Temperature dependence of δLi, δCa and Li/Ca during growth of calcium carbonate     

Caedmon S Marriott  Gideon M Henderson  Nick S Belshaw  Alexander W Tudhope 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2004,222(2):615-624

Lithium and calcium isotope ratios, together with the Li/Ca element ratio, have been measured in calcites precipitated inorganically at temperatures ranging from 5 to 30 °C, and on seasonal growth bands from a coral. These measurements indicate the potential uses of these three environmental proxies. Carbonate Li isotopes are lighter than the solution from which they grow, probably due to equilibrium fractionation. This fractionation is not significantly influenced by temperature and, because Li is not involved in any known biological process, this suggests that carbonates will provide a recorder for the past Li-isotope composition of natural waters and hence for past weathering conditions. As has been observed previously for inorganic aragonite, the Ca-isotopes in inorganic calcite are lighter than the growth solution, and are only weakly dependent on temperature. This confirms that the temperature dependence observed in some species of foraminifera [Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 1 (2001)] reflects additional isotope fractionation due to biological processes during mineralization. Ca isotopes may therefore provide a powerful tool with which to investigate the processes of biomineralization. Finally, Li/Ca ratios in inorganic and biogenic carbonates increase as temperatures decrease with a sensitivity of ≈4% per °C. This temperature dependence of Li/Ca may prove useful to assess past temperatures in cold environments such as the deep ocean.  相似文献   

Diffusion aerosol spectrometer     

Yu. V. Julanov  A. A. Lushnikov  V. A. Zagaynov   《Atmospheric Research》2002,62(3-4)

The diffusion aerosol spectrometer for the measurements of particle size spectra and concentration levels is described. It includes three principal parts: (i) a block of diffusion batteries for measuring the particles, whose size does not exceed 0.15 μm, (ii) the particle amplifier for growing the particles passing through the diffusion batteries up to optically distinguishable sizes and (iii) the laser aerosol spectrometer, which counts the amplified particles and may also serve for independent measurements of particle size spectra within submicron size range. The tandem including: diffusion batteries+laser aerosol spectrometer allows for detecting particles of radius >3 nm at maximal concentration up to 2×10⁴ particles/cm³. The tandem is managed either by PC or manually. The instrument is designed for studying aerosols in the atmosphere and for ecological measurements.  相似文献   

大陆风化过程的锂同位素地球化学研究进展   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

汪齐连  赵志琦  刘丛强  张伟 《地学前缘》2008,15(6):332

锂同位素在地质学、地球化学研究中有着广阔的应用前景,大陆风化过程的锂同位素地球化学研究已经成为近年来国际上研究的热点,在过去十多年发展快速,并取得一批优异研究成果。系统综述了本领域国内外近年来的主要研究思路,各研究方向的主要进展,并在此基础上提出现阶段存在的问题。主要研究方向包括流域尺度大空间范围的总体研究、风化壳剖面的精细研究以及实验室内的模拟研究,均涉及水/岩作用过程的锂同位素分馏机理研究。现有研究结果有的需要进一步论证,有的相互之间存在矛盾,还有部分结论不能自圆其说,因此还需要进一步开展深入细致的研究工作。  相似文献   

西藏地区盐湖锂资源的开发现状   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15  

罗莎莎  郑绵平 《地质与勘探》2004,40(3):11-14

随着国外锂盐生产逐渐转向盐湖提锂,我国急需加强盐湖锂资源的开发.西藏地区盐湖锂资源储量丰富,主要分布在扎布耶湖、班戈-杜佳里湖、扎仓茶卡等盐湖中.其中扎布耶盐湖经过十余年的开发研究,目前已找到一条适合该湖自然条件的锂资源工艺开发路线.班戈-杜佳里湖近期刚开始进行试验,表现出良好的发展前景.开发中需坚持综合利用的原则,同时可以利用西藏丰富的太阳能和盐湖资源建立盐湖太阳池系统,为资源开发提供能源支持.  相似文献   

未来中国纯电动汽车的节能减排效益分析     

苏利阳  王毅  陈茜  汝醒君 《气候变化研究进展》2013,9(4):284-290

采用燃料生命周期方法,选取能耗、CO₂、NO_x和SO₂排放等关键节能减排指标,对我国纯电动汽车、汽油汽车和混合动力汽车进行比较分析。通过对2010年和2020年两个时间点的考察,发现推广纯电动汽车并不一定有利于节能减排：在2010年技术水平和能源结构下,纯电动汽车的燃料周期能耗和CO₂排放低于燃油汽车（包括汽油汽车和混合动力汽车),但NO_x和SO₂排放要高出燃油汽车50%以上;到2020年,若国家相关规划目标得以实现,纯电动汽车的燃料周期能耗和CO₂排放将比2010年下降30%左右,NO_x和SO₂排放将比2010年下降80%以上,但由于发动机技术迅速改进等原因,届时纯电动汽车的燃料周期CO₂、NO_x和SO₂排放等都高于混合动力汽车。在此基础上,进一步分析了纯电动汽车节能减排效益的不确定性,并提出改善纯电动汽车节能减排效益的政策建议,如将纯电动汽车的推广与电力系统改造行动结合起来、基于能耗水平对纯电动汽车和燃油汽车进行分类管理等。  相似文献   

Solid–liquid Phase Equilibria in the Aqueous Ternary System Containing Lithium, Potassium, and Sulfate ions at 288.15 K     

WANG Shiqiang  TANG Peng  GUO Yafei  DENG Tianlong 《《地质学报》英文版》2014,88(Z1):379-380

正1 Introduction Salt lakes are widely distributed in the western of China,especially in the area of Qinghai-Xizang(Tibet)Plateau.A series of salt lakes in the Qaidam Basin,located in Qinghai Province,China,is famous for their abundance of lithium,potassium and boron resources(Zheng et al,1988;Deng et al,2012).It is well known that the  相似文献   

Source and Enrichment Mechanism of Lithium in the Triassic Argillaceous Marine Sediments from Huangjinkou, Sichuan, China     

QIN Yan  WANG Denghong  ZHAO Yue  YU Yang  GAO Juanqin  YU Feng  ZHONG Jiaai  LIU Zhu 《《地质学报》英文版》2022,96(2):536-545

In the Triassic marine sediments, an obvious enrichment of lithium has been found. The source and enrichment mechanism of lithium is unknown. Here, we report trace and rare earth element and isotope analyses for Triassic sedimentary samples from core ZK601, recovered from the Huangjinkou anticline in the Xuanhan basin. Lithium concentrations from the Leikoupo and Jialingjiang formations are much higher than the average concentrations in the crust of eastern China and in other marine sediments. Lithium concentrations are highest at depths of 3300–3360 m (in argillaceous marine sediments), and Li is positively correlated with Rb, Ga, Zr, Nb and other trace elements. The range of δ7Li values in our samples is consistent with that in other Triassic marine carbonate rocks. Lithium concentrations and isotope ratios are negatively correlated in the argillaceous dolomite samples at depths of 3300–3360 m. We compared the results in this study with trace and rare earth elements in the clay from Sichuan and Chongqing, and propose that the clay in the argillaceous marine evaporites from Huangjinkou formed via the hydrolysis of volcanic ash during Early–Middle Triassic volcanic eruptions into brine basins, during which clay adsorbed Li from the brine and formed Li-rich argillaceous dolomites. The addition and hydrolysis of volcanic ash in the evaporative brine is also related to the formation of a new type of polyhalite.  相似文献   

阴离子树脂预处理-离子色谱法测定核纯氢氧化锂中阴离子杂质     

李伯平  王志龙  徐静  崔建勇  郭冬发 《铀矿地质》2019,(1):33-37,64

采用氨型弱阴离子交换树脂预先对核纯氢氧化锂溶液转型,消除核纯氢氧化锂溶液中的游离氢氧根基体,转型后的溶液采用阴离子色谱法同时测定杂质氟离子、氯离子和硫酸根离子。该方法获得的氟离子、氯离子和硫酸根离子加标回收率优于90%,对应检出限分别为:5.0μg/g、 11.0μg/g和24.0μg/g。  相似文献   

新疆阿尔泰协库斯特伟晶岩中锂的矿物学行为及其启示          下载免费PDF全文

徐遥辰  卢奂  饶灿 《高校地质学报》2019,25(3):321

协库斯特伟晶岩位于新疆阿尔泰可可托海镇,属于典型的Li-Cs-Ta(LCT)伟晶岩,发育大量锂的磷酸盐矿物和硅酸盐 矿物。文章利用电子探针和X射线衍射等分析手段,结合野外观察,系统研究了协库斯特伟晶岩中锂的矿物学行为,探讨 花岗质岩浆-热液过程中锂矿物的结晶演变与热液蚀变过程。研究表明：协库斯特伟晶岩中锂矿物结晶于两个阶段,花岗 质岩浆阶段,锂矿物主要有锂辉石、磷锂铝石与磷锰锂矿,而锂电气石、多硅锂云母、锂白云母等形成于岩浆-热液过渡 阶段至热液阶段。磷锰锂矿与羟磷锂铝石团块包体反映协库斯特伟晶岩中锂的磷酸盐熔体与硅酸盐熔体的不混溶机制。磷 锰锂矿逐渐蚀变形成黄白色-红色的结构相似的矿物相,揭示了磷锰锂矿的氧化过程以及锂的释放过程。早期锂辉石、磷 锰锂矿、磷锂铝石等锂矿物热液蚀变释放出Li进入热液,这种富Li热液作用形成了次生富锂矿物,显示了协库斯特伟晶岩 内部Li的地球化学循环过程。  相似文献   

Optimisation of Lithium Chromatography for Isotopic Analysis in Geological Reference Materials by MC‐ICP‐MS     

Wenshuai Li  Xiao‐Ming Liu  Linda V. Godfrey 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2019,43(2):261-276

The lithium isotope system can be an important tracer for various geological processes, especially tracing continental weathering. The key to this application is the accurate and precise determination of lithium isotopic composition. However, some of the previously established column separation methods are not well behaved when applied to chemically diverse materials, due to the significant variations in matrix/lithium ratios in some materials. Here, we report a new dual‐column system for lithium purification to achieve accurate and precise analysis of lithium isotopic compositions using a multi‐collector inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometer (MC‐ICP‐MS). Compared with single‐column systems, our dual‐column system yielded a consistent elution range of the lithium‐bearing fraction (7–16 ml) for samples with a large range of lithium loads and matrix compositions, so that column re‐calibration is not required. In addition, this method achieved complete lithium recovery and low matrix interference (e.g., Na/Li ≤ 1) with a short elution time (~ 6 h, excluding evaporation), with the entire procedure completed in 1.5 days. We report high precision Li isotopic compositions in twelve chemically diverse materials including seawater, silicates, carbonates, manganese nodules and clays. New recommended Li isotopic values and associated uncertainties are presented as reference values for quality control and inter‐laboratory calibration for future research and were consistent with previously published data. However, significant lithium isotopic variances (~ 1‰) in BHVO‐2 from different batches suggest Li isotopic heterogeneity in this reference material and that Li isotopic studies using this reference material should be treated with caution.  相似文献