中国的公路建设与景观破碎程度   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李双成  周巧富  王磊 《地理学报(英文版)》2005,15(1):123-128

The phenomenon of habitat fragmentation which was resulted from anthropogenic disturbances for natural landscape or ecosystems such as removing original land cover, creating edge habitat, altering landscape structure and function, and increasing access fo…  相似文献   

Re-viewing the Entrapment controversy: Megaprojection, (mis)representation and postcolonial performance     

Tim Bunnell 《GeoJournal》2004,59(4):297-305

Becoming the tallest building in the world in the mid-1990s, the Petronas Towers was the centre piece of an image of national progress and development that Malaysian authorities sought to project internationally. The release of Fox Movies' Entrapment in Malaysia in May 1999 provoked political outrage and popular disappointment at the way in which the Petronas Towers in Kuala Lumpur had been spliced alongside riverside ‘slums’ filmed in the town of Malacca some 150 km away. This paper provides a critical reading of the spliced scene in the movie. At one level, the angry response of the Malaysian Prime Minister, Dr Mahathir Mohamad, to the scene diagnoses a geopolitics of asymmetrical representational power. However, I show how Mahathir's criticism of Entrapment in Malaysia was as much a defence of domestic political legitimacy (and national economic investibility) as it was ‘opposition’ or ‘resistance’ to hegemonic ‘Western’ (mis)representation. In addition, while the material and symbolic work of reimaging Kuala Lumpur had sought to negate (neo)orientalist imaginings of ‘Asian’ cities, the controversial scene rendered visible environmental ‘underdevelopment’ that has no place in a modern (vision of) Malaysia. Entrapment thus performed something in inducing Malaysian cities and citizens to ‘clean up’ their act, to practice ‘fully developed’ ways of seeing, being and being seen. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

重庆奉节天坑地缝喀斯特地质遗迹及发育演化   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

陈伟海  朱学稳  朱德浩  马祖陆 《山地学报》2004,22(1):22-29

小寨天坑、天井峡地缝式喀斯特峡谷位于重庆市奉节县南部深切割峰丛谷地区,发育在一个流域面积280km2,落差1600m的喀斯特水文系统中,与巨大的地下河相连。前者深662m,口径626m,容积119×106m3,是目前世界上规模最大的天坑;后者长6162m,最大深度229m,最小宽度1m,为世界上罕见的地缝式喀斯特峡谷,具有很高的美学观赏价值和科研价值。天坑、地缝的形成条件,需要有连续沉积厚度巨大的碳酸盐岩层和平缓的岩层产状、高强度水动力作用地下河的存在、地表深切和地表地下排水基准面的长期大幅度下降、厚度相当大的包气带、地表与地下喀斯特作用协同等。天坑、地缝主要形成于峡谷期(三峡期),经历了3个演化阶段,即宽缓河流谷地阶段、峡谷及天坑地缝形成阶段和现代河谷持续深切阶段。  相似文献   

金口大峡谷地貌成因与旅游资源   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

罗成德 《山地学报》2004,22(1):30-35

金口大峡谷位于大渡河下游，主要支谷有8条，皆以嶂谷地貌为特色。与大峡谷相邻的大瓦山(3236m)为我国最高的桌状山。这一区域以喀斯特地貌为主，受新构造运动影响明显，具有丰富的旅游地貌资源。  相似文献   

济南市南部山区渗漏带汇水区景观恢复与优化   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

王立红  秦艳红 《山地学报》2004,22(4):433-438

通过分析龙洞和渴马渗漏带所在汇水区地表景观格局,发现龙洞流域自然景观占优势,植被覆盖良好、景观聚集度高、林地破碎度低,景观空间布局合理;渴马流域虽然景观类型丰富、多样性高,但农田等半自然景观占优势,植被覆盖率低,景观聚集度低,而林地破碎度高,地表景观呈退化趋势。前者的景观格局明显优于后者。这两个流域都有地表水汇流、入渗的生态功能,地表景观格局的优劣影响到地表水源涵养和渗漏带入渗功能的发挥,因而龙洞渗漏带的渗漏功能好于渴马渗漏带。从熵值角度,通过两个流域间的比较分析找出了致使渴马流域景观格局不合理的驱动因素,继而提出了在该流域内的景观格局空间优化措施。  相似文献   

岩溶区隧道围岩--支护体系稳定性研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

焦斌权  靳晓光  李晓红  阳光 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2004,15(3):78-82

岩溶是地下水地质作用的过程和结果，是隧道建设面临的不良地质现象之一。正在建设中的某高速公路隧道出口段岩溶地质作用强烈，溶隙、孔洞发育，且受构造变形及后期淋滤溶蚀作用强烈，力学强度低，岩性复杂。其角砾状粘土岩和水云母粘土岩多已泥化成粘土，遇水易膨胀。岩溶区隧道围岩——支护体系的稳定性是该隧道建设面临的主要问题。文章结合隧道施工过程中的围岩变形监控量测和三维弹塑性有限元数值仿真模拟对隧道围岩——支护体系的稳定性进行了研究。围岩水平收敛和拱顶下沉位移及速率变化特性表明，在监测时段内隧道围岩无趋于稳定的迹象。施工动态力学数值仿真模拟表明，在初期支护条件下，围岩出现了较大范围的塑性破坏区，两隧道之间(间距45．0m)围岩破坏接近度达到0．70，最大竖向位移达到3．0mm，表明隧道全断面施工时，两隧道相互作用影响程度较大。为确保隧道围岩——支护体系的稳定，选择合理的施工方法，制定切实可行的支护方案提供了信息。  相似文献   

区域生态环境评价中宏观评价指标和工作方法简介   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

常凤池  缪燕江  王支农 《矿产与地质》2004,18(1):59-61

应用遥感技术和地理信息系统的手段及方法，拟定出一套较完善、系统的生态环境宏观评价指标，并编制景观生态类型图，指出该方法可以快速、廉价地开展区域环境评价。  相似文献   

Drainage basin sensitivity to tectonic and climatic forcing: implications of a stochastic model for the role of entrainment and erosion thresholds     

Gregory E. Tucker 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2004,29(2):185-205

Long‐term average rates of channel erosion and sediment transport depend on the frequency–magnitude characteristics of ?ood ?ows that exceed an erosion threshold. Using a Poisson model for rainfall and runoff, analytical solutions are developed for average rates of stream incision and sediment transport in the presence of such a threshold. Solutions are derived and numerically tested for three erosion/transport formulas: the Howard–Kerby shear‐stress incision model, the Bridge–Dominic sediment transport model, and a generic shear‐stress sediment transport model. Results imply that non‐linearity resulting from threshold effects can have a ?rst‐order impact on topography and patterns of dynamic response to tectonic and climate forcing. This non‐linearity becomes signi?cant when fewer than about half of ?ood events are capable of detaching rock or sediment. Predicted morphology and uplift‐gradient scaling is more closely consistent with observations and laboratory experiments than conventional slope‐linear or shear‐linear erosion laws. These results imply that particle detachment thresholds are not details that can be conveniently ignored in long‐term landscape evolution models. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Divergent evolution in fluviokarst landscapes of central Kentucky     

Jonathan D. Phillips  Linda L. Martin  Viva G. Nordberg  William A. Andrews 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2004,29(7):799-819

Central Kentucky is characterized by a mixture of karst and ?uvial features, typically manifested as mosaic of karst‐rich/channel‐poor (KRCP) and channel‐rich/karst‐poor (CRKP) environments. At the regional scale the location and distribution of KRCP and CRKP areas are not always systematically related to structural, lithological, topographic, or other controls. This study examines the relationship of KRCP and CRKP zones along the Kentucky River gorge area, where rapid incision in the last 1·5 million years has lowered local base levels and modi?ed slopes on the edge of the inner bluegrass plateau. At the scale of detailed ?eld mapping on foot within a 4 km² area, the development of karst and ?uvial features is controlled by highly localized structural and topographic constraints, and can be related to slope changes associated with retreat of the Kentucky River gorge escarpment. A conceptual model of karst/?uvial transitions is presented, which suggests that minor, localized variations are suf?cient to trigger a karst–?uvial or ?uvial–karst switch when critical slope thresholds are crossed. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

浅析GIS在岩溶地区公路建设土地利用中的应用     

鲁光银  朱自强  邹声杰 《物探化探计算技术》2004,26(2):165-168

在岩溶地区公路建设中，受复杂地形地貌的影响，将不可避免地产生占用耕地、破坏植被等环境问题，使得岩溶地区本来就脆弱的生态环境日趋恶化。因此，合理利用土地资源，维护生态平衡，将成为岩溶地区公路建设必须考虑的重要议题。在文中结合岩溶地区公路建设的实际情况，利用先进的GIS技术，针对公路建设的不同阶段，分别提出了各种不同的技术手段和工程措施，既指导了岩溶地区的公路建设．也保护了有限的土地资源。  相似文献