重庆丰都雪玉洞群的洞穴特征和洞穴沉积物   总被引：15，自引：11，他引：4  

朱学稳  张远海  韩道山  文汝平  陈炳清 《中国岩溶》2004,23(2):85-168

重庆市丰都县的雪玉洞群,由水洞子(雪玉洞群主洞)、水鸣洞和羊子洞组成,发育于三叠系下统的嘉陵江灰岩中,均为沿单斜构造地层走向发育的纵向洞穴系统,集中分布在龙河峡谷左岸2km 内高、中、低不同的相对高度,但洞穴发育特征差异甚大。在该洞穴群的次生物理— 化学沉积物( speleo thems )中碳酸盐类(方解石、文石)和硫酸盐类(石膏)并存,而且其形态的多样与完美,类型的稀有而珍贵,质地的纯粹而白净,在国内已发现的洞穴中是不多见的,其中尤以地石盾、塔珊瑚、钙膜晶锥、卷曲石等生成物为代表。   相似文献   

南京直立人的发现及其研究意义     

张璐瑾 《高校地质学报》2003,9(3):481-483

南京直立人的发现与研究的主要意义在于深入探讨了南京汤山葫芦洞古人类头骨的性质、性别、年龄、病理、环境、遗传基因和时代等一系列学术问题。对古人类在南京地区的发现、发展演化及其与国内外已知直立人的关系等方面的研究提供了重要证据。  相似文献   

安徽洞穴资源及其开发利用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

孙凤贤  徐小磊  江汪杰  谷丰 《安徽地质》2000,(2)

:通过对安徽143处洞穴及洞群的调查 ,阐明安徽洞穴资源分布特征 ,洞穴开发产生的经济效益和社会效益 ,开发潜力及远景。提出加强洞穴资源保护及合理开发利用的建议  相似文献   

Assessment of groundwater recharge processes through karst vadose zone by cave percolation monitoring          下载免费PDF全文

Amaël Poulain  Arnaud Watlet  Olivier Kaufmann  Michel Van Camp  Hervé Jourde  Naomi Mazzilli  Gaëtan Rochez  Romain Deleu  Yves Quinif  Vincent Hallet 《水文研究》2018,32(13):2069-2083

Recharge processes of karst aquifers are difficult to assess given their strong heterogeneity and the poorly known effect of vadose zone on infiltration. However, recharge assessment is crucial for the evaluation of groundwater resources. Moreover, the vulnerability of karst aquifers depends on vadose zone behaviour because it is the place where most contamination takes place. In this work, an in situ experimental approach was performed to identify and quantify flow and storage processes occurring in karst vadose zone. Cave percolation monitoring and dye tracing were used to investigate unsaturated zone hydrological processes. Two flow components (diffuse and quick) were identified and, respectively, account for 66% and 34% of the recharge. Quickflow was found to be the result of bypass phenomenon in vadose zone related to water saturation. We identify the role of epikarst as a shunting area, most of the storage in the vadose zone occurring via the diffuse flow component in low permeability zones. Relationship between rainfall intensity and transit velocity was demonstrated, with 5 times higher velocities for the quick recharge mode than the diffuse mode. Modelling approach with KarstMod software allowed to simulate the hybrid recharge through vadose zone and shows promising chances to properly assess the recharge processes in karst aquifer based on simple physical models.  相似文献   

Cave clastic sediments as a tool for refining the study of human occupation of prehistoric sites: insights from the cave site of La Cala (Cilento,southern Italy)          下载免费PDF全文

Ivan Martini  Annamaria Ronchitelli  Simona Arrighi  Giulia Capecchi  Stefano Ricci  Sem Scaramucci  Vincenzo Spagnolo  Paolo Gambassini  Adriana Moroni 《第四纪科学杂志》2018,33(5):586-596

  相似文献   

瞬变电磁法在煤矿水患区预测中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

姚馨  雷忠林 《中国煤炭地质》2008,20(4):67-68

在青杠林煤矿工作中,利用MSD-1脉冲瞬变电磁仪,选用100m×100m正方形重叠回线装置,观测时窗8～25920μs,采样道数40道进行数据采集。经数据处理,获得该区多测道剖面图及虚拟全区视由阻率剖面图,从中解释其含水岩溶管道3处,含水岩溶空洞2处,节理、裂隙5条。根据依照水患危险程度划分标准该区岩溶管道、空洞的位置及节理、裂隙的贯穿深度,将该区定为中等程度隐患预测区。  相似文献   

寿阳段王煤矿奥灰岩溶水富水性研究     

杜朝敏  ;司鹏昭 《中国煤炭地质》2008,(8):31-34

段王煤矿位于沁水煤田北部边缘,多年的开采已使第四系松散孔隙潜水和石炭-二叠系碎屑岩裂隙水基本疏干。区内有供水意义的含水层为奥陶系岩溶裂隙水。通过对区内奥灰岩地层岩性及富水性的分析研究,说明上马家沟组中、上段（0252.3）为区内的富水层段。奥灰岩水位在区内埋藏较深,静止水位为575～655m。奥灰岩溶水在垂向上表现为随着埋深的增大,岩溶发育程度减弱,富水性变弱,在水平方向上表现为北部富水性弱,南部较强的特点。奥灰水在本区西北奥灰裸露处得到降水补给后,向东南径流,途经矿区,至娘子关排泄,其水位具有逐年下降的趋势。奥灰水的变化规律通过区内两水井的抽水试验结果对比也得到了佐证。  相似文献   

地表不具备钻探条件下的盾构机通过空洞地段施工技术          下载免费PDF全文

晏胜荣  贺飞 《探矿工程》2008,35(9):76-79

本区间因隧道下穿南航酒店和火车站地中海商场及停车场,大部分区域无法实施钻探。而由周边地质资料及施工所反映的情况推测,该区域有存在空洞的可能。未探明的空洞可能对盾构机掘进造成不利影响,如盾构机栽头、地层塌陷等。因此,在盾构机通过未探明区域前必须进行探测和预处理,以指导盾构机掘进。  相似文献   

Distribution of the Ordovician Fluid in the Tahe Oilfield and Dynamic Response of Cave System S48 to Exploitation   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

LOU Zhanghu  ZHU Rong  YUN Lu  RAN Qihu  SU Danyang  LI Mei 《《地质学报》英文版》2008,82(3):487-498

The Tahe Oilfield is a complex petroleum reservoir of Ordovician carbonate formation and made up of spatially overlapping fracture-cavity units. The oilfield is controlled by a cave system resulting from structure-karst cyclic sedimentation. Due to significant heterogeneity of the reservoir, the distribution of oil and water is complicated. Horizontally, a fresh water zone due to meteoric water can be found in the north part of the Akekule uplift. A marginal freshening zone caused by water released from mudstone compaction is found at the bottom of the southern slope. Located in a crossformational flow discharge zone caused by centripetal and the centrifugal flows, the main part of the Tahe Oilfield, featuring high salinity and concentrations of CI^- and K^＋＋Na^＋, is favorable for accumulation of hydrocarbon. Three types of formation water in the Tahe Ordovician reservoir are identified： （1） residual water at the bottom of the cave after oil and gas displacement, （2） residual water in fractures/pores around the cave after oil and gas displacement, and （3） interlayer water below reservoirs. The cave system is the main reservoir space, which consists of the main cave, branch caves and depressions between caves. Taking Cave System S48 in the Ordovician reservoir as an example, the paper analyzes the fluid distribution and exploitation performance in the cave system. Owing to evaporation of groundwater during cross-formational flow, the central part of the main cave, where oil layers are thick and there is a high degree of displacement, is characterized by high salinity and Br^- concentration. With high potential and a long stable production period, most wells in the central part of the main cave have a long water-free oil production period. Even after water breakthrough, the water content has a slow or stepwise increase and the hydrochemistral characteristics of the produced water in the central part of the main cave are uniform. From the center to the edge of the main cave, displacement and enri  相似文献   

Distribution of the Ordovician Fluid in the Tahe Oilfield and Dynamic Response of Cave System $48 to Exploitation     

LOU Zhanghua  ZHU Rong  YUN Lu  RAN Qihua  SU Danyang  LI Mei 《《地质学报》英文版》2008,82(3)

The Tahe Oilfield is a complex petroleum reservoir of Ordovician carbonate formation and made up of spatially overlapping fracture-cavity units. The oilfield is controlled by a cave system resulting from structure-karst cyclic sedimentation. Due to significant heterogeneity of the reservoir, the distribution of oil and water is complicated. Horizontally, a fresh water zone due to meteoric water can be found in the north part of the Akekule uplift. A marginal freshening zone caused by water released from mudstone compaction is found at the bottom of the southern slope. Located in a cross- formationai flow discharge zone caused by centripetal and the centrifugal fows, the main part of the Tahe Oilfield, featuring high salinity and concentrations of CI- and K Na , is favorable for accumulation of hydrocarbon. Three types of formation water in the Tahe Ordovician reservoir are identified: (1) residual water at the bottom of the cave after oil and gas displacement, (2) residual water in fractures/pores around the cave after oil and gas displacement, and (3) interlayer water below reservoirs. The cave system is the main reservoir space, which consists of the main cave, branch caves and depressions between caves. Taking Cave System $48 in the Ordovician reservoir as an example, the paper analyzes the fluid distribution and exploitation performance in the cave system. Owing to evaporation of groundwater during cross-formational flow, the central part of the main cave, where oil layers are thick and there is a high degree of displacement, is characterized by high salinity and Brconcentration. With high potential and a long stable production period, most wells in the central part of the main cave have a long water-free oil production period. Even after water breakthrough, the water content has a slow or stepwise increase and the hydrochemistral characteristics of the produced water in the central part of the main cave are uniform. From the center to the edge of the main cave, displacement and enrichment of oil/gas become weaker, residual water increases, and the salinity and concentration of Br- decrease. At the edge of the main cave, although the wells have a high deliverability at the beginning with a short stable production period and water-free production period. After water breakthrough, the pressure and deliverability drop quickly, and the water content rises quickly. The hydrochemistrai characteristics of the produced water are relatively uniform. Wells in the branch caves have a relatively low deliverability at the beginning, with a short stable production period. Water breakthrough appears quickly and then the pressure and deliverability drop quickly. The salinity and concentrations of CI-and K Na are usually fluctuant or descend slowly in the produced water. Wells in low areas of ancient karst have a low deliverability and a short stable production period. The yield drops quickly and the water content is high, while the characteristics of the produced water may vary significantly well to well. The salinity and concentrations of CI- and K, Na in the produced water are usually fluctuant with a precipitous decline.  相似文献