Olivine in the Udachnaya-East Kimberlite (Yakutia, Russia): Types, Compositions and Origins   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Kamenetsky  Vadim S.; Kamenetsky  Maya B.; Sobolev  Alexander V.; Golovin  Alexander V.; Demouchy  Sylvie; Faure  Kevin; Sharygin  Victor V.; Kuzmin  Dmitry V. 《Journal of Petrology》2008,49(4):823-839

Olivine is the principal mineral of kimberlite magmas, and isthe main contributor to the ultramafic composition of kimberliterocks. Olivine is partly or completely altered in common kimberlites,and thus unavailable for studies of the origin and evolutionof kimberlite magmas. The masking effects of alteration, commonin kimberlites worldwide, are overcome in this study of theexceptionally fresh diamondiferous kimberlites of the Udachnaya-Eastpipe from the Daldyn–Alakit province, Yakutia, northernSiberia. These serpentine-free kimberlites contain large amountsof olivine (50 vol.%) in a chloride–carbonate groundmass.Olivine is represented by two populations (olivine-I and groundmassolivine-II) differing in morphology, colour and grain size,and trapped mineral and melt inclusions. The large fragmentalolivine-I is compositionally variable in terms of major (Fo_85–94)and trace element concentrations, including H₂O content (10–136ppm). Multiple sources of olivine-I, such as convecting andlithospheric mantle, are suggested. The groundmass olivine-IIis recognized by smaller grain sizes and perfect crystallographicshapes that indicate crystallization during magma ascent andemplacement. However, a simple crystallization history for olivine-IIis complicated by complex zoning in terms of Fo values and traceelement contents. The cores of olivine-II are compositionallysimilar to olivine-I, which suggests a genetic link betweenthese two types of olivine. Olivine-I and olivine-II have oxygenisotope values (+ 5·6 ± 0·1 VSMOW, 1 SD)that are indistinguishable from one another, but higher thanvalues (+ 5·18 ± 0·28) in ‘typical’mantle olivine. These elevated values probably reflect equilibriumwith the Udachnaya carbonate melt at low temperatures and ¹⁸O-enrichedmantle source. The volumetrically significant rims of olivine-IIhave constant Fo values (89·0 ± 0·2 mol%),but variable trace element compositions. The uniform Fo compositionsof the rims imply an absence of fractionation of the melt'sFe²⁺/Mg, which is possible in the carbonatite melt–olivinesystem. The kimberlite melt is argued to have originated inthe mantle as a chloride–carbonate liquid, devoid of ‘ultramafic’or ‘basaltic’ aluminosilicate components, but becameolivine-laden and olivine-saturated by scavenging olivine crystalsfrom the pathway rocks and dissolving them en route to the surface.During emplacement the kimberlite magma changed progressivelytowards an original alkali-rich chloride–carbonate meltby extensively crystallizing groundmass olivine and gravitationalseparation of solids in the pipe. KEY WORDS: kimberlite; olivine; partial melting; carbonatitic melt; oxygen isotopes; H₂O  相似文献   

Application of medium-scale magnetotelluric sounding to identify deep criteria for promising areas for kimberlite exploration   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

E. V. Pospeeva 《Russian Journal of Pacific Geology》2008,2(3):205-217

Medium-scale magnetotelluric sounding conducted within the Malaya Botuobiya (Yakutian diamondiferous province) and Zimnii Bereg (Archangelsk diamondiferous province) kimberlite regions revealed the main features of their geoelectric sections. These features have a genetic relation to the processes of kimberlite formation. All of the known kimberlite pipes of the two regions are located within the outlines of the revealed conducting geoelectric heterogeneities. The presence of such heterogeneities can be regarded as a possible deep criterion for distinguishing promising areas for kimberlite exploration.  相似文献   

X射线粉晶衍射仪在辽宁瓦房店金伯利岩蚀变矿物鉴定中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

迟广成  肖刚  张俊敏  钟辉  王海娇  胡建飞 《地质与资源》2012,21(1):160-164

瓦房店金伯利岩热液蚀变强烈,原岩矿物组分几乎蚀变殆尽,显微镜下对蚀变矿物鉴定相当困难.利用X射线粉晶衍射技术对蚀变金伯利岩物相进行系统检测,结果显示：42号岩管金伯利岩主要矿物为蛇纹石、金云母和滑石,有少量方解石、锐钛矿、磷灰石、石英、钛铁矿、钙钛矿、榍石、磁铁矿和绿泥石;石灰窑1号无矿金伯利岩岩管主要矿物为蛇纹石、金云母和白云石,有少量方解石、锐钛矿、磷灰石、滑石、磁铁矿和绿泥石;9号无矿金伯利岩岩脉主要矿物为方解石和石英,有少量绿泥石和重晶石;51号贫矿金伯利岩岩管主要矿物为蛇纹石和金云母,方解石化作用不均匀,白云石化作用普遍,有少量锐钛矿、滑石、磁铁矿、绿泥石、磷灰石、钛铁矿、石英;30号贫矿岩管样品风化严重,主要矿物为蒙脱石,有少量方解石、滑石、蛇纹石、榍石、磷灰石.实践证明,采用X射线粉晶衍射仪鉴定金伯利岩蚀变矿物组合是一种非常可行的技术手段.  相似文献   

山东蒙阴金刚石矿床中铬铁矿红外谱学特征及找矿意义     

迟广成  邹耀辛  汪寅夫  李丽君  刘敏  付宇 《地质与资源》2012,21(1):156-159

铬铁矿是金伯利岩型金刚石矿床含矿性重要指示矿物之一.通过对山东蒙阴金刚石矿区无矿、贫矿、中等含矿、富矿金伯利岩岩筒中的铬铁矿红外光谱系统采集,寻找不同金伯利岩岩筒中铬铁矿红外谱图参数特征与金伯利岩含矿性的关系,以达到判断金伯利岩体无矿、贫矿还是富矿的目的.不同含矿性金伯利岩岩筒中50个铬铁矿红外光谱参数特征统计显示：铬铁矿红外光谱A峰吸光度与高频峰吸光度平均比值从无矿、贫矿、中等含矿到富矿金伯利岩岩筒,数据依次为0.71、0.73、0.83~0.93、1.09,显示出明显的找矿指示意义.  相似文献   

蒙阴金伯利岩中磷灰石的矿物学特征及其成因意义     

雷雪英  杨志军  向正娇 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2019,(2):409-417

为探讨山东蒙阴金伯利岩的成因及其演化过程,对其中的磷灰石进行了矿物学及地球化学研究。SEM、EPMA和LA-ICP-MS测试结果表明,磷灰石可分为早期和基质同期两类;早期磷灰石常以较大(100～210μm)的半自形浑圆状出现在金伯利岩捕掳体内;具有特征CL图像和同心的、无序的明暗环带;Ca、P含量高,Sr、Si含量低,Ca、P分别与Sr、Si呈负相关关系;Th、U、Tb、Y含量高于原始地幔和基质同期磷灰石,LREE轻微亏损,HREE轻微富集;具明显负Eu异常,暗示其形成于还原环境。金伯利岩的富矿性与早期磷灰石有一定正相关性。基质同期磷灰石赋存在金伯利岩基质中,粒径变化较大(几微米到380μm),常呈放射状、填隙状等;无特征CL图像,Sr、Si含量高,Ca、P含量低;Ba、La、Sr含量远高于原始地幔和早期磷灰石,LREE明显富集,HREE强烈亏损;其微量元素配分模式指示金伯利岩初始岩浆的微量元素组成特征。  相似文献   

江苏徐州西村金伯利岩管地质特征及其找矿意义     

周琦忠  施建斌  黄友波  冯学知  张琪  张凤鸣  蔡逸涛  杨献忠  康丛轩 《地质通报》2019,38(1):152-162

西村岩管是在苏北地区发现的第一个金伯利岩管,颠覆了苏北地区无金伯利岩的历史。从岩石学、地球化学和伴生矿物等方面分析了西村岩管的地质特征,并进一步探讨其金刚石找矿意义。从区域背景和金刚石形成条件看,西村地区具备了金伯利岩侵位和金刚石矿形成的基本地质条件,而西村岩管为金刚石矿就位提供了母岩条件;西村金伯利岩与山东、辽宁金伯利岩具有相似的地球化学特征,是幔源岩浆低程度部分熔融的产物,且在岩浆上升过程中普遍遭受了壳源物质的混染,后期碳酸盐化现象普遍发育;其相容元素含量与山东金伯利角砾岩相似,均为典型的金伯利岩型配分模式,稀土元素表现为轻、重稀土元素强烈分馏的特征;伴生指示矿物主要为榴辉岩型含铬镁铝榴石、富铬透辉石和富镁铬尖晶石,其特征均表现出含矿金伯利岩的特点。  相似文献   

辽宁瓦房店金刚石矿田金伯利岩地质特征     

付海涛  万方来  蒋丽丽  徐华  李祎昕  杨磊 《地球学报》2021,42(6):859-867

辽宁瓦房店金刚石矿田位于华北陆块辽东新元古代—古生代坳陷带.矿田内金刚石矿均为金伯利岩型,目前已发现100多个金伯利岩体,提交了4个大型原生金刚石矿床和3个近源小型金刚石砂矿床,资源量占全国的一半以上.矿田内金伯利岩体成群、成带分布,有岩管也有岩脉,大小不等、形态各异.由于金伯利岩既是金刚石矿的载体,也是研究地球深部信息的重要对象,在金刚石矿勘查过程中对岩体地质特征进行了研究.本文认为,矿田内不同区域金伯利岩体受围岩成分混染的程度不同,西南部的岩群区金伯利岩体更适合用于研究深部信息;本区影响岩体形态的主要因素是断裂构造,其提供了岩浆上侵通道和就位空间,成岩后的逆冲推覆构造改造了岩体的形态.同时认为,区内控制金伯利岩浆上侵的深大断裂为古郯庐断裂.  相似文献   

山东蒙阴金伯利岩中蛇纹石化橄榄石的微组构特征及其地质意义     

张佳伟  杨志军 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2021,40(1):155-164

为探究山东蒙阴金伯利岩中蛇纹石化橄榄石的微组构特征、蚀变环境、元素迁移规律及其对金伯利岩表生演化的指示意义,对该区金伯利岩中部分蛇纹石化的橄榄石和完全蚀变的橄榄石进行了XRD、EPMA和LA-ICP-MS分析测试。结果表明,蛇纹石中少部分Mg被Fe、Al、Ca、Ni、Mn取代,其中Fe含量仅次于Mg;从蚀变橄榄石的中心到边缘,Li与Zn、Ba与Sc、Co与Y含量分别呈3组变化趋势;部分蚀变的橄榄石为负Eu异常、低氧逸度,推测其形成于封闭的还原环境;完全蚀变的橄榄石无Eu异常,氧逸度相对较高,推测其形成于更开放的偏氧化环境;未完全蚀变的橄榄石大部分微量元素含量都高于完全蚀变橄榄石;稀土元素在蛇纹石化过程中可能存在迁移活动。  相似文献   

Formation of mosaic diamonds from the Zarnitsa kimberlite     

A.L. Ragozin  D.A. Zedgenizov  V.S. Shatsky  K.E. Kuper 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2018,59(5):486-498

Mosaic diamonds from the Zarnitsa kimberlite (Daldyn field, Yakutian diamondiferous province) are morphologicaly and structurally similar to dark gray mosaic diamonds of varieties V and VII found frequently in placers of the northeastern Siberian craton. However, although being similar in microstructure, the two groups of diamonds differ in formation mechanism: splitting of crystals in the case of placer diamonds (V and VII) and growth by geometric selection in the Zarnitsa kimberlite diamonds. Selective growth on originally polycrystalline substrates in the latter has produced radial micro structures with grains coarsening rimward from distinctly polycrystalline cores. Besides the formation mechanisms, diamonds of the two groups differ in origin of mineral inclusions, distribution of defects and nitrogen impurity, and carbon isotope composition. Unlike the placer diamonds of varieties V and VII, the analyzed crystals from the Zarnitsa kimberlite enclose peridotitic minerals (olivines and subcalcic Cr-bearing pyropes) and have total nitrogen contents common to natural kimberlitic diamonds (0 to 1761 ppm) and typical mantle carbon isotope compositions (-1.9 to -6.2%c 5¹³C; -4.2%c on average). The distribution of defect centers in the Zarnitsa diamond samples fits the annealing model implying that nitrogen aggregation decreases from core to rim.  相似文献   

辽宁瓦房店30号金伯利岩管地球化学特征及金刚石矿床成因   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨占兴  王彬娜 《世界地质》2016,35(2):378-386

对瓦房店地区30号金伯利岩管岩石学、地球化学和成矿地质条件等研究认为,30号岩管金伯利岩岩浆来源于深部地幔,部分遭到壳源混染,碳来源于深源,属于富含碱性组分正常系列超基性岩;岩管中金伯利岩SiO_2、MgO含量较低,而CaO、CO_2含量较高;微量元素含量与地幔中石榴二辉橄榄岩微量元素含量相似;矿床形成于晚古生代;郯庐断裂为导矿构造,金伯利岩浆在北东东向和东西向断裂交汇处侵入成矿,岩管是由爆发与侵入交替作用形成。  相似文献