The Fish Assemblage of a Newfoundland Estuary: Diel, Monthly and Annual Variation     

D. A. Methven  R. L. Haedrich  G. A. Rose 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2001,52(6):669

Twice monthly sampling over two 16 month periods at a shallow site on Newfoundland's east coast showed the fish assemblage to be dominated by four taxa (Gasterosteus aculeatus, G. wheatlandi, Osmerus mordax, Gadus spp.) that accounted for 96% of the individuals collected. Of the 16 479 fish measured, 65% were adults based on the estimated size of first spawning. The fish assemblage was dominated (86%) by species with demersal eggs, several of which spawn at the same shallow sites used by juveniles as nursery sites. Coastal spawning and demersal eggs maintain offspring in coastal nursery areas where survival is thought to be increased. Number of species and number of fish were both correlated with water temperature being highest from mid-summer to early autumn and lowest in winter. Temperature, time of spawning, and movements of juveniles and adults facilitated grouping species into five assemblages based on seasonal abundance: seasonal periodic species (summer and winter), regular species, regular species collected in all seasons except winter, and occasional (rare) species. At the diel scale, two consistent species groupings were observed: species that showed no significant difference between day and night and species caught primarily at night. Number of night species exceeded day species by a factor of two. No seine-caught species in shallow water exhibited significantly higher catches during the day. Observations by SCUBA divers indicated some species were more abundant during day time at slightly deeper depths. This observation in conjunction with day and night seining in shallower water, suggests these species aggregate in deeper water during day and move to shallow waters at night.  相似文献   

亚硝酸盐胁迫对尖吻鲈稚鱼抗氧化酶活性及皮质醇的影响     

胡静  周胜杰  杨蕊  杨其彬  刘亚娟  马振华 《海洋科学》2018,42(4):132-140

作者采用半静水生物测试法,对尖吻鲈稚鱼(Latescalcarifer)(15日龄)进行急性亚硝酸盐胁迫试验,试验共设定4个亚硝酸盐浓度梯度试验(0、100、300和500 mg/L),并分别于0、6、12、24、36、48和72h处进行取样,测定其超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)以及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)等抗氧化酶活性及皮质醇含量,旨在揭示尖吻鲈稚鱼在急性亚硝酸应激下,抗氧化酶及激素的调节机制。分析结果表明试验剂量和时间均对各抗氧化酶活性和皮质醇含量影响显著(P0.05)。实验结束时,SOD活性显著高于对照组,而POD活性均显著低于对照组, CAT活性除最低浓度胁迫处理组显著低于对照组以外,其他均显著高于对照组, ACP活性低于或略低于对照组水平, GSH-PX活性最低值出现在最高浓度胁迫组且显著低于对照组,而皮质醇浓度均显著低于对照组(P0.05)。结果证明了鱼体抗氧化酶活性和皮质醇对亚硝酸盐刺激具有调节反应,一定程度上也证明了尖吻鲈仔、稚鱼较强的亚硝酸盐耐受能力。  相似文献   

Do the shallow‐water habitats of a hypersaline tropical estuary act as nursery grounds for fishes?          下载免费PDF全文

Natalice dos Santos Sales  Alexandra Sofia Baptista Vicente Baeta  Lidiane Gomes de Lima  André Luiz Machado Pessanha 《Marine Ecology》2018,39(1)

Fish assemblages were studied in a hypersaline tropical estuary in Northeastern Brazil. A total of 104 species were collected by beach seine during the dry and rainy seasons of 2012. Two families, Atherinopsidae and Gerreidae, were numerically dominant in all zones of the estuary; juveniles of Atherinella brasiliensis, Eucinostomus argenteus, Lile piquitinga, Ulaema lefroyi, Lutjanus analis and Sphoeroides greeleyi contributed 77% of the total catch. The factors that best explained the fish abundance pattern were salinity and depth, which were related to spatial segregation. Species richness was lowest in the upper zone, an area with high salinity and shallow depth. The distinct roles of structurally different habitats (submerged macrophyte beds and mangrove prop‐roots) and the influence of physicochemical conditions in the middle zone of the estuary may influence taxonomic diversity. The middle zone of the estuary is the one most attractive to juveniles of reef species (Lutjanidae and Serranidae). The fish assemblages are clearly dominated by marine estuarine dependent species, highlighting the importance of the ecosystem as a nursery ground for marine species of the Brazilian coast.  相似文献   

Juvenile fish condition in estuarine nurseries along the Portuguese coast     

R.P. Vasconcelos  P. Reis-Santos  V. Fonseca  M. Ruano  S. Tanner  M.J. Costa  H.N. Cabral 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

Connectivity between estuarine fish nurseries and coastal adult habitats can be affected by variations in juvenile growth and survival. Condition indices are renowned proxies of juvenile nutritional status and growth rates and are valuable tools to assess habitat quality. Biochemical (RNA:DNA ratio) and morphometric (Fulton's condition factor K) condition indices were determined in juveniles of Solea solea, Solea senegalensis, Platichthys flesus, Diplodus vulgaris and Dicentrarchus labrax collected in putative nursery areas of nine estuaries along the Portuguese coast (Minho, Douro, Ria de Aveiro, Mondego, Tejo, Sado, Mira, Ria Formosa and Guadiana) in the Spring and Summer of two consecutive years (2005 and 2006) with distinct climatic characteristics. Individual condition showed significant variation amongst species. The combined use of both condition indices highlighted the low correlation between them and that RNA:DNA had a higher sensitivity. RNA:DNA varied between years but overall the site relative patterns in condition were maintained from one year to the other. Higher RNA:DNA values were found in Spring than in Summer in most species. Intra-estuarine variation also occurred in several cases. Species specific trends in the variability of condition amongst estuaries were highlighted. Some estuaries had higher juvenile condition for more than one species but results did not reveal an identical trend for all species and sites, hindering the hypotheses of one estuarine nursery promoting superior growth for all present species. Significant correlations were found between condition indices, juvenile densities and environmental variables (water temperature, salinity and depth) in the estuarine nurseries. These influenced juvenile nutritional condition and growth, contributing to the variability in estuarine nursery habitat quality. Management and conservation wise, interest in multi-species approaches is reinforced as assessments based on a single species may not reflect the overall nursery habitat quality.  相似文献   

Environmental control on early life stages of flatfishes in the Lima Estuary (NW Portugal)     

Sandra Ramos  Pedro Ré  Adriano A. Bordalo 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

Several flatfishes spawn in oceanic waters and pelagic larvae are transported inshore to settle in the nursery areas, usually estuaries, where they remain during their juvenile life. Nursery areas appear as extremely important habitats, not only for juveniles but also for the earlier planktonic larval fish. Yet, the majority of nursery studies tend to focus only on one development stage, missing an integrative approach of the entire early life that fishes spent within a nursery ground. Thus, the present study assessed the influence of environmental parameters on the dynamics of the larval and juvenile flatfishes, throughout their nursery life in the Lima Estuary. Between April 2002 and April 2004, fortnightly subsurface ichthyoplankton samples were collected and juveniles were collected from October 2003 until September 2005. Larval assemblages comprised nine flatfish species, while only six were observed among the juvenile assemblages. Solea senegalensis and Platichthys flesus were the most abundant species of both fractions of the Lima Estuary flatfishes. Larval flatfish assemblages varied seasonally, without relevant differences between lower and middle estuary. Platichthys flesus dominated the spring samples and summer and autumn periods were characterized by an increase of overall abundance and diversity of larval flatfishes, mainly S. senegalensis, associated with temperature increase and reduced river flow. On the contrary, during the winter abundance sharply decreased, as a consequence of higher river run-off that might compromised the immigration of incompetent marine larvae. Juvenile flatfishes were more abundant in the middle and upper areas of the estuary, but the species richness was higher near the river mouth. Sediment type, distance from the river mouth, salinity, temperature and dissolved oxygen were identified as the main environmental factors structuring the juvenile flatfish assemblages. Juveniles were spatially discrete, with the most abundant species S. senegalensis and P. flesus associated with the middle and upper estuary, while the remaining species were associated with the lower estuarine areas. The larval fraction exhibited distinct dynamics from the juvenile estuarine flatfish community. Larval flatfishes showed a strong seasonal structure mainly regulated by biological features as the spawning season and also by seasonal variations of water characteristics. On the other hand, juvenile flatfishes were markedly controlled by site specific characteristics such as sediments structure, distance from the river mouth and salinity regime. The present study emphasized the idea that the environmental control varies throughout the ontogenetic development, stressing the importance of integrating all the early life of a species in flatfish nursery studies.  相似文献   

斜带石斑鱼幼鱼饥饿前后胃肠道的组织学研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

宋海霞  翁幼竹  方琼珊  刘志刚  方永强 《台湾海峡》2008,27(1):74-78

应用组织学方法详细地观察了斜带石斑鱼幼鱼饥饿前后胃肠道组织细胞的变化特征.结果发现饥饿后引起胃体部的粘膜和腺体萎缩,胃腺细胞排列无序,腺细胞胞质中分泌颗粒明显减少,肌层变薄,肌纤维排列疏松,而贲门胃和幽门胃则没有明显变化;在肠道可见幽门盲囊和肠前段出现结构和功能的变化,表现在肠绒毛长度和上皮细胞的高度均明显下降,纹状缘退化,杯状细胞的体积和数目都减少,肠中段的变化较前段不显著,后段肠壁可见浆膜层和肌层严重脱落.  相似文献   

Estuarine resources use by juvenile Flagfin mojarra (Eucinostomus melanopterus) in an inverse tropical estuary (Sine Saloum,Senegal)     

Ndombour Gning  François Le Loc'h  Omar T. Thiaw  Catherine Aliaume  Guy Vidy 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2010

The Flagfin mojarra, Eucinostomus melanopterus, is a marine spawner whose young individuals are common in the Sine Saloum inverse estuary (Senegal). The species offers the opportunity to study both the use of the estuarine nursery resources and the impact of the particular environment of the inverse estuary on these resources. This will lead to a better understanding of the functioning of the nursery. We investigated the resources used by juvenile Flagfin mojarra by coupling stomach contents and stable isotopes methods.  相似文献   

Nocturnal fish utilization of a subtropical mangrove‐seagrass ecotone     

Neil Hammerschlag  Joseph E. Serafy 《Marine Ecology》2010,31(2):364-374

Whereas diel fish migration between mangrove and seagrass habitats has been recognized for decades, quantitative studies have focused mainly on diurnal patterns of fish distribution and abundance. In general, previous studies have shown that fish abundances decline with increasing distance from mangroves; however, evidence for such a pattern at night, when many fishes are actively feeding, is scarce. The present study is the first to report nocturnal fish abundances along a continuous distance gradient from mangroves across adjacent seagrass habitat (0–120 m). Here, we used nocturnal seine sampling to test the null hypothesis (based on diurnal studies and limited nocturnal work) that fish abundance would decrease with increasing distance from shoreline. We focused on species and life‐stage‐specific abundance patterns of Lutjanus griseus, Sphyraena barracuda, Archosargus rhomboidalis, and Haemulon sciurus. Results indicated that assemblage composition and structure differed significantly by season, likely influenced by temperature. However, within each season, the fish habitat use pattern at both the assemblage and species‐specific level generally failed to support our working null hypothesis. Species‐specific analyses revealed that, for most species and life‐stages examined, nocturnal abundance either did not change with distance or increased with distance from the mangrove‐seagrass ecotone. Our results suggest that analyses where taxa are grouped to report overall patterns may have the potential to overlook significant species‐ and stage‐specific variation. For fishes known to make nocturnal migrations, we recommend nocturnal sampling to determine habitat utilization patterns, especially when inferring nursery value of multiple habitats or when estimating fish production.  相似文献   

Hydrous Juvenile Lower Crust at the Western Yangtze Craton Margin as the Main Source of the Beiya Porphyry-skarn Au Deposit     

WANG Zixuan  ZHENG Yuanchuan  XU Bo  HOU Zengqian  ZHANG Aiping  SHEN Yang  MA Rui  WU Changd  XU Peiyan 《《地质学报》英文版》2022,96(3):972-992

The Beiya porphyry-skarn Au deposit is one of the largest gold deposits in China, temporally and spatially associated with Eocene intrusions in a post-collisional setting in western Yunnan, China. In this study, we report new whole-rock geochemistry, Sr-Nd isotope, zircon U-Pb geochronology and in situ zircon Hf-O isotopes of quartz-monzonite and biotite-monzonite porphyries from the Beiya deposit. The porphyry-skarn mineralization at the Beiya deposit is mainly associated with the quartz monzonite porphyry (35.8 ± 0.6 Ma), while the biotite-monzonite porphyry (34.3 ± 0.5 Ma) represents a post-mineralization intrusion crosscutting the main orebodies and the quartz-monzonite porphyry. Both intrusions have high-K and adakitic composition and are characterized by high Sr/Y ratios, high SiO2 and Al2O3 concentrations (SiO2 = 69.80–73.86 wt%; Al2O3 = 14.11–15.19 wt%), and low MgO, Cr, and Ni concentrations (MgO = 0.2–1.0 wt%; Cr = 1.76–11.13 ppm; Ni = 2.52–11.72 ppm). Their Sr-Nd isotope compositions (87Sr/86Sr = 0.7066–0.7077; εNd(t) = ?5.3 to ?1.5) are consistent with the lower crustal-derived amphibolite xenoliths (87Sr/86Sr = 0.7060–0.7100; εNd(t) = ?10.0 to 0.0), indicating that they might be derived from a thickened juvenile lower crust beneath the Yangtze Craton. The biotite-monzonite porphyry has lower zircon δ18O values of +5.3‰ to +6.8‰ and higher εHf(t) values of ?2.3 to +5.5 than those of the quartz-monzonite porphyry with δ18O values of +7.1‰ to +8.2‰ and εHf(t) values of ?3.8 to +1.5, implying that they were derived from different parts of the lower crust. High Ba/La and Pb/Ce ratios suggest that the quartz-monzonite porphyry is derived from a volatiles-rich reservoir. Relatively higher La/Yb, Sm/Yb and Dy/Yb ratios of the biotite-monzonite porphyry indicate residual garnet in the source, indicating a deeper source than that of the quartz-monzonite porphyry. The hydrous components should be represented by the amphibole-rich lithologies, which has relatively shallower depth than that of the garnet-bearing mafic thickened lower crust. Our data suggest that the mineralized quartz-monzonite porphyry at the Beiya deposit is derived from partial melting of amphibole-rich lithologies in the upper part of the thickened juvenile lower crust beneath the Yangtze Craton, while the post-mineralization biotite-monzonite porphyry is derived from the basal, and volatiles-poor, part of the juvenile lower crust.  相似文献   

The 26{middle dot}5 ka Oruanui Eruption, Taupo Volcano, New Zealand: Development, Characteristics and Evacuation of a Large Rhyolitic Magma Body     

WILSON  C. J. N.; BLAKE  S.; CHARLIER  B. L. A.; SUTTON  A. N. 《Journal of Petrology》2006,47(1):35-69

The caldera-forming 26·5 ka Oruanui eruption (Taupo,New Zealand) erupted 530 km³ of magma, >99% rhyolitic, <1%mafic. The rhyolite varies from 71·8 to 76·7 wt% SiO₂ and 76 to 112 ppm Rb but is dominantly 74–76 wt% SiO₂. Average rhyolite compositions at each stratigraphiclevel do not change significantly through the eruption sequence.Oxide geothermometry, phase equilibria and volatile contentsimply magma storage at 830–760°C, and 100–200MPa. Most rhyolite compositional variations are explicable by28% crystal fractionation involving the phenocryst and accessoryphases (plagioclase, orthopyroxene, hornblende, quartz, magnetite,ilmenite, apatite and zircon). However, scatter in some elementconcentrations and ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios, and the presence of non-equilibriumcrystal compositions imply that mixing of liquids, phenocrystsand inherited crystals was also important in assembling thecompositional spectrum of rhyolite. Mafic compositions comprisea tholeiitic group (52·3–63·3 wt % SiO₂)formed by fractionation and crustal contamination of a contaminatedtholeiitic basalt, and a calc-alkaline group (56·7–60·5wt % SiO₂) formed by mixing of a primitive olivine–plagioclasebasalt with rhyolitic and tholeiitic mafic magmas. Both maficgroups are distinct from other Taupo Volcanic Zone eruptivesof comparable SiO₂ content. Development and destruction by eruptionof the Oruanui magma body occurred within 40 kyr and Oruanuicompositions have not been replicated in vigorous younger activity.The Oruanui rhyolite did not form in a single stage of evolutionfrom a more primitive forerunner but by rapid rejuvenation ofa longer-lived polygenetic, multi-age ‘stockpile’of silicic plutonic components in the Taupo magmatic system. KEY WORDS: Taupo Volcanic Zone; Taupo volcano; Oruanui eruption; rhyolite, zoned magma chamber; juvenile mafic compositions; eruption withdrawal systematics  相似文献