Proposed river-linking project of India: a boon or bane to nature     

Anil Kumar Misra  Anju Saxena  Manish Yaduvanshi  Ajai Mishra  Yogendra Bhadauriya  Alok Thakur 《Environmental Geology》2007,51(8):1361-1376

India is a vast country and is highly diversified in terms of natural resources and socio-economic setup. Moreover, its water resources are unevenly distributed in space and time. With increasing population and increasing aspiration for improved standard of living, there is an acute pressure on the demand and availability of water. Though the idea of interlinking of rivers is not a new concept in India, it had rather persisted long back as much as in other countries of ancient civilization. National Water Development Agency (NWDA) has given the real shape to the proposal of the interlinking of rivers of the country. In India the river-linking project in a sensible and scientific manner will not only allow the prevention of the colossal wastage of a vitally important natural resource, mitigate the flood and inundation by detaining flowing surface water of rainy seasons, but also ensure availability of water to drier areas; combating both flood and drought simultaneously. Moreover, this project will generate 34,000 MW of hydropower and irrigation of an additional 35 million hectares (135,135 square miles) of land. Though linking of rivers may initially appear to be a costly proposition in ecological, geological, hydrological and economical terms, in the long run the net benefits coming from it will far outweigh these costs or losses. However, in the absence of any definite international legal framework, Bangladesh has raised objections against the project. This paper aims at looking at this long-term plan, the project proposal, its involvement and impact not only on the states of India, India as a whole, but also on its neighbouring nations which are linked with India through the waterways, and share the common climatic conditions and economic status.  相似文献   

对象链接与嵌入功能在GIS中的应用     

王艳东  彭沛  龚健雅  马林兵 《测绘信息与工程》2006,31(3):10-11

提出了将对象链接与嵌入功能应用于GIS中的思路,阐述了GIS中OLE服务器和OLE包容器的工作原理,通过试验证明了该思路的实用性。  相似文献   

Degradation of Adsorbed Sarin on Activated Carbons: A 31P‐MAS‐NMR Study     

Doron Kaplan  Liora Shmueli  Ido Nir  Daniel Waysbort  Ishay Columbus 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2007,35(2):172-177

The fate of the OP nerve agent isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate (sarin) on granular activated and metal‐impregnated activated carbons that are used in gas‐mask filters was investigated by means of ³¹P magic‐angle‐spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy. The results show that most of the adsorbed sarin on extensively dried carbons decomposes with a half‐life of 5–12 days. A MAS‐NMR signal of the degradation product isopropyl methylphosphonic acid (IMPA) appears in the spectra of sarin on non‐impregnated carbons. The IMPA signal is not visible in the spectra from metal‐impregnated carbons, probably due to strong binding of the acid molecule to paramagnetic Cr³⁺ and Cu²⁺ ions. Exposure of BPL and ASC carbons to air of 53% relative humidity shortens the degradation time by approximately an order of magnitude. Wetting shortens the half‐life of sarin on BPL carbon to approximately 2 hours.  相似文献   

生物药剂在金矿浮选中的试验探索          下载免费PDF全文

刘国英  郭文军 《地质找矿论丛》2021,36(2):233-238

生物技术在选矿领域的应用越来越受到人们的重视,而生物药剂浮选技术还处于不断探索研究阶段。本文通过试验研究重点筛选出可生物降解的化学药剂H-3作为生物药剂应用于金矿浮选中。当H-3加工处理产物H-3-2用量为10×10~(-6)/5×10~(-6)时,粗精矿的回收率可以达到95.19%,尾矿品位为w(Au)=0.14×10~(-6)。与单一使用丁黄药和单一使用丁胺黑药相比,粗精矿回收率提高了2%～3%,尾矿品位降低了0.04×10~(-6)～0.09×10~(-6)。其用量仅是丁黄药和丁胺黑药用量的十分之一,降低了化学药剂的用量,且无毒无污染,可以生物降解,基本达到了预期目标。  相似文献   

Formation and evolution of sand deserts in Xinjiang,Northwest China: I. Provenances ofdesert sands简     

ZHU Bingqi  YU Jingjie  QIN Xiaoguang  Patrick RIOUAL  LIU Ziting  XIONG Heigang 《地理学报(英文版)》2014,24(1):177-190

Sandy desert landscape is a geological product of arid climate and abundant sand materials supply in natural conditions, therefore the formation of sandy desert is an ideal studying object for understanding the interaction between various stratigraphic/epigenetic spheres of the earth system. However, until now, the knowledge about the provenance and formation of these deserts in Xinjiang, Central Asia is diverse and inconsistent, a systematic review is necessary. Ancient aeolian sand sediments in the internal areas of these deserts and their twin dust deposits in the Cenozoic strata surrounding the Xinjiang deserts are direct and indirect clues reflecting the provenance of sand materials and the formation and evolution of deserts. Based on the geochemical, mineralogical and isotopic evidences of desert sands and relevant deposits in the peripheral regions, this paper reviews the research progress on the development of the sandy deserts in Xinjiang, Northwest China. Many proofs proposed that desert sands in Xinjiang were mainly sourced from the ancient pluvial, alluvial and fluvial sediments and were eventually achieved because of the local sand supply. It pointed out that the settings of tectonic structure in Xinjiang had made sediments both in the Tarim Basin and the Junggar Basin being influenced greatly by regional hydrological system and aeolian processes originated from the planetary wind system of westerly, the East Asian winter monsoon and the topographical mountain-valley winds. However, the directions of transpor- tation paths are different between the hydrological dynamics and the aeolian dynamics, which are decided by the slantwise structures of the basins tectonics and the regional atmospheric circulation routes, respectively, and have determined anisotropies of the transport pathway of these sediments delivered by different agents. This results in a geological cycle of detrital sediment transportation in the two large sediment mixing, alternation and recycle basins and thus largely increases the degree of between younger and older sediment sources, as well as the complexity and diversity of sand provenances.  相似文献   

新疆地区沙漠的形成与演化——I.沙漠沙的物源（英文）     

朱秉启  于静洁  秦晓光  Patrick RIOUAL  刘子亭  熊黑钢 《地理学报(英文版)》2014,(1)

Abstract:Sandy desert landscape is a geological product of arid climate and abundant sand materials supply in natural conditions,therefore the formation of sandy desert is an ideal studying object for understanding the interaction between various stratigraphic/epigenetic spheres of the earth system.However,until now,the knowledge about the provenance and formation of these deserts in Xinjiang,Central Asia is diverse and inconsistent,a systematic review is necessary.Ancient aeolian sand sediments in the internal areas of these deserts and their twin dust deposits in the Cenozoic strata surrounding the Xinjiang deserts are direct and indirect clues reflecting the provenance of sand materials and the formation and evolution of deserts.Based on the geochemical,mineralogical and isotopic evidences of desert sands and relevant deposits in the peripheral regions,this paper reviews the research progress on the development of the sandy deserts in Xinjiang,Northwest China.Many proofs proposed that desert sands in Xinjiang were mainly sourced from the ancient pluvial,alluvial and fluvial sediments and were eventually achieved because of the local sand supply.It pointed out that the settings of tectonic structure in Xinjiang had made sediments both in the Tarim Basin and the Junggar Basin being influenced greatly by regional hydrological system and aeolian processes originated from the planetary wind system of westerly,the East Asian winter monsoon and the topographical mountain-valley winds.However,the directions of transportation paths are different between the hydrological dynamics and the aeolian dynamics,which are decided by the slantwise structures of the basins tectonics and the regional atmospheric circulation routes,respectively,and have determined anisotropies of the transport pathway of these sediments delivered by different agents.This results in a geological cycle of detrital sediment transportation in the two large basins and thus largely increases the degree of sediment mixing,alternation and recycle between younger and older sediment sources,as wellas the complexity and diversity of sand provenances.  相似文献   

Distinguishing human from animal faecal contamination in water: A review     

L. W. Sinton  R. K. Finlay  D. J. Hannah 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(2):323-348

Management of faecal contamination of water would be improved if sources could be accurately identified through water analysis. Human faeces are generally perceived as constituting a greater human health risk than animal faeces, but reliable epidemiological evidence is lacking. United States waterborne disease data suggest that human‐specific enteric viruses account for over half the documented outbreaks. However, in New Zealand, where there is a high grazing animal:human ratio (increasing the relative importance of water‐transmissible zoonoses), it seems prudent to assume that human and animal faecal pollution both constitute a risk to human health. Irrespective of the relative risks, the ability to identify sources would assist in overall management of microbial water quality. Faecal streptococci do not appear to provide reliable faecal source identification. Human and animal sources, respectively, maybe distinguishable by two tests on Bifidobacterium spp.—growth at 45°C in trypticase phytone yeast broth and sorbitol fermentation. Different species of Bacteroides tend to be present in humans and animals, but poor survival in water is a problem. Phages of the Bacteroides fragilis strain HSP40 appear to be human specific, but low counts in effluent in some countries, including New Zealand, may limit their usefulness. Different F‐RNA phage subgroups appear to be associated with human and animal faecal sources. The actinomycete Rhodococcus coprophilus has potential as a grazing animal indicator but it is persistent, and existing culturing techniques are time consuming. The development of DNA‐based techniques, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), may assist in the assay of some microbial faecal source indicators. Various faecal sterol isomers offer the possibility of distinguishing between human and animal sources, and even between different animals. Washing powder constituents such as fluorescent whitening agents, sodium tripolyphosphate and linear alkyl benzenes, offer useful human source identifiers. It is unlikely that any single determinand will be useful in all situations, but statistical analysis of appropriate “baskets” of microbial and chemical determinands offers the possibility of identifying and apportioning human and animal faecal inputs to natural waters.  相似文献   

基于小波和线矩的实孔径雷达图像与TM图像的匹配   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

熊兴华  陈鹰  王任享 《测绘学报》2000,29(1):24-29

为了充分利用多源遥感信息,常常需要解决不同传感器图像之间的匹配问题。为此,本文初步探讨了一种基于小波边缘检测与线矩描述的实孔径雷达图像与ＴＭ图像的匹配算法。实验结果表明：如果搜索窗口内存在较丰富的特征,该算法可以获得满意的结果。  相似文献   

A Three-Dimensional Model of Transport and Diffusion of Seeding Agents within Stratus   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

Yu Xing  Dai Jin  Jiang Weimei  Fan Peng 《大气科学进展》2000,17(4):617-635

1. IntroductionMany projects and experiments of rain enhancement are carried out abroad. Most seeded cloud bodies are the convective or topographic clouds. The seeding agents are usually released near their bases and brought into the clouds by the updrafts. Whether the seeding material can reach the areas where cloud liquid water presents is emphasized. Tzivion et al.(1989) demonstrated that effective dispersal of seeding material strongly depends on the seeding altitude and the stage (time) …  相似文献   

内助剂型固硫剂在渭北高硫煤固硫中的应用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王水利  葛岭梅  杨小玲 《煤田地质与勘探》2004,32(3):12-14

定义了内助剂型固硫剂,并在此基础上对两种内助剂型固硫剂的固硫效果进行了对比研究。结果表明,内助剂型固硫剂因助剂的助固硫作用得以充分发挥,因而固硫率明显高于同类对比固硫剂,尤其是 1200℃的高温固硫率仍可达到25.7%~35.5%,是同类对比固硫剂的5~6倍。   相似文献