2002年腾冲火山区微震观测          下载免费PDF全文

蔡绍平  刘学军  叶建庆  蔡明军 《地震地质》2003,25(Z1):138-146

20 0 2年 6月 13日至 9月 13日腾冲火山区流动数字化地震台网记录了腾冲火山区及周边地区的 2 92次地震事件。对资料的初步分析表明 ,在本次观测期间 ,腾冲火山区南部地区火山地震活动仍然频繁 ,以微震为主。选用发生在火山区的 33个地震震源参数计算得出的拐角频率为 4 37～11 87Hz、应力降为 0 0 0 5～ 0 2 77MPa ,显示该区域尚属低应力分布区。S波湮灭图像的再次出现 ,充分表明在腾冲县城西南至热海的马鞍山火山、老龟坡火山一带有岩浆囊熔融体存在的可能 ,深度不超过 10km。文中还展示了台网记录到的S波湮灭、微破裂高频地震、波形特征类似火山颤动 (包络型事件 )的图像  相似文献   

Magma degassing and basaltic eruption styles: a case study of 2000 year BP Xitle volcano in central Mexico   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Pablo Cervantes  Paul Wallace   《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》2003,120(3-4):249-270

To investigate the relationship between volatile abundances and eruption style, we have analyzed major element and volatile (H₂O, CO₂, S) concentrations in olivine-hosted melt inclusions in tephra from the 2000 yr BP eruption of Xitle volcano in the central Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. The Xitle eruption was dominantly effusive, with fluid lava flows accounting for 95% of the total dense rock erupted material (1.1 km³). However, in addition to the initial, Strombolian, cinder cone-building phase, there was a later explosive phase that interrupted effusive activity and deposited three widespread ash fall layers. Major element compositions of olivine-hosted melt inclusions from these ash layers range from 52 to 58 wt.% SiO₂, and olivine host compositions are Fo_84–86. Water concentrations in the melt inclusions are variable (0.2–1.3 wt.% H₂O), with an average of 0.45±0.3 (1σ) wt.% H₂O. Sulfur concentrations vary from below detection (50 ppm) to 1000 ppm but are mostly ≤200 ppm and show little correlation with H₂O. Only the two inclusions with the highest H₂O have detectable CO₂ (310–340 ppm), indicating inclusion entrapment at higher pressures (700–900 bars) than for the other inclusions (≤80 bars). The low and variable H₂O and S contents of melt inclusions combined with the absence of less soluble CO₂ indicates shallow-level degassing before olivine crystallization and melt inclusion formation. Olivine morphologies are consistent with the interpretation that most crystallization occurred rapidly during near-surface H₂O loss. During cinder cone eruptions, the switch from initial explosive activity to effusive eruption probably occurs when the ascent velocity of magma becomes slow enough to allow near-complete degassing of magma at shallow depths within the cone as a result of buoyantly rising gas bubbles. This allows degassed lavas to flow laterally and exit near the base of the cone while gas escapes through bubbly magma in the uppermost part of the conduit just below the crater. The major element compositions of melt inclusions at Xitle show that the short-lived phase of renewed explosive activity was triggered by a magma recharge event, which could have increased overpressure in the storage reservoir beneath Xitle, leading to increased ascent velocities and decreased time available for degassing during ascent.  相似文献   

西秦岭温泉混浆花岗岩的微量与稀土元素地球化学特征   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

李永军  李景宏  孔德义  李英  刘志武  李注苍  李金宝 《西北地质》2003,36(3):7-13

西秦岭温泉岩体是壳、幔岩浆混浆的产物。寄主岩石高Mo、Sn、Bi、W等高温热液成矿元素及Co、Ni、Cr等亲铁元素。而基性端元的暗色微细粒镁铁质包体及基性岩墙则异常富集轻稀土和Ba、Rb、Sr、Zr、Th、Hf、Nb等大离子亲石元素，贫Co、Ni、Cr等亲铁元素，微量元素的反常分布，指示了两个端元元素演化的显著依从性和交换性。LREE／HREE值在寄主岩石中为10～15，受岩浆混合作用影响在基性端元为9．98～13．5，异常富轻稀土。δEu值及(La／Sm)N、(Gd／Yb)N、(La／Yb)N等比值，显示该岩体为混浆花岗岩。岩浆混合作用强烈的混浆暗色花岗岩具有显著的壳慢过渡性质。  相似文献   

湘东南汝城盆地火山岩的元素地球化学及源区性质讨论   总被引：12，自引：4，他引：12  

贾大成  胡瑞忠  卢焱 《现代地质》2003,17(2):131-136

湘东南汝城盆地火山岩系由辉绿岩、玄武岩和玄武质火山碎屑岩组成 ,属于低钾拉斑玄武岩系。玄武岩全岩K Ar年龄为 ( 12 8 4± 4 2 )Ma ,辉绿岩全岩K Ar年龄为 ( 112 1±3 2 )Ma。元素地球化学分析表明火山岩系具有同一岩浆源区 ,其形成以部分熔融方式为主。岩石微量元素出现大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、Th、U的富集和高场强元素Ta、Nb、Ti的亏损。强不相容元素含量的比值表明岩浆源区明显偏离原始地幔组分 ,具有富集型地幔的特征。岩浆源区主要受到地壳物质混染以及来自消减残留板片析出流体的交代改造作用。  相似文献   

西秦岭糜署岭岩体镁铁质微粒包体的特征及成因   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7  

李永军 王冉李注苍  刘志武李金保 《地质通报》2003,22(7):506-511

糜署岭岩体的岩石组合为灰白色似斑状二长花岗岩-花岗闪长岩-石英闪长岩，其中镁铁质微粒包体十分发育。包体密集成群、成带状分布，个体大小悬殊且有定向性。有的包体具有细粒边，有的见冷凝边；包体与寄主岩石在成分、色率以及组构上多呈弱过渡关系，界线模糊；包体中发育斜长石异常环带及针状磷灰石，常有寄主岩石中的钾长石巨晶(捕虏晶)。这些特征提供了基性岩浆与酸性岩浆混合的证据，也为探讨本区中生代壳幔混合作用和地壳增生提供了信息。  相似文献   

新疆阿尔泰一带典型铁矿床特征、成因及找矿前景分析   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

张振福 《地质找矿论丛》2003,18(Z1):80-83

文章对比了蒙库、阿巴宫、加尔巴斯岛等典型铁矿床的地质特征,并对其成因进行了综合分析,认为蒙库铁矿为火山沉积受变质改造成因、阿巴宫铁矿为矿浆贯入成因、加尔巴斯岛铁矿属接触交代型.结合成矿地质背景、航磁异常特征对找矿前景进行了分析.  相似文献   

新疆富蕴县蒙库铁矿床地质特征与成因分析   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12       下载免费PDF全文

仇仲学 《地质找矿论丛》2003,18(Z1):110-114

蒙库铁矿位于阿尔泰多金属成矿带的中段,蒙库复背斜北东翼部次级向斜铁木下尔滚向斜核部及其两翼,含矿地层为下泥盆统康布铁堡组下亚组,岩性为一套中深变质的火山岩.矿体与围岩接触界限清楚,与地层同步褶曲呈向斜形态.文章以区域成矿条件,矿床地质特征为基础,根据对矿石微量元素组分分析、硫同位素特征研究认为,矿床成因应属海相火山喷发-沉积受变质改造矿床.  相似文献   

挥发份在夕卡岩型和斑岩型矿床形成中的作用   总被引：14，自引：4，他引：14       下载免费PDF全文

芮宗瑶  赵一鸣  王龙生  王义天 《矿床地质》2003,22(2):141-148

通过总结多年来对夕卡岩型和斑岩型矿床的研究所获得的成果，作者认识到挥发相在这些矿床形成过程中的重要地位和意义。文章系统讨论了在花岗质岩浆中挥发相的形成和时空演化、挥发相的组成及其与硅酸盐熔融体的不相溶性，提供了挥发相在夕卡岩型和斑岩型矿床中存在的证据，提出挥发相对花岗质岩体顶部和邻近围岩的微细裂隙、爆破角砾岩、夕卡岩、碱质硅酸盐交代岩和富含挥发份矿物的形成，以及在矿质的迁移富集等各个过程中都具有十分重要的意义。  相似文献   

四川汉源平等澄江期A型花岗岩地球化学特征     

段志明  李勇  白宪洲  黎兵 《矿物岩石》2003,23(2):72-74

根据花岗岩同源岩浆演化序列，将汉源平等复式花岗岩体划分为6个单元，归并为一个超单元。岩石类型以二长花岗岩、钾长花岗岩为主体，具明显的成分一结构演化特征。岩石化学以富硅、钾，贫钙，岩石稀土以具明显的铕负异常为特征。本超单元同位素年龄为650Ma-700Ma，它是澄江期非造山带，沿火山裂谷侵位的A型花岗岩。  相似文献   

Analysis of the Major Fe Bearing Mineral Phases in Recent Lake Sediments by EXAFS Spectroscopy   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Lorenzo Spadini  Markus Bott  Bernhard Wehrli  Alain Manceau 《Aquatic Geochemistry》2003,9(1):1-17

Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy and chemical analyses were combined to determine the Fe bearing minerals in recent lake sediments from Baldeggersee (Switzerland). The upper section of a laminated sediment core, deposited under eutrophic conditions, was compared to the lower part from an oligotrophic period. Qualitative analysis of FeK EXAFS agreed well with chemical data: In the oligotrophic section Fe(II)–O and Fe(III)–O specieswere present, whereas a significant fraction of Fe(II)–S sulfides was strongly indicated in the eutrophic part. A statistical analysis was performed by least square fitting of normalized reference spectra. The set of reference minerals included Fe(III) oxides and Fe(II) sulfides, carbonates and phosphates. In the oligotrophic regime no satisfying fit was obtained using the set of reference spectra, indicating that siderite (FeCO₃) was not present in a significant amount in these carbonate-rich sediments. Simulated EXAFS spectra for a(Ca_x, Fe_1-x)CO₃solid solution allowed reconstructing the specificfeatures of the experimental spectra, suggesting that this phase was the dominant Fe carrier in the oligotrophic section of the core. In the eutrophic part, mackinawite was positively identified and represented the dominant Fe(II) sulfide phase. This finding agreed with chemical extraction, which indicated that18–40 mol% of Fe was contained in the acid volatile iron sulfide fraction. EXAFS spectra of the eutrophic section were best fitted by considering the admixture of mackinawite and the Fe–Ca carbonate phase inferred to be predominant in the oligotrophic regime.  相似文献