细砂岩裂纹周围变形破坏过程及应变场分布   总被引：2，自引：3，他引：2  

赵永红  凌勇 《岩土力学》2004,25(6):865-870

用扫描电镜实时观测研究了含不同方向预制裂纹的平板状砂岩试件中不同尺度上微破裂的萌生、扩展、集结和连通，以及形成宏观破裂的过程，对一些局部破裂现象进行了实时显微照相。在实验观测的基础上，利用数字图象相关程序对裂纹周围变形场进行了分析计算。研究结果表明：在裂纹开裂过程中，裂纹周围产生较强的应变集中带，其应变值远远超过单轴压缩试验中记录到的平均2％～5％的破坏应变值；而远离破裂带，应变量则低于2％～5％的破坏应变值，说明了岩石试件的破坏过程是一个非均匀的变形分布及传播过程。  相似文献   

大南湖凹陷西山窑组层间氧化带砂岩岩石化学特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

黄国龙  陈绍藩  尹征平 《铀矿地质》2004,20(3):129-135

本文主要利用砂岩样品 (岩心 )的鉴定资料和分析测试数据 ,对区内层间氧化带岩石化学特征作初步研究。根据砂岩的物质组分 ,结合分选性及磨圆度等结构特征 ,与蚀源区物质构成进行对比 ,认为本区沉积物主要来自北部的南湖隆起 ,其次为南部的觉罗塔格山。通过对砂岩结构构造及填隙物含量、胶结类型的研究发现 ,砂岩的孔隙度、渗透率与体重关系密切 ,且与胶结物中碳酸盐含量高低及次生矿物种类、含量有关。统计了与水成铀成矿关系密切的C有 、CO2 、Fe、S、U、Th及伴生元素的含量 ,发现本区氧化带砂岩中这些元素含量比还原带低 ,而Fe3 /Fe2 比值氧化带比还原带高。根据可地浸砂岩型铀矿的成矿条件 ,区内砂岩的有机质含量较高 ,碳酸盐含量中等 ,有部分地段或层位碳酸盐含量较低 ,Fe、S、U、Th及伴生元素的氧化、溶解、迁移、沉淀和富集符合水成铀矿的变化规律。  相似文献   

Jurassic depositional records and sandstone provenances in Hefei Basin, central China: Implication for Dabie orogenesis   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Zhong Li  Renwei Li  Shu Sun  Qingchen Wang 《Island Arc》2004,13(2):346-358

Abstract   Detrital composition and major element geochemistry of Jurassic sandstones in the south Hefei Basin, central China, show their provenance to be the Dabie Mountains, whose tectonic attributes are closely related to continent–island arc complexes. It was found that a provenance change, from recycled orogen signatures and mixed orogenic sandstones to arc orogen, occurs from the lower Middle Jurassic to the Upper Jurassic (the Zhougongshan Formation). Dissected magmatic arc sources were gradually exposed in the Dabie Mountains due to intensive exhumation during the Late Jurassic, particularly after the Fenghuangtai depositional phase. Furthermore, it can be infered that the magmatic arc was initially present in both the Early Paleozoic and the Triassic, according to isotopic dating studies in previously published reports. δ¹³C–δ¹⁸O tracing between existing marbles of different strata in the Dabie block and marble gravels of the Fenghuangtai Formation in the Hefei Basin indicate that partial lithostratigraphic units for the Jurassic provenances have entirely disappeared from the Dabie block; therefore, it is impossible to reconstruct integral orogenic processes from studies on the remaining Dabie block alone. These findings, together with basin-fill sequences, also suggest that the Hefei Basin was mainly subjected to compressive mechanical regimes rather than extensional regimes in the Jurassic, which resulted in reverse-grading clastic depositional sequences, and is probably related to the northward intracontinental deep subduction of the Yangtze Plate. Regional exhumation properties and a tectonic model of the Late Mesozoic Dabie orogenesis are discussed in this paper.  相似文献   

Origin of honeycombs and related weathering forms in Oligocene Macigno Sandstone,Tuscan coast near Livorno,Italy     

Earle F. McBride  M. Dane Picard 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2004,29(6):713-735

Two types of cavernous‐weathering features are exposed in the Oligocene Macigno Sandstone along 5 km of the Tuscan coast south of Livorno, Italy. Honeycomb cells (type 1 features) are typical closely spaced, more or less circular pits of centimetre scale that have been eroded 2 to 6 cm below the general surface of bedding planes or joints. ‘Aberrant honeycomb’ cells (type 2 features) are highly elongate, polygonal, or irregular ?at depressions of decimetre scale surrounded by walls rarely higher than 2 cm, some of which pass into long, free‐standing walls or tendrils. Thus, not all type 2 ‘honeycomb’ cells are fully enclosed. We measured the geometry of 551 honeycomb cells and examined various rock properties (microscopic texture and fabric, mineralogy, porosity, permeability, and chemical composition) to isolate factors that control the size, shape, distribution, and pattern of the honeycombs. Our goal was to narrow potential origins of the features and to understand their formation. The ubiquitous occurrence of sea salt in the honeycombs and scanning electron microscope evidence of physical weathering of silicates, especially micas, favours an origin for the honeycombs chie?y by salt weathering. Honeycombs do not form in siltstone, iron‐oxide‐impregnated sandstone, calcite‐cemented concretions, or in case‐hardened joints. Thus, salt weathering of type 1 and 2 honeycombs is not effective in very low permeability rocks. We propose for type 1 honeycombs that seawater is drawn into micropores of the sandstone and evolves into self‐organized diffusion cells (Turing patterns). Selective evaporation at the stationary nodes of diffusion cells, which form at the same site over time, leads to the precipitation of salt, then grains spall off, and pits are formed. The deepest pits (>40 mm) formed where Turing patterns consistently formed at the same sites. Although the walls are more porous and weathered than the host sandstone, they become selectively case hardened by an unidenti?ed component of low abundance. Initial honeycomb cell shape and gravity locally in?uenced type 1 honeycomb shapes. We suggest that type 2 honeycombs develop where diffusion‐controlled Turing patterns lead to case‐hardening along linear trends; gravity and rock fabric are important locally in in?uencing the orientation of the walls. Only type 2 cells are forming today, suggesting recent environmental changes. Gravity is not a fundamental control on honeycomb shape; in places it is a contributing factor. Pre‐existing depressions (quarry tool marks) have strongly in?uenced honeycomb shape locally. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

陇东黄土塬地区中生界石油砂岩储层预测     

王大兴  高静怀  李幼铭  夏正元  王宝江 《应用地球物理》2004,1(1):20-25

在鄂尔多斯盆地陇东黄土源地区地震解释中,采用广义S变换地震层序处理解释技术、三叠系顶部古地貌解释技术,以及各种储层横向预测技术,对比分析了应用效果。研究表明,用广义S变换地层层序处理解释技术可识别出约6m的层序界面,进而确认了陇东地区长8段砂体的展布方向,扩大了陇东地区西峰油田的勘探范围。  相似文献   

地球化学模式在确定砂岩型铀矿矿化地段研究中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘金辉 《矿物岩石》2004,24(1):65-70

在分析和讨论与成矿有关的水文地球化学参数和新疆准噶尔盆地北部地质背景的基础上，运用地球化学模式通过计算饱和指数和反应条件指数将第三系含矿层水化学成分与其所处的水文地球化学环境结合起来，系统探讨了饱和指数和反应条件指数与第三系砂岩水Eh值之间的关系，初步划分了氧化带、过渡带和还原带的位置，并对受盐池、黄花沟排泄源控制的铀矿化地段进行了初步预测。研究结果表明铀矿化地段位于北；隹顶山地区0号线Z14-Z16之间距Z14孔0．9km至4．6km处的3．7km范围内。  相似文献   

砂／砂岩成分在古气候研究中的应用     

刘立  陈建军 《吉林地质》1994,13(4):25-31

本文论述了第一旋回砂／砂岩成分作为古气候恢复标志的基本原理，介绍了砂／砂岩粒径—成分趋势，砂／砂岩的骨架成分图解和ＲＦＰ指数（火山岩岩屑／斜长石十火山岩岩屑）在古气候恢复中的应用。  相似文献   

Basic Facts Concerning Strength of Sandstone     

Zavodchikova Maria 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》1994,(1)

ＢａｓｉｃＦａｃｔｓＣｏｎｃｅｒｎｉｎｇＳｔｒｅｎｇｔｈｏｆＳａｎｄｓｔｏｎｅ￥ＺａｖｏｄｃｈｉｋｏｖａＭａｒｉａ（Ｓａｎｋｔ－ＰｅｔｅｒｓｂｕｒｙＭｉｎｉｎｇＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅ，Ｓａｎｋｔ－Ｐｅｔｅｒｓｂｕｒｇ１９９０２６；）（Ｅｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔ...  相似文献   

松辽盆地北部徐家围子断陷沙河子组致密气储层成岩作用与成岩相特征     

张大智  初丽兰  周翔  王晓莲  李鑫 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2021,51(1):22-34

致密储层成因及有利储层分布预测是制约当前徐家围子断陷沙河子组致密气勘探的关键因素。本次研究综合运用沙河子组普通薄片、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、阴极发光、电子探针、X衍射及物性测试等多种资料，系统分析徐家围子断陷沙河子组致密砂砾岩成岩作用特征。结果表明：研究区沙河子组可划分为强压实泥质杂基充填成岩相、中压实长石岩屑溶蚀成岩相、中压实石英次生加大成岩相、中压实绿泥石环边胶结成岩相和弱压实碳酸盐胶结成岩相等5种成岩相；由沉积作用形成的碎屑矿物组分、结构差异是各成岩相成岩演化的物质基础，决定了其初始孔隙度的差异；强压实和黏土杂基充填是造成砂砾岩储层物性损失的主要原因，长石岩屑溶蚀和绿泥石环边胶结有利于物性保持和改善。不同成岩相中成岩作用类型和强度各不相同导致不同成岩相间宏观物性和微观孔隙结构差异，其中中压实长石岩屑溶蚀成岩相和中压实绿泥石环边胶结成岩相是沙河子组储层最有利的成岩相带。  相似文献   

层理面特性对砂岩断裂力学行为的影响研究     

李斌  黄达  马文著 《岩土力学》2020,41(3):858-868

层理弱面对层状岩石的力学特性影响较显著，为了研究层理面特性对岩石断裂力学特性的影响，开展了具有不同层理方向的砂岩试样三点弯试验，探讨了砂岩断裂韧度及断裂模式的各向异性。之后基于有限元中的黏聚单元建立了数值模型，采用数值模拟方法研究了层理面强度对各层理角度试样断裂力学行为的影响规律。结果表明：层理方向影响下砂岩的断裂韧度及模式存在各向异性；同一层理方向试样的断裂韧度随层理面强度的增大而增大，且试样的层理面与加载方向夹角越小，断裂韧度受层理面强度变化影响越明显；试样的断裂模式不仅与层理面强度有关，还受层理倾角的控制，层理面与加载方向夹角θ = 0o试样断裂模式基本不受层理面强度影响，θ = 30o试样主要沿层理面张拉或剪切破坏，且沿层理面的破裂长度随层理面强度的降低逐渐增大；层理面强度较大时，θ = 45o试样主要沿层理面张拉破坏，θ = 60o～90o试样主要以贯穿层理的张拉破坏为主；层理面强度较小时，θ = 45o～90o试样均以沿层理面的剪切破坏为主，其中θ = 45o试样沿层理剪切长度最大。另外，通过数值模拟结果分析了层理面强度及方向对试样的起裂角及裂纹扩展路径产生的影响。该研究成果可作为层状岩石断裂力学理论的有益补充。  相似文献