垃圾渗滤液污染地下环境介质岩性对pH缓冲能力的影响   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

董军  马小兰  何正坤 《世界地质》2010,29(3):490-494

通过模拟实验研究垃圾渗滤液污染地下环境介质岩性对pH缓冲能力变化的影响。亚黏土和砂土的pH缓冲容量的本底值分别为440.20和324.93mmol/(kg·pH),其中阳离子交换缓冲、碳酸钙缓冲、硅酸盐缓冲和次级缓冲的本底值分别为206.18、88.43、75.79和69.80mmol/(kg·pH),149.31、86.53、47.33和41.77mmol/(kg·pH)。污染的亚黏土和砂土的交换性阳离子(CEC)和交换性盐基离子(BEC)均小于本底值;盐基饱和度随离污染源距离的增加呈先升高后降低的变化趋势。  相似文献   

预处理+MBR+NF工艺处理填埋场垃圾渗滤液的研究     

王冰  何秋成 《云南地理环境研究》2020,(1):48-52

以浙江省某县城垃圾填埋场渗滤液为研究对象,采用预处理+MBR+NF工艺进行处理研究,研究了各工艺段对渗滤液中COD、氨氮和TN的去除效果,并对MBR的溶解氧、PH等影响因素进行单独分析。膜系统对纳滤系统回收率进行了分析。研究发现外置式MBR系统对有机物和氨氮有着较高的去除率;外置式MBR系统对DO、PH要求较高,最佳运行参数分别为DO 2~3mg/L,pH 7~8;纳滤系统对重金属、色度、有机物有着较高的截留率,对氨氮截留效果有限。纳滤用于外置式MBR后,处理超滤出水,对未降解有机物有着有效的截留和处理效果。该工艺对COD、氨氮、SS的去除率达到了99%、99.5%、99%,较低的出水浓度达到了预期的效果。  相似文献   

褐铁矿和白云石对垃圾渗滤液厌氧消化增强作用的初步研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

庆承松  韦玲  陈天虎  周跃飞  王进  岳正波 《岩石矿物学杂志》2014,33(2):365-369

垃圾渗滤液治理一直是城市生活垃圾卫生填埋场的难题。能否利用矿物-微生物交互作用提高垃圾渗滤液有机污染物厌氧转化的效率是值得研究的问题。本文设置4组厌氧生物反应器(分别为只添加褐铁矿或者白云石、同时添加褐铁矿和白云石以及不添加矿物的空白组),考察添加褐铁矿、白云石对垃圾渗滤液厌氧消化的影响。实验结果表明,厌氧生化反应12 d时,添加了褐铁矿和白云石的反应器中COD去除率均达到80%以上,而空白对照组COD去除率仅为50%;4组反应器中溶液pH值变化表明,矿物的存在提高了溶液的pH值0.5左右;4组反应器中氨氮含量变化不大,也没有表现出明显差异。研究认为褐铁矿或白云石矿物在垃圾渗滤液中有机物的厌氧消化过程中起到了重要促进作用。研究结果为提高垃圾渗滤液厌氧处理效率提供了一个可供参考的方法。  相似文献   

Physical controls on septic leachate movement in the vadose zone at the hillslope scale,Putnam County,New York,USA     

Mark D. Sherlock  Jeffrey J. McDonnell  Debra S. Curry  Albert T. Zumbuhl 《水文研究》2002,16(13):2559-2575

The fate and transport of contaminants in the vicinity of septic fields remains poorly understood in many hydrogeomorphological environments. We report hydrometric data from an intensive hillslope‐scale experiment conducted between 29 August and 11 November 1998 at a residential leach field in New York State. The objective of our study was to characterize water flux within the vadose zone, understand the physical controls on the flux, and predict how this ultimately will affect subsurface water quality. Soil‐water flux was calculated using matric potential measurements from a network of 25 tensiometer nests, each nest consisting of three tensiometers installed to depths of 10, 50 and 130 cm. Unsaturated hydraulic conductivity curves were derived at each depth from field‐determined time‐domain reflectometry–tensiometry moisture‐release curves and borehole permeametry measurements. Flownets indicated that a strong upward flux of soil water occurred between rainstorms. Following the onset of (typically convective) rainfall, low near‐surface matric potentials were rapidly converted to near‐saturated and saturated conditions, promoting steep vertical gradients through the near‐surface horizons of the hillslope. Lateral hydraulic gradients were typically 10 times smaller than the vertical gradients. Resultant flow vectors showed that the flux was predominantly vertical through the vadose zone, and that the flux response to precipitation was short‐lived. The flux response was controlled primarily by the shape of the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity curves, which indicated a rapid loss of conductivity below saturation. Thus, soil water had a very high residence time in the vadose zone. The absence of rapid wetting at 130 cm and the delayed and small phreatic zone response to rainfall indicated that water movement through macropores did not occur on this hillslope. These results are consistent with a Cl tracing experiment, which demonstrated that the tracer was retained in the vadose zone for several months after injection to the system. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Leachate Lithium Characteristics of Loess-paleosol Sequences on the Chinese Loess Plateau and their Paleoclimatic Significance     

JIA Peng  FU Chaofeng  HE Maoyong  LIU Junfeng  LIU N  LI Yulong  YANG Kaiyuan 《《地质学报》英文版》2023,97(6):1814-1824

The geochemical components of the leachate from loess-paleosol deposits can provide information about climate-related post-depositional processes. For example, leachate lithium ([Li]leachate) is a potential paleoclimate proxy because lithium is a typical lithophile element that is readily adsorbed by clay minerals during weathering and pedogenesis, and thus stratigraphic variations in [Li]leachate can reflect these processes. We investigated the [Li]leachate values of two loess-paleosols profiles (the Luochuan and Weinan sections), on a north–south climatic gradient on the Chinese Loess Plateau. Independent paleoclimate information was provided by measurements of magnetic susceptibility, grain size, Rb/Sr ratios, and clay mineral content. During the last glacial-interglacial period, [Li]leachate increased from 0.39 to 1.97 μg/g at Luochuan and from 0.67 to 2.45 μg/g at Weinan, mainly due to increasing pedogenesis. Based on these results we developed a conceptual model to explain the variations in [Li]leachate. Li+ within loess layers is mainly derived from dust input and the decomposition of primary minerals, influenced by the East Asian winter monsoon, while in paleosol layers Li+ is mainly derived from clay mineral adsorption during pedogenic processes, influenced by the East Asian summer monsoon.  相似文献   

Slope stability of bioreactor landfills during leachate injection: Effects of geometric configurations of horizontal trench systems     

Rajiv K. Giri 《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2015,10(2):126-138

In bioreactor landfills, different configurations of closely spaced horizontal trench (HT) systems are often considered as leachate recirculation systems to achieve uniform and rapid distribution of moisture in municipal solid waste (MSW). In this study, a numerical two-phase flow modelling was adopted to study the effects of geometric configuration of HT systems on the moisture distribution in MSW, and the stability of a simplified bioreactor landfill slope during continuous and intermittent leachate recirculation. Transient variations in pore water and capillary pressures in MSW were assessed, and slope stability analyses were performed using strength reduction technique. MSW was considered as heterogeneous and anisotropic with varied unit weight and saturated hydraulic conductivity. The results demonstrated that geometric configurations of HT systems significantly affected the moisture distribution, generation and distribution of pore water and capillary pressures in MSW, and considerably influenced the mechanical stability of bioreactor landfill slope. It was concluded that staggered configuration of closely spaced HT systems with intermittent sequences of leachate recirculation and subsequent gravity drainage in alternate shallow and deep HT layers should be adopted as they produce uniform moisture distribution and ensure the mechanical stability of landfill slope due to low induced pore pressures near side slope. Overall, this study presents a significant contribution to the understanding of the basic mechanisms controlling the geotechnical stability of bioreactor landfills during leachate operations. Furthermore, the capability of the adopted commercial code was verified with complexities related to bioreactors behaviour. However, further research is needed to validate the model based on field monitoring data at actual bioreactor landfills.  相似文献   

A kinetic approach for simulating redox‐controlled fringe and core biodegradation processes in groundwater: model development and application to a landfill site in Piedmont,Italy     

Massimo Rolle  T. Prabhakar Clement  Rajandrea Sethi  Antonio Di Molfetta 《水文研究》2008,22(25):4905-4921

A three‐dimensional model for predicting redox controlled, multi‐species reactive transport processes in groundwater systems is presented. The model equations were fully integrated within a MODFLOW‐family reactive transport code, RT3D. The model can simulate organic compound biodegradation coupled to different terminal electron acceptor processes. A computational approach, which uses the spatial and temporal distribution of the rates of different redox reactions, is proposed to map redox zones. The method allows one to quantify and visualize the biological degradation reactions occurring in three distinct patterns involving fringe, pseudo‐core and core processes. The capabilities of the numerical model are demonstrated using two hypothetical examples: a batch problem and a simplified two‐dimensional reactive transport problem. The model is then applied to an unconfined aquifer underlying a leaking landfill located near the city of Turin, in Piedmont (Italy). At this site, high organic load from the landfill leachate activates different biogeochemical processes, including aerobic degradation, denitrification, manganese reduction, iron reduction, sulfate reduction and methanogenesis. The model was able to describe and quantify these complex biogeochemical processes. The proposed model offers a rational framework for simulating coupled reactive transport processes occurring beneath a landfill site. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Experimental and Modelling Approaches for the Assessment of Chemical Impacts of Leachate Migration from Landfills: A Case Study of a Site on the Triassic Sandstone Aquifer in the UK East Midlands     

Steven?F.?ThorntonEmail author  John?H.?Tellam  David?N.?Lerner 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2005,23(6):811-829

Current risk-based methods for assessing the effects of landfill leachate migration on groundwater resources are conservative and generalised. Cost-effective and practical strategies are required which can robustly determine the potential for contaminant attenuation on a site-specific basis. In this paper laboratory column experiments and reactive transport modelling are evaluated as a combined approach for assessing the chem’ical impact of leachate migration in the Triassic Sandstone aquifer. The results are compared with field data for a landfill in the East Midlands. Columns of aquifer sandstone were flushed sequentially with groundwater, followed by acetogenic or methanogenic leachate to simulate chemical interactions occurring during leachate loading episodes. The key contaminants in leachate (NH₄, heavy metals, organic fractions) were attenuated by ion exchange, redox reactions, sorption and degradation. These processes produce a consistent hydrochemical signature which may help identify the extent of leachate migration in the aquifer. The laboratory results largely replicate those found in the field system, and the behaviour of inorganic contaminants during leachate flushing of the aquifer columns can be described by the reactive transport model. The experimental and modelling approach presented represents a powerful tool for risk assessment and prediction of leachate contaminant fate at unlined and lined landfills.  相似文献   

二妃山垃圾填埋场污染地下水的可能性分析   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10  

刘东  孙建亭  江丁酉  张洁  谈正雄 《地质科技情报》2002,21(3):79-83

在对武汉市敦茨口、流芳和金口垃圾场多调研的基础上，对武汉市拟建的二妃山垃圾填埋场地下水环境的影响因素进行了分析，并对填埋场的设计和管理进行了探讨。分析结果表明：（1）垃圾渗滤液对地下水环境存在巨大的潜在危险性；（2）垃圾渗滤液潜在污染危害年限长；（3）场内渗滤液水力梯度和场底防渗层渗透系数的设计管理有很大关系。  相似文献   

垃圾渗滤液的特征污染组分在包气带中的迁移转化规律   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

高秀花  朱锁  李海明 《地下水》2008,30(3):37-40

通过室内土柱实验,研究了垃圾渗滤液的特征污染组分氮、COD在包气带不同介质中的迁移转化特征。实验结果表明,岩性不同的包气带介质是影响氮素、COD迁移转化的重要因素之一,不同介质对氮、COD的净化能力不同;渗滤液对地下水不会造成氮素污染,但会造成有机污染。  相似文献