Distribution and mass inventory of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the sediments of the south Bohai Sea, China   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Qin Y  Zheng B  Lei K  Lin T  Hu L  Guo Z 《Marine pollution bulletin》2011,62(2):371-376

Recent occurrence, distribution and mass inventories of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) proposed by USEPA in the south Bohai Sea (BS) were studied based on the analytical data of 71 surface sediment samples. The concentrations of 16 PAHs varied from 37 to 537 ng g⁻¹ (dry weight). A clear difference was observed between the coastal Bohai Bay (CBB) and its adjacent BS (ABS) in the distribution and compositions of PAHs. The petrogenic source of phenanthrene in CBB was attributable to the industrial wastewater, fugitive fuel leakages from ships and offshore oil production. Four to six ring PAHs were predominantly from the coal and wood combustions in the whole area. The estimated PAH input to the south BS (43,000 km², 56% of BS in area) was 36.6 ton yr⁻¹, indicating that the study area was one of the important reservoirs of PAHs in world.  相似文献   

基于森林详查与遥感数据降尺度技术估算中国林龄的空间分布   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

戴铭  周涛  杨玲玲  贾根锁 《地理研究》2011,30(1):172-184

森林的林龄结构及空间分布是评估区域尺度森林生态系统碳汇潜力的重要参数.以第五次全国森林详查获取的省级优势树种的平均林龄及分布面积为基础,以同期生长季节的NOAA/AVHRR NDVI遥感数据为辅助,在空间降尺度统计技术的支持下,得出了全国8km分辨率下的森林林龄的定量分布.结果表明:中国林龄在空间分布具有很大异质性.东...  相似文献   

BOOK REVIEWS     

《The Professional geographer》1986,38(2):195-222

Book Reviewed in this article: The Vanishing Farmland Crisis, Critical Views of the Movement to Preserve Agricultural Land . John Baden Protecting Farmlands . Frederick R. Steiner and John E. Theilacker Ecological Effects of Fire in South African Ecosystems . Peter de V. Booysen and Neil M. Tainton Geography in China . Wu Chuanjun , Wang Nailiang , Lin Chao and Zhao Songqiao Resource Inventory and Baseline Study Methods for Developing Countries . Francis Conant , Peter Rogers , Marion Baumgardner , Cyrus Mc Kell , Raymond Dasmann, and Priscilla Reining Principles of Remote Sensing . Paul J. Curran Famine As A Geographical Phenomenon . Bruce Currey and Graeme Hugo The Suburban Squeeze: Land Conversion and Regulation in the San Francisco Bay Area . David E. Dowall Senses of Place . John Eyles Uneven Development and the Geographical Transfer of Value . D. K. Forbes and P. J. Rimmer Issues in Wilderness Management . Michael Frome Land-use and Prehistory in South-east Spain , The London Research Series in Geography 8. Antonio Gilman and John B. Thornes with Stephen Wise Regions in Question, Space, Development Theory and Regional Policy . Charles Gore The Colorado River: Instability and Basin Management . William L. Graf Hazardous Waste Sites: The Credibility Gap . Michael R. Greenberg and Richard F. Anderson Peasants, Subsistence Ecology, and Development in the Highlands of Papua New Guinea . Lawrence S. Grossman Silver Cities: The Photography of American Urbanization, 1839-1915 Peter B. Hales Silicon Landscapes . Peter Hall and Ann Markusen Remaking Ibieca: Rural Life in Aragon under Franco . Susan F. Harding The European Energy Challenge: East and West . George W. Hoffman The Global Climate . John T. Houghton The Urban Jobless in Eastern Africa . Abel G. M. Ishumi . The Tourist: Travel in Twentieth-Century North America . John A. Jakle City and Society: An Outline for Urban Geography . R. J. Johnston Residential Segregation, The State and Constitutional Conflict in American Urban Areas . R. J. Johnston Accessibility and Utilization: Geographical Perspectives on Health Care Delivery . Alun E. Joseph and David R. Phillips To the Heart of Asia: The Life of Sven Hedin . George Kish North American Culture , Vol 1. Ary J. Lamme III Past and Present in the Americas: A Compendium of Recent Studies . John Lynch Ethnicity in Contemporary America: A Geographical Appraisal . Jesse O. Mc Kee The Shell Countryside Book . Richard Muir and Eric Duffey 1990 Planning Conference Series. Proceedings of the National Geographic Areas Conference . Proceedings of the Regional Geographic Areas Conferences Wood, Brick, and Stone: The North American Settlement Landscape . Vol. 2: Barns and Farm Structures . Allen G. Noble Bangladesh: Biography of a Muslim Nation . Charles Peter O'donnell  相似文献   

BOOK REVIEWS     

《The Professional geographer》1987,39(3):363-386

Book Reviewed in this article: Hillslope Processes. Binghamton Symposia in Geomorphology International Series: 16. Athol D. Abrahams , ed. The Atlas of Central America and the Caribbean. The Diagram Group . The Cultural Atlas of Islam. Isma'il R. al Faruqi and Lois Lamaya'al Faruqi . Atlas of Israel Contemporary Africa: Development, Culture and the State. Morag Bell . Fundamentals of Physical Geography. David Briggs and Peter Smithson . The Bicentennial Census: New Directions for Methodology in 1990. Constance F. Citro and Michael L. Cohen , eds . World Patterns of Modern Urban Change: Essays in Honor of Chauncy D. Harris. Michael P. Conzen , ed . New Directions for Agriculture and Agricultural Research: Neglected Dimensions and Emerging Alternatives. Kenneth A. Dahlberg , ed . Water Resources Atlas of Florida. E.A. Fernald and D.J. Patton , eds . Landscape Ecology. R.T.T. Forman and M. Godron . The Myth of the North American City: Continentalism Challenged. Michael Goldberg and John Mercer . The Permafrost Environment. Stuart A. Harris . Climate and Circulation of the Tropics. Stefan Hastenrath . The Island of South Georgia. Robert Headland . The Making of Urban Europe, 1000-1950. Paul M. Hohenberg and Lynn Hollen Lees . Bombay in Transition: The Growth and Social Ecology of a Colonial City, 1889–1980. Meera Kosambi . Plant Closings; Public or Private Choices? Richard B. McKenzie , ed . Malaysia: Tradition, Modernity and Islam. R.S. Milne and Diane K. Mauzy . Technology on the Frontier: Mining in Old Ontario. Dianne Newell . The Maritime Political Boundaries of the World. J.R.V. Prescott . Tall Office Buildings in the United States. James W. Pygman and Richard Kateley (Real Estate Research Corporation). Technology, Regions, and Policy. John Rees , ed . The United States and the Regional Organization of Asia and the Pacific: 1965-1985. W.W. Rostow . Renewable Energy: Progress, Prospects. Stephen W. Sawyer Wisconsin Foundations. Gwen Schultz . Dwelling, Place and Environment: Towards a Phenomenology of Person and World. David Seamon and Robert Mugerauer , eds . Power and Place: Canadian Urban Development in the North American Context. Gilbert A. Stelter and Alan F.J. Artibise , eds . Small Firms in Regional Economic Development: Britain, Ireland and the United States. D. J. Storey , ed . Mathematical Methods in Human Geography and Planning. A. G. Wilson and R. J. Bennett . El Niño North: Niño Effects on the Eastern Subarctic Pacific Ocean. W. S. Wooster and D. L. Fluharty , eds . The Soviet Iron and Steel Industry. Craig ZumBrunnen and Jeffrey Osleeb .  相似文献   

Rock Glaciers in the Patagonian Andes: An Inventory for the Monte San Lorenzo (Cerro Cochrane) Massif, 47° S          下载免费PDF全文

Daniel Falaschi  Takeo Tadono  Mariano Masiokas 《Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography》2015,97(4):769-777

Although rock glaciers in the Central and Desert Andes of Argentina and Chile have been previously studied in detail, much less attention has been paid to the occurrence of these permafrost forms in Patagonia. Recently, however, the establishment of the Argentinean Glacier Inventory program, which intends to inventory and monitor all ice masses along the Argentinean Andes, has started a large amount of new geocryological research. The project is designed to provide reliable and worldwide comparable results, supported by well established technical procedures and background information. Presented here is the first rock glacier inventory of the Monte San Lorenzo (Cerro Cochrane) region in the southern Patagonian Andes. A total of 130 intact (9.86 km²) and 47 fossil (1.45 km²) landforms were inventoried using two 2.5 m resolution ALOS Panchromatic Remote‐sensing Instruments for Stereo Mapping images. Since the Argentinean federal initiative described above legally protects all rock glaciers in the country as water reserves, and due to the little scientific knowledge concerning rock glaciers in the vast majority of the Patagonian Andes, this inventory provides an important basis for political decision‐making and opens further geocryological research avenues for the Patagonian region in general.  相似文献   

Caesium-137 in Southeast Asia: Is there enough left for soil erosion and sediment redistribution studies?     

《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2013

Low reference inventories of the fallout radionuclide ¹³⁷Cs in low latitudes may limit its present and future application for studies of soil erosion and sediment redistribution in Southeast Asia. ¹³⁷Cs reference inventories and concentrations in surface materials measured in nine and five areas, respectively, across Southeast Asia are here reported and reviewed. The compiled reference inventories decrease from north to south. Three global estimates of ¹³⁷Cs total fallout are also reviewed and compared to the measured data while taking into account factors that affect the fallout estimates and the reference inventory. The results are presented as a schematic regional distribution map of ¹³⁷Cs reference inventories for the year 2012. A relationship between a reference inventory and topsoil concentration is also provided. The measured ¹³⁷Cs concentrations suggest that a minimum detectable activity (MDA) less than 0.5 Bq/kg is required for detection of ¹³⁷Cs activity in topsoils in the lowest reference inventory areas. This sensitivity should allow, at present, ¹³⁷Cs to be a useful tool for analysis of soil erosion in Southeast Asia, should also be a useful chronometer, and will be a useful tracer at least where the reference inventory is more than 500–600 Bq/m². This level of MDA has been demonstrated in previous studies to be achievable by gamma-ray spectrometry using non-destructive sample treatment. As the nuclide decays, sufficient will remain to be useful until the middle of this century in most areas in Peninsular Malaysia and southern maritime Southeast Asia, and a few decades more in the rest of the region.  相似文献   

基于多层次物理力学参数的小区域地震滑坡危险性评估——以长江上游石棉县城及周边为例     

宋志  倪化勇  周洪福  冯伟 《地质力学学报》2016,22(3):760-770

通过实地调查、遥感解译、资料收集等手段,获取滑坡崩塌体编录、松散堆积层、地质单元的岩土体物理力学参数,使得滑坡编录、地质调查数据与区域Newmark位移模型有机结合。研究表明,在滑坡编录等3个层次中,由第一层次到第三层次,物理力学参数精度逐渐下降,这也反映了滑坡编录在危险性评价中所占据的重要性,更能与实际相吻合。通过对长江上游石棉县城地质灾害潜在危险性的评估,得出了不同尺度峰值加速度下危险性分布区域与规律,经与危险性线性拟合,在峰值加速度a=0.3时,区域危险区面积呈大规模急剧上升,为区域毁灭性灾难的临界值。同时,石棉县城随着峰值加速度数值增大,危险区从滑坡编录控制逐渐过渡到坡度控制,显示了多层次物理力学参数下危险性评估的合理性。   相似文献   

Comparison of the Anthropogenic Emission Inventory for CMIP6 Models with a Country-Level Inventory over China and the Simulations of the Aerosol Properties     

Tianyi FAN  Xiaohong LIU  Chenglai WU  Qiang ZHANG  Chuanfeng ZHAO  Xin YANG  Yanglian LI 《大气科学进展》2022,39(1):80-96

Anthropogenic emission inventory for aerosols and reactive gases is crucial to the estimation of aerosol radiative forcing and climate effects.Here,the anthropogenic emission inventory for AerChemMIP,endorsed by CMIP6,is briefly introduced.The CMIP6 inventory is compared with a country-level inventory(i.e.,MEIC)over China from 1986 to 2015.Discrepancies are found in the yearly trends of the two inventories,especially after 2006.The yearly trends of the aerosol burdens simulated by CESM2 using the two inventories follow their emission trends and deviate after the mid-2000s,while the simulated aerosol optical depths(AODs)show similar trends.The difference between the simulated AODs is much smaller than the difference between model and observation.Although the simulated AODs agree with the MODIS satellite retrievals for country-wide average,the good agreement is an offset between the underestimation in eastern China and the overestimation in western China.Low-biased precursor gas of SO₂,overly strong convergence of the wind field,overly strong dilution and transport by summer monsoon circulation,too much wet scavenging by precipitation,and overly weak aerosol swelling due to low-biased relative humidity are suggested to be responsible for the underestimated AOD in eastern China.This indicates that the influence of the emission inventory uncertainties on simulated aerosol properties can be overwhelmed by model biases of meteorology and aerosol processes.It is necessary for climate models to perform reasonably well in the dynamical,physical,and chemical processes that would influence aerosol simulations.  相似文献   

国内外碳排放核算方法研究进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘明达  蒙吉军  刘碧寒 《热带地理》2014,34(2):248-258

近年来,碳排放研究已被世界广泛重视,其核算方法直接影响到碳排放数据的可靠性。文章针对近年来碳排放领域的核算研究,从理论上讨论了IPCC和中国关于碳排放项目清单,对比分析了排放因子法、质量平衡法和实测法3种主要碳排放核算方法的优缺点及适用对象;从实践上将核算清单项目与方法细化到国家/省区、城市、住区、单体建筑和家庭5个空间尺度单元。在总结现有研究成果的基础上,概括出了碳排放研究的范式与框架。综述发现：1）碳排放研究已形成以IPCC为主导、各方积极参与的局面,目前已发展成为一个范式清晰、方法成熟、使用范围广泛、与时代紧密结合的研究领域;2）IPCC提出的排放清单与核算方法在各空间单元尺度开展实践,并在解决城市问题过程中产生新的学科增长点;3）碳排放核算仍然存在尺度关注不均衡,中观尺度研究较少,以及核算方法的自身缺陷,数据获取的外部限制等问题;4）中国形成了适合本国的碳排放清单,在历史碳排放、碳排放区域差异以及自然系统碳排放等方面取得了一些进展,但存在理论创新少、方法探索不多、数据获取受限等问题。  相似文献   

增城市基础测绘数据更新方法     

赖高望  史经  冯连好 《测绘与空间地理信息》2012,(7):179-180,183

根据《广州市测绘管理办法》要求,结合增城市基础测绘数据落后、与现实不符等情况,为适应社会的快速发展,对增城市基础测绘数据进行局部更新,以满足规划发展要求。  相似文献