基于三要素的张家界旅游城镇化响应测度及影响机制   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2  

麻学锋  刘玉林 《地理科学》2018,38(8):1346-1356

在分析城镇化对旅游业成长响应与机理基础上,从人口、产业和就业3个要素入手,重构“旅游城镇化响应系数”,构建响应测度模型,将旅游城镇化响应划分为4个阶段,利用张家界1989~2015年统计数据,剖析旅游城镇化的总体特征、阶段性特征以及空间特征,并从静态和动态分析其影响机制。结果显示： 自张家界建市以来,旅游城镇化响应系数呈现稳步上升趋势,并呈现出阶段性变化特征。 张家界两个市辖区的旅游城镇化响应强度有所差异,总的来说两者的响应强度都处于增长态势,但武陵源的响应强度大于永定区,而永定区的增长速度快于武陵源区。 从静态看,旅游城镇化响应强度的影响因素主要有区域经济发展水平、旅游产业集聚程度、交通通达度、城镇居民可支配收入、第三产业增加值以及区域投资强度;其中,城镇居民可支配收入、旅游产业集聚程度、人均固定资产投资以及交通通达度与城镇化响应系数呈现正相关;人均GDP和第三产业增加值与旅游城镇化响应系数呈现负相关。 从动态看,各因素对旅游城镇化的影响程度不同,排序为：旅游产业集聚>城镇居民可支配收入>人均GDP>人均年末通车里程>第三产业增加值>人均固定资产投资额。  相似文献   

基于土地开发强度的长春市城市空间效率分异研究   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

张鹏  张栩嘉  刘勇  叶亚丽  胡宇鑫  吴彩鹤 《地理科学》2018,38(6):895-902

以地块容积率和建筑密度为基础数据,从土地开发强度这一微观视角出发,针对长春市建成区圈层式快速发展的现实,运用替代原理和竞租理论分析长春市中心城区1 460个地块的土地开发强度的分布特征,并采用核密度估计法对城市空间扩展过程中的低效地块和“超效”地块进行判断,总结分异特征和原因。研究发现：长春市土地开发强度的分布不符合替代原理,地块容积率的分布总体呈现“高-低-高”的环状分布特征;长春市城市空间结构组织总体上符合竞租理论,公共服务设施对传统竞租函数及其空间结构组织模式具有很大的影响;长春市在城市空间扩展过程中,低效与“超效”并存;商业用地和居住用地是低效地块和“超效”地块的主要用地类型,以商业、居住、娱乐、休闲、办公为一体的城市商业综合体建设或许可在一定程度上缓解该矛盾。  相似文献   

苏南太湖流域污染企业集聚与水环境污染空间耦合关系   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

张姗姗  张磊  张落成  高爽 《地理科学》2018,38(6):954-962

以苏南太湖流域为例,利用核密度分析法对分行业污染密集型制造业的空间集聚及与水环境污染之间的空间耦合关系进行研究,结果显示：① 污染密集型企业主要集中在无锡市的惠山区、江阴市的东部、常州市与武进区相邻部分区域、昆山市等地区,常州市整体上污染密集型企业分布较少;② 将制造业集聚与水环境污染空间耦合关系分为高集聚-高污染、低集聚-高污染、低集聚-低污染、高集聚-低污染4种类型,4种类型区面积分别为781.25、2 993.75、12 187.50、1 187.50 km²,分别占研究区总面积的4.56%,17.46%,71.06%,6.92%,两者间正向耦合效应明显,说明制造业在空间上的集聚是造成水环境污染的重要原因之一。  相似文献   

第四纪加积型红土与下蜀黄土理化特征比较   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

伊继雪  朱丽东  姜永见  叶玮  袁双  李凤全  张明强  冯义雄  李建武 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2009,(2)

加积型红土和下蜀黄土是我国亚热带地区常见的第四纪沉积物。测试了加积型红土的粒度、矿物与石英砂表面特征、磁化率、常量元素和稀土元素等理化指标,并与下蜀黄土进行了对比分析,结果表明,加积型红土与下蜀黄土在理化特征上具有整体相似性,显示风成特性,但较下蜀黄土经历了更为强烈的化学风化作用。同一剖面自下而上为加积型红土至棕黄色下蜀土的沉积序列,揭示了中更新世至晚更新世风化成壤强度减弱、气候由湿热向干凉转变的趋势;北亚热带和中亚热带沉积年代相当的下蜀土风化特征差异反映了古环境变化的纬度效应。  相似文献   

城市热岛强度的数值试验     

李国平  李东川 《成都信息工程学院学报》1993,(4)

本文从大气热力—动力学方程出发,导出形式较为简单的热岛分析解,通过数值试验,讨论了城市热岛强度与影响因子(如平均风速,城市加热量,摩擦效应和大气稳定度等)之间的关系。  相似文献   

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李恒  姚运生  陈蜀俊 《大地测量与地球动力学》2007,27(6):82-85

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A laboratory investigation of the leaching of solute from snowpack by rainfall     

M. Tranter  S. Tsiouris  T. D. Davies  H. G. Jones 《水文研究》1992,6(2):169-178

Under controlled laboratory conditions, artificial rain leaches solute from snow columns, and gives rise to leachate with a composition similar to snowmelt, in addition to the solute initially present in the artificial rain. the initial concentration of ions in the leachate, normalized to the concentration of ions found in the original snow and corrected for the solute present in the artificial rain, is similar to those reported in other laboratory and field studies of snowmelt composition, but there is some evidence that the concentration of leached ions declines more rapidly than during snowmelt. Similarly, as in snowmelt studies, not all ions are leached with the same efficiency. Bearing in mind the confounding influences of snow crystal morphology and snow column hydrology, it seems likely that rain will leach solute from snowpack during rain-on-snow events, in a manner similar to leaching by snowmelt, and that the precise composition of the leachate will depend on the hydrological routing of rain-meltwater mixtures through the snowpack.  相似文献   

Incorporating rainfall intensity into daily rainfall records for simulating runoff and infiltration into soil profiles     

J. Mertens  D. Raes  J. Feyen 《水文研究》2002,16(3):731-739

Hydrological modelling often implies the use of rainfall data. Its quality and resolution directly affect the accuracy of the simulation results. This study illustrates that a simple approach of incorporating rainfall intensity information in daily rainfall records significantly improves the simulation of surface runoff and rainfall infiltration into soil profiles. The procedure is developed using a frequency analysis on rainfall data of the Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium, collected with a resolution of 10 min and for a consecutive period of 61 years. The frequency analysis of the data allowed the incorporation of rainfall intensity information into daily rainfall records. To test the effect of this approach the surface runoff and water flow into three different soil types was simulated using the HYDRUS‐1D model for a typical dry, normal and wet year. The simulation results whereby the observed 10‐min rainfall data was used as input were considered as the reference. Comparative analysis revealed that the simulations using the 10 min rainfall data deducted from the incorporation of rainfall intensity into daily rainfall records, deviate a maximum 1·2% from the reference and produce much better results than the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) runoff curve‐number method because rainfall intensity is considered in the procedure presented. The SCS curve‐number method typical overestimates surface runoff during periods of low rainfall intensity (winter) and underestimate runoff during periods of high rainfall intensities (summer). Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Change Laws of Intensity of Moderate-Small Earthquakes (2.0≤Ms≤5.5)     

Du XingxinSeismological Bureau of Shaanxi Province  Xi'an  China 《中国地震研究》1997,(4)

The change laws of intensity of nearly 200 moderate-small earthquakes with Ms=2.0~5.5 occurring on the Chinese mainland since 1954 have been analyzed and are compared with that of moderately strong earthquakes(Ms≥5.0).The results show that there is quite obvious regionality in the statistical laws by both moderate-small earthquakes and moderately strong earthquakes:attenuation of intensity in Eastern China is slower than that in Western China and the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of iso-seismal lines in Eastern China is smaller than that in Western China.The results also show that for a fixed magnitude the attenuation of intensity of moderate-small earthquakes is faster when intensity is higher than V and slower when intensity is lower than V-in comparison with that of moderately strong earthquakes.Furthermore,there also have been some differences in the aspects as intensity-magnitude relation between statistical laws of moderate-small earthquakes and moderately strong earthquakes.These di  相似文献   

用人工降雨揭示降雨产流特征和降雨入渗规律   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

杨晓俊 《地下水》2007,29(2):18-20,31

通过模拟降雨试验,研究了不同雨强、不同土壤剖面含水状态下降雨产流特征和降雨入渗过程,为进一步研究降雨-径流规律和平原区的水分循环规律奠定基础,为水资源的优化配置提供科学依据.  相似文献