ultramafic rocks of Archaean age constitute a significant component of the Eastern Indian Craton. These occur in two different modes. In the eastern belt these occur as a long, linear enclave within the Singhbhum granite and the primary banding in them is subvertical. In the more extensive western belt along the periphery of the Singhbhum granite, the disposition of the primary banding is subhorizontal. The major rock type in both the belts is meta-basalt with minor peridotitic komatiite and basaltic komatiite occurring in the eastern belt. Rare ultramafic rocks with cumulate textures are present in both the belts. The larger volume of the basaltic rocks preclude the possibility of their being derived by fractional crystallization of the high-MgO components. On the basis of trace element and REE characters the rocks may be classified into three groups. One of the groups shows a tholeiitic trend and include samples mostly from the eastern belt while the second consisting mostly of samples from the western belt shows a calc-alkaline trend. The third group includes samples having elemental ratios intermediate between these two groups. Zr/Nb ratios for the tholeiitic and calc-alkaline samples are different suggesting their sources to be different. The tholeiitic samples have been generated from a source having chondritic REE characters, while the calc-alkaline samples have been generated from a source with LREE enriched character. The high-MgO components in both the groups are suggested to represent high degrees of melting compared to the basalts in each group. It is further suggested that the tholeiitic basalts have been generated relatively early from a chondritic source. Down-buckling of this material has added LREE enriched melts to the source, thereby changing its character into a LREE enriched one. Melting of a source with such changed character has subsequently produced the calc-alkaline melts. Rocks with variable but intermediate characters between these two groups have been generated as a result of contamination between these two groups.  相似文献   

冀东迁安迁西群含铁变质岩系中的辉石及其与铁矿的成因联系     

李凤月  宋复梅 《岩石矿物学杂志》1992,(1)

本文对冀东迁安麻粒岩及有关岩石中的辉石进行了研究,结果表明:辉石的含铁度明显受寄主岩石化学成分的制约,寄主岩石的〈FeO〉/MgO和〈FeO〉=(Fe_2O_3×0.8999+FeO)值愈高,辉石的含铁度也愈高;共存辉石对的Fe~(2+)—Mg分配系数(K_D)不仅受结晶温压条件控制,同时也受辉石其它成分的影响。但Ca—Mg—Fe三角图解等资料研究表明:共存的二辉石对是平衡结晶的产物,其K_D平均值也符合张儒媛等统计的变质辉石平均值为1.85的规律。通过二辉石温度计计算和矿物共主组合等资料的分析,得出辉石形成的温度为869±60℃、压力为5×10~8—9×10~8Pa。本区与铁矿体成过渡关系的辉石岩全铁含量与工业铁矿大致相等,铁矿的成因与其有着非常密切的关系。  相似文献   

前寒武纪沉积岩地球化学特征及其对地壳演化的指示意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨忠芳  徐景奎  施俊法 《地质科技情报》1992,(3)

本文介绍了运用前寒武纪沉积岩地球化学特征推断地球早期地壳的组成、增生历史及太古—元古宙界面构造性质突变问题,这已成为国际前寒武纪地质研究的前沿课题,并已相继在世界典型的前寒武纪低级区及部分高级区开展了这一方面的研究工作,取得了一系列重要进展。  相似文献   

Origin and occurrence of 25-norhopanes: a statistical study   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ph. Blanc  J. Connan 《Organic Geochemistry》1992,18(6)

The alkane fraction of more than 200 rocks, biodegraded oils and non-biodegraded oils, have been analysed by means of computerized GC-MS, in order to investigate the effect of natural biodegradation on the occurrence of “demethylated hopanes”, i.e. 17α-25-norhopanes. The results obtained indicate that 25-norhopanes are preexisting biomarkers the concentration of which is enhanced by selective biodegradation of more readily degradable homologs, i.e. regular hopanes, rather than by demethylation of hopanes in reservoirs. However, the use of 25-norhopane enrichment as a palaebiodegradation indicator in apparently non-biodegraded oils is still valuable providing the initial background content in the corresponding source rocks is known. Furthermore, 25-norhopanes appear to be diagnostic of specific environmental conditions (marine and lacustrine source rocks, dysoxic and not very hypersaline). Lastly, one other (novel) bacterially resistant rearranged hopanoic compound, namely a C₂₉ neohopane, is applicable for both biodegradation and maturation evaluation.  相似文献   

基性、超基性岩及矿产研究概述 庆祝地矿部西安地质矿产研究所建所30周年     

李行 《西北地质科学》1992,(2)

主要介绍我所30年来,在基性、超基性岩及有关矿产研究方面的基本概况、取得的进展及今后一些展望。其中所列进展主要包括:岩浆矿床学、岩石及成因学、岩浆建造学及矿床评价和预测等四个方面的研究。  相似文献   

Mechanical behaviour of deep rock core samples from a seismically active gas field     

D. Fabre  J. -R. Grasso  Y. Orengo 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1991,137(3):201-219

This study concerns the laboratory testing of core samples from massive sedimentary rocks from an oil and gas field. The depth of extraction of the samples analysed varies between 1000 and 5000 metres. In all, 65 tests were performed, most of which included systematic measurement of acoustic activity during loading. The aim of the testing was to determine which types of fracture could occur in the rock matrix under field-stress conditions by examining in particular the relationship between confining pressure and the transition from brittle to ductile behaviour. The results of the laboratory tests are used to predict the occurrence of seismic activity resulting from the depletion of the gas reservoir which has been monitored during the last twenty years.  相似文献